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通过RACE方法获得半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis)Hh基因家族的Shh基因,该基因全长1 922 bp,其中5′UTR 266 bp,3′UTR 360 bp,ORF1 296 bp,编码431个氨基酸,经预测该多肽的相对分子质量为47.28 k D,理论等电点6.95,具有Hh基因家族特有的保守结构域。氨基酸序列分析表明,半滑舌鳎Shh与牙鲆的同源性最高,为82%,与其他鱼类同源性为74%~81%,与非洲爪蟾的同源性为61%,与人和鼠的同源性为63%~64%。甲基化结果显示,Shh基因在1龄卵巢中的甲基化程度普遍低于雄鱼与伪雄鱼精巢。基因表达分析显示,Shh基因在胚胎期的囊胚期表达显著高于其它时期(P0.05),在雌雄成鱼8个组织器官均表达,在雌性性腺分化的关键期孵化后50 d,雌性性腺中表达量较前期升高,且显著高于同时期雄性性腺中的表达(P0.05),在雄性性腺分化的关键期80~95 d,Shh基因在雄性中的表达水平显著升高(P0.05),在8月龄、1龄及2龄雌鱼性腺中表达显著高于雄鱼与伪雄鱼。本研究表明,半滑舌鳎Shh基因在进化中高度保守,与胚胎分化、组织器官形成、雌雄性腺分化及性腺发育密切相关。 相似文献
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利用半滑舌鳎性腺转录组测序获得的StAR基因部分序列,设计RACE引物,克隆了半滑舌鳎StAR基因的cDNA序列,全长为1 294 bp,5'端UTR为132 bp,3'端UTR为310 bp,开放阅读框(ORF)为852 bp,共编码283个氨基酸。将半滑舌鳎StAR基因与其他物种StAR基因进行氨基酸同源性分析,结果显示,半滑舌鳎StAR与塞内加尔鳎、大口黑鲈、花鲈、金头鲷的同源性都达到了85%,与虹鳟、斜带石斑鱼及日本鳗鲡的同源性分别为81%、83%和76%。雌、雄鱼不同组织StAR基因的表达分析表明,StAR基因在雄鱼性腺中高表达,在雄鱼的肝脏、脑及心脏中表达量较低,而在雄鱼的其他组织中不表达;在雌鱼肠中不表达,在其他组织(卵巢、肝脏、脾脏、脑、垂体、肌肉、心脏、肾脏)中微量表达。荧光定量PCR分析不同组织与不同时期性腺表达谱表明,雄鱼性腺中StAR基因的表达量显著高于雌、雄鱼其他各组织(P0.05),提示StAR基因对雄鱼精巢发育起重要作用。雄鱼不同时期表达谱分析结果显示,StAR基因在66天前的精巢中不表达,在150天时表达量急剧增加,至2龄时表达量最高,3龄时表达量下降,说明该基因在精巢发育成熟过程中起重要作用。原位杂交结果显示,StAR基因主要在雄鱼精巢的精子细胞中表达,而在雌鱼的卵巢中不表达。研究表明,StAR基因在半滑舌鳎精巢发育中发挥作用,且可能在精子形成中发挥重要作用。 相似文献
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本研究克隆了半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis)骨形态发生蛋白4(BMP4)基因的c DNA序列,并分析其在半滑舌鳎成鱼的组织表达分布及其在早期发育阶段的定位和表达变化趋势。结果表明,半滑舌鳎BMP4基因c DNA全长为1680 bp,包括了419 bp的5′非翻译区(5′UTR)、编码403个氨基酸的1212 bp的开放阅读框(ORF)以及49 bp的3′非翻译区(3′UTR)。同源性分析和分子进化聚类分析结果显示,半滑舌鳎与已报道慈鲷科(Cichlidae)各鱼种的同源性最高,并与之共同聚为鱼类BMP4分支。BMP4 m RNA在半滑舌鳎成鱼的13个组织中具有广泛的分布,并在鳃组织中表达量最高,其次在背鳍、软骨等组织具有中等水平的表达。此外,BMP4基因在早期胚胎发育阶段(卵裂期和原肠期)具有极高水平的表达,此后其表达水平逐渐降低;但在后期仔鱼期(孵化后3日龄和4日龄),其表达水平再次升高。整体原位杂交检测结果表明,BMP4 m RNA在早期仔鱼期主要在头部及躯干前部表达;后期仔鱼BMP4基因主要在冠状幼鳍、上下颌及胸鳍处表达;进入稚鱼期后在鳃盖骨及各鳍均有表达。上述研究结果揭示了BMP4在半滑舌鳎早期骨骼发育中的重要作用,为揭示海水硬骨鱼类骨骼发生、发育的调控机制奠定了理论基础。 相似文献
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为研究HIRA基因在半滑舌鳎胚胎发育中的作用及其组织差异表达,以半滑舌鳎为研究对象,采用同源克隆策略从其精巢中分离了长度为764bp的HIRA部分cDNA序列,该片段编码254个氨基酸,具有5个wD结构域。对氨基酸进行比较发现,半滑舌鳎HIRA与比较物种的氨基酸序列具有很高的同源性,与红鳍东方纯亲缘关系最近。实时定量PCR分析发现,HIRA mRNA在多细胞期到原肠胚期的表达量较高,表明HIRA对胚胎发育起重要作用;HIRA在不同组织中表达差异显著,其中在性腺中表达最高,推测HIRA在维持性腺的功能方面有一定作用。 相似文献
