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2014年3月11日,湖南省邵阳市洞口县毓兰镇金竹村部分养殖户饲养的羊出现疑似小反刍兽疫症状,发病羊360只,其中死亡234只。24日,湖南省动物疫病预防控制中心诊断为疑似小反刍兽疫疫情。25日,经国家外来动物疫病研究中心确诊,该起疫情为小反刍兽疫疫情。经调查,此次发生的小反刍兽疫疫情是由外地活羊调运传入。 相似文献
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2015年8月18日,江西省发生一起疑似小反刍兽疫疫情。为了解此次疫情暴发的主要原因,分析疫点向外传播疫病的风险,紧急开展了流行病学调查工作。首先建立病例定义,采集样本进行检测;然后采用座谈、实地调查和问卷等方式进行调查。经实验室检测,此次暴发确诊为小反刍兽疫疫情,袭击率为100%(148/148),病死率为85%(126/148)。调查认为,本次疫情主要来源于病羊的购买、混群与跨省运输,人员和车辆的流动引起了一定的疫情扩散。按照《小反刍兽疫防治技术规范》要求,对养殖场进行了处置,并对全县养羊场户进行了疫情排查,未发现其它疫点。调查结果提示,应规范产地检疫,严格活畜调运监管,严厉打击非法调运,连续监测当地养羊场。 相似文献
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1例羊小反刍兽疫诊断报告 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《畜牧与兽医》2015,(12):167-168
<正>小反刍兽疫是由小反刍兽疫病毒引起小反刍类动物的一种急性、烈性传染病,发病率和死亡率都非常高,主要感染绵羊、山羊和野生小反刍兽。2007年7月,在西藏阿里地区首次发现该疫情,目前该病在中国多地蔓延。现就其中1例羊小反刍兽疫诊断报告如下。1发病情况2014年8月25日,宿迁市沭阳县某肉羊养殖场从徐州某地调进波尔山羊杂交羊460只,在调运过程中因遭受雨淋,到场2日后便有部分羊只出现感冒和腹泻症状,曾用头孢(含青霉素等成份)、双黄连等 相似文献
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2020年5月15日,辽宁省抚顺市清原县动物疫病预防控制中心报告,该县某养羊户发生山羊急性发病,且死亡率较高;5月16日,经市级专家组现场临床诊断和省级实验室复核,诊断为疑似小反刍兽疫疫情,经国家小反刍兽疫参考实验室检测,确诊为小反刍兽疫。5月18日,农业农村部公布了该起疫情。为追溯疫情可能来源,分析疫情扩散风险,科学指导疫情处置工作,开展了紧急流行病学调查。现场调查结果显示,该起疫情的袭击率为72.7%（136/187）,病死率为55.9%（76/136）。溯源调查表明,疫情由羊贩运人及其运输车辆带毒传入和外购未经检疫羔羊带毒传入的风险较大,新生或外购羔羊未及时免疫小反刍兽疫疫苗是内在风险因素;追踪调查结果显示,疫情局限于该养羊户,向外扩散的风险较低。本起疫情提示,应做好养殖场区内的生物安全综合防控,重点加强相关人员及运输车辆、工具的移动控制,及时做好羔羊的疫苗免疫,降低疫情发生风险。 相似文献
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2007年,我国西藏阿里地区发生首例小反刍兽疫疫情。2010年,西藏小反刍兽疫疫情扑灭。2013年12月起,新疆、甘肃、内蒙古等多个省份发生小反刍兽疫疫情,受疫情影响,我国全面暂停活羊跨省调运,多数省份还关闭了活羊交易场所,并积极落实各项防控措施,处置疫情,从而遏制了疫情的扩大化和避免了次生疫情的发生。 相似文献
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通过对同安区羊群养殖、调运和检疫监管等情况的摸底调查,采集15个养殖场(户)合计90份鼻腔棉拭子和74份血清样品,分别采用荧光RT-PCR方法和酶联免疫吸附试验检测小反刍兽疫病原和抗体,评估该地区在小反刍兽疫强制免疫前传入羊群的风险.检测结果显示,同安区在未全面开展强制免疫前,小反刍兽疫抗体个体阳性率为25.7%,场(户)阳性率为33.3%,病原阳性率为0.初步判定,该地区在没有进行小反刍兽疫强制免疫的情况下,疫情发生的风险较大.提出应立即开展小反刍兽疫免疫、强化检疫监管、提高养殖户和屠宰场生物安全管理水平. 相似文献
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黑龙江省某县某村自2014年3月23日起陆续发生羊只死亡情况,临床症状表现为气喘、咳嗽,鼻腔流脓性或浆液性分泌物,体温升高等,为调查本起疫情的发病原因及可能的传播风险因素,我们通过建立病例定义,现场访谈并结合实验室筛查等方法,对该起疫情开展了全面调查。结果发现疫情的流行病学史、临床症状、传播特点和实验室检测结果证明该疫情为小反刍兽疫,感染羊只系武某从S省购入的波尔山羊,与武某羊场山羊密切接触的李某20只羊中,有5只感染小反刍兽疫,而其他未与武某密切接触的5户养羊户的羊群中未发现小反刍兽疫病例。调查最终确认本次小反刍兽疫疫情为通过从S省引羊所致的输入性疫情。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献