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作者旨在探讨鸡痘病毒ORF073或ORF214基因缺失后,在母源抗体存在情况下对重组病毒免疫效力的影响。将构建好的在ORF073或ORF214基因插入H5亚型AIV HA基因的重组鸡痘病毒(rFPVLP-△73LRH5A、rFPVLP-△214LRH5A)及单表达H5亚型AIV HA基因的重组鸡痘病毒(rFPVLP-12LSH5A)分别免疫SPF鸡和商品鸡,检测重组疫苗诱导的免疫效力。结果:3种重组鸡痘病毒在SPF鸡产生较高的HI抗体效价及100%的免疫保护;在HI母源抗体效价为2.45的商品鸡体内基因缺失株重组病毒比rFPVLP-12LSH5A易于清除,抗体上升缓慢而且免疫28 d后HI抗体效价较低,免疫保护率低,分别为16.7%和23.3%;在母源HI抗体效价为0的商品鸡体内基因缺失株重组病毒免疫后产生的抗体效价高,免疫28 d后分别达到3.50和3.17。结果表明在商品鸡体内母源抗体影响下,缺失ORF073或ORF214基因的重组鸡痘病毒的免疫效力降低。 相似文献
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母源抗体的干扰是重组鸡痘病毒(FPV)活载体基因工程疫苗至今未能得到推广应用的主要原因,本试验使用FPV新的复制非必需区构建的载体pP12-18构建在高母源抗体商品鸡具有较高免疫力的基因工程疫苗.将H5亚型禽流感病毒分离株的血凝素(HA)基因和神经氨酸酶(NA)基因定向插入鸡痘病毒转移载体pP12-18中,H5A和NA基因的启动子分别为PS和PE/L,获得用不同的启动子启动不同的外源基因且两基因盒方向为背向串联的重组转移载体p12LSH5HANA.将p12LSH5HANA转染至已感染鸡痘病毒282E4疫苗株(wt-FPV)的鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)中.p12LSH5HANA与wt-FPV基因组DNA之间的同源重组产生了重组鸡痘病毒rFPV-12LSH5HANA.通过在含X-Gal的营养琼脂上连续挑选蓝色病毒蚀斑,获得纯化的重组病毒.经传代证实该重组病毒具有良好的遗传稳定性.用105PFU的rFPV-12LSH5HANA免疫无特定病原体(SPF)鸡,能激发机体产生有效的血凝抑制(HI)抗体.初步的动物试验表明,该重组病毒能使经滴鼻点眼攻毒的SPF鸡抵抗H5亚型AIV的致死性攻击,保护率为100%.在高母源抗体的商品鸡上,rFPV-12LSH5HANA与原有载体构建的重组疫苗rF-PV-11SH5HANA的免疫效力有显著差异,保护率分别为81.4%和45.4%.结果表明,选择FPV合适的复制非必需区构建载体是提高重组FPV在高母源抗体商品鸡免疫效力的有效策略之一. 相似文献
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表达新城疫病毒F基因重组鸡痘病毒的筛选 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
将转移载体P11SF和PN11SF分别与282E4株鸡痘病毒（282E4 strain fowlpox virus，282E4FPV）和大空斑株鸡疽病毒（large plaque strain fowlpox virus，LP FPV）共转染鸡胚成纤维细胞，通过蓝斑筛选，得到4株重组鸡痘病毒rFPV282E4-SFA、rFPVLP，-SFA、rFPV282E4-SFB和rFPVLP-SFB，通过PCR和间接免疫荧光鉴定均为阳性，另外将各重组病毒分别传20代，测其遗传稳定性，结果显示均具有良好的稳定性。对SPF鸡进行免疫效力试验，攻毒后均100％保护，而对于商品鸡，保护率分别为64％、60％、52％和88％。 相似文献
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表达马立克氏病病毒CVI988／Rispens株糖蛋白B基因的重组鸡痘病毒疫苗的免疫保护研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用鸡痘病毒载体表达马立克氏病病毒（MDV）糖蛋白B（gB）基因构建成重组鸡痘病毒（rFPV）。以MDV GA或Md5和RBIB混合攻毒，在不同品种的鸡中评价rFPV－gB／R单价苗和与火鸡疱疹病毒（HVT）组成的二价苗的免疫保护效力。试验结果表明，MDV疫苗和FPV母源抗体阴性的SPF鸡和母源抗体阳性的商品鸡中，rFDV－gB／R均能提供免疫保护作用，且其中一种商品蛋鸡中rFPV－gB／R与HVT液氮苗或HVT冻干苗结合使用，均有显著的免疫协同保护作用。免疫学研究指出，rFPV－gB／R与常规疫苗一样，可显著地降低疫苗免疫攻毒鸡的病毒血症和羽囊排毒。 相似文献
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H9N2亚型禽流感病毒HA蛋白S145N变异株致病性及抗原特性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为确定近年来H9N2亚型禽流感病毒(AIV) HA蛋白S145N点突变对病毒毒力变化和抗原性变异的影响,笔者对从全国不同地区分离的12株H9N2亚型AIV HA蛋白S145N变异株和HP疫苗参考株进行了半数鸡胚感染量(EID50)、半数鸡胚致死量(ELD50)、平均鸡胚致死时间(MDT)、雏鸡脑内致病指数(ICPI)、鸡静脉致病指数(IVPI)和8周龄SPF鸡感染排毒试验,并与抗H9N2亚型AIV HP参考株HA蛋白单抗2A4和F6的血凝抑制(HI)和中和反应特性进行测定.结果发现,H9N2亚型AIV HA蛋白S145N变异株毒力偏强,能引起部分SPF鸡发病和死亡,感染8周龄SPF鸡排毒时间更早,排毒期更长.单抗2A4和F6不能抑制H9N2亚型AIV HA蛋白S145N变异株的血凝特性,也不能中和病毒感染CEF细胞.研究结果表明,H9N2亚型AIV呈现变异趋势,有毒力增强和抗原性变异毒株出现.S145为H9N2亚型AIV HA蛋白的1个抗原位点,是血凝抑制抗体结合的位点,但有该位点漂变导致抗原变异毒株出现,并可逃避免疫作用.这提示该病的防控面临着新的挑战. 相似文献
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将禽流感病毒A／Goose／Guangdong／1／96（H5N1）株的NA基因及LacZ报告基因克隆到禽痘病毒载体pSY681中，构建重组转移载体pSY（NA＋LacZ），将其转染鸡胚成纤维细胞，经蓝白斑筛选，纯化表达NA基因的重组禽痘病毒rFPV-NA，用其免疫SPF鸡，检测该重组禽痘病毒的免疫原性。结果显示，该重组禽痘病毒能够在体外培养细胞内表达具有生物学活性的NA蛋白，表达产物的分子质量约为55ku；用该重组禽痘病毒免疫SPF鸡后，能够使免疫鸡获得对H5N1和H7N1两种亚型HPAIV攻击的部分保护。表明，重组禽痘病毒rFPV—NA具有良好的免疫原性。 相似文献
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禽流感重组禽痘病毒疫苗不同途径及剂量接种的免疫效力 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
将表达禽流感病毒(AIV)H5 HA和N1 NA基因的重组禽痘病毒(rFPV—HA—NA)以不同剂量分别经翅下刺种、肌肉注射、皮下注射、点眼及滴鼻途径接种于4周龄SPF鸡。结果，该疫苗经翅下刺种、肌肉注射和皮下注射途径接种的SPF鸡，能够诱导其产生血凝抑制(HI)抗体；用100LD50的HPAIVA／Goose／Guangalong／1／96(H5N1)毒株攻击后，免疫鸡无一发病和死亡，免疫保护率为100％。以点眼和滴鼻途径免疫的SPF鸡，大剂量接种能够诱导产生一定水平的抗体，攻毒后的保护率分别为83．3％、66．7％；而小剂量接种则不产生免疫反应，保护率为0。表明rFPV—HA—NA疫苗只有经翅下刺种、肌肉注射和皮下注射途径接种，才能够诱导机体产生高水平的免疫力。 相似文献
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为在SPF鸡和商品蛋鸡上评价一株表达H9亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)血凝素基因的重组HVT(r HVT-H9)活疫苗的免疫保护效力,试验将1日龄SPF鸡分为r HVT-H9疫苗组、灭活疫苗组和空白对照组,共3组(n=60,每组20只);1日龄商品蛋鸡除上述三组外另增加r HVT-H9疫苗与禽流感灭活疫苗(H9亚型,F株)联合免疫组,共4组(n=80,每组20只)。免疫后,通过血凝抑制试验检测血清中针对H9亚型AIV的抗体效价;并于免疫后28 d,将全部试验组及空白对照组以H9亚型AIV F株进行静脉注射攻毒。攻毒后第3、5天分别采集喉头、泄殖腔棉拭子检测排毒情况;并于攻毒后第10天将全部试验鸡进行剖检。结果显示:SPF鸡r HVT-H9疫苗组能达到100%免疫保护,而灭活疫苗组仅能达到80%保护;商品蛋鸡r HVT-H9疫苗组保护率为40%,灭活疫苗组保护率为70%,但联合免疫组能达到100%的免疫保护。因此,该重组病毒r HVT-H9疫苗可作为H9亚型禽流感的有效疫苗候选株,与现有商品化禽流感H9亚型灭活疫苗联合使用,效果更佳,为其防控提供一定的技术支持。 相似文献
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为评价共表达鸡IL-6和H5亚型禽流感病毒HA基因重组鸡痘病毒(rFPV-AIH5AIL6)的免疫抗体消长规律及免疫效力,将重组病毒通过颈部皮下注射和翅部皮下注射2种不同的免疫途径来免疫鸡群,结果发现,2种免疫途径中,重组鸡痘病毒对鸡体质量增加均无影响,而野生型鸡痘病毒均可抑制鸡体质量增加。翅部皮下注射疫苗组能够产生较高的血凝抑制(HI)抗体水平,免疫21d后抗体水平达到高峰,28d后开始下降,49d时仍保持在一定的水平。免疫SPF鸡21d后攻毒,表明该重组病毒能使经滴鼻攻毒的SPF鸡抵抗H5亚型AIV的致死性攻击,保护率为95%,与油苗组相同,与单表达H5亚型禽流感病毒HA基因重组鸡痘病毒组(40%)差异显著;攻毒后3、5、7d采集喉头、泄殖腔棉拭子检测排毒情况,结果发现第3天排毒率最高,其中rFPV-AIH5AIL6免疫组排毒率为最低,显示IL-6在rFPV-AIH5IL6免疫过程中起到了免疫佐剂的作用,这为研制新型的禽流感重组鸡痘病毒疫苗奠定了基础。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献