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RasGRP3(Ras Guanyl nucleotide Releasing Protein 3)是一种鸟苷酸交换蛋白,差异表达的Ras GRP3蛋白在疾病发生和固有免疫中发挥着重要作用。为了探究半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis)Ras GRP3基因组成、组织表达及免疫应答特征,根据本实验室半滑舌鳎转录组数据获得的部分Ras GRP3序列,采用RACE(Rapid-Amplification of c DNA Ends)技术,克隆了Ras GRP3基因的全长,将测序结果进行氨基酸序列比对和同源性分析:半滑舌鳎Ras GRP3基因全长2756 bp,ORF(Open Reading Frame)长度为2244 bp,编码747个氨基酸;推导的半滑舌鳎Ras GRP3氨基酸序列与其他鱼类的Ras GRP3氨基酸序列相似性较高,是同源基因。采用q RT-PCR(Quantitative Real-Time PCR)方法对Ras GRP3基因在健康半滑舌鳎13种组织、鳗弧菌(Vibro anguillarum)感染后不同时间点的6种免疫组织及LPS、PGN、WGP和poly I:C 4种病原模拟物处理的半滑舌鳎外周血淋巴细胞不同时间点中的表达特征进行分析:Ras GRP3基因在健康半滑舌鳎13种组织中均有表达,其中在性腺中表达量最高,其次是肝、脑和脾,在血液中表达量最低;Ras GRP3基因在鳗弧菌感染后半滑舌鳎6种免疫组织中都表现出不同的表达趋势,其中肝和鳃中上调趋势明显,6 h比0 h上调表达倍数分别为3倍和30倍,在肠、脾、头肾和血液中6 h都出现了下调表达;Ras GRP3在4种病原模拟物处理的半滑舌鳎外周血淋巴细胞中整体上调表达,在PGN和poly I:C这2种病原模拟物刺激后表达趋势出现明显上调,在PGN刺激后24 h比0 h上调表达倍数为13倍,在poly I:C刺激后6 h比0 h上调表达8倍。结果表明,Ras GRP3基因参与了半滑舌鳎的免疫应答过程,可能在免疫调控中发挥着重要的作用。 相似文献
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采用同源克隆和末端快速扩增（RACE）方法,从半滑舌鳎脑垂体中克隆了促性腺激素α亚基（CGα）全长cDNA（GenBank序列登录号：JQ364953）.半滑舌鳎CGα基因全长685bp,其开放阅读框384bp,编码含127个氨基酸的蛋白,N端33个氨基酸为信号肽.半滑舌鳎CGα成熟肽与其他脊椎动物CGα成熟肽结构特征相似,具有10个半胱氨酸残基和两个N-糖基化位点.CGα成熟肽序列分析表明,半滑舌鳎CGα与鲽形目和鲈形目鱼类CGα同源性为60％～70％,与鲤形目鱼类CGα同源性为55％～60％.实时荧光定量RT-PCR结果表明,半滑舌鳎CGα mRNA在被检测的12个组织中均有表达,除头肾和脾脏、脾脏和肝脏间表达量差异不显著外,其他组织间表达量差异显著（P＜0.05）;CGα mRNA在垂体组织中大量表达,其次是鳃、肾脏、肌肉、卵巢和脑组织,而在心脏、头肾、肝和脾等组织中表达量很低.本研究为进一步探讨促性腺激素在半滑舌鳎繁殖生理中的作用机制奠定基础. 相似文献
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半滑舌鳎的性腺分化和温度对性别决定的影响 总被引：20，自引：2，他引：18
半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevisGünther)是近年来新开发的一种理想的增养殖对象,雌性个体生长速度比雄性快2～3倍。由于温度可影响多种鱼类的性腺分化,因而探索温度对该鱼的性别决定和性腺分化的影响,获得性逆转雄性亲本,用于培育全雌后代,具有重要的应用前景和经济效益。通过石蜡组织切片,对半滑舌鳎早期性腺分化进行组织学观察。发现在24℃饲养条件下,孵化后30 d半滑舌鳎性腺开始分化,其中具有裂隙的性腺原基未来发育为卵巢,而不具裂隙的原基未来发育为精巢。在孵化后25～100 d对半滑舌鳎进行不同温度(16℃、20℃、24℃、28℃、32℃)处理,在9月龄时利用石蜡组织切片鉴定表型性别,观察温度对性腺分化的影响,结果表明,28℃和32℃高温能显著提高群体中的雄性比例,使其分别达到69.2%和66.7%;而低温16℃和20℃对性腺分化影响不大,群体中雄性比例分别为56.5%和57.1%;24℃处理群体中雌雄个体比例接近1∶1。半滑舌鳎雌性特异的遗传性别鉴定技术也检测到高温和低温处理组出现了由基因型雌性向表型雄性逆转的雄性个体。这些结果表明温度影响了半滑舌鳎性腺分化方向。 相似文献
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为阐明生物钟相关基因在半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis)卵巢成熟过程中的作用及机制,采集性成熟半滑舌鳎不同发育期的卵巢组织提取总RNA,通过反转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)技术对5个核心生物钟基因Clock1a、Bmal1a、Cry1a、Cry2和Per2的编码区(CDS)序列进行克隆和序列分析。结果显示,Clock1a的CDS序列编码712个氨基酸,序列中有功能性结构域PASD1和PAS11。Bmal1a的CDS序列编码626个氨基酸,序列中有功能性结构域PASD3和PAS11。Cry1a和Cry2的CDS序列分别编码631个、669个氨基酸,序列中均有功能性结构域FAD7。Per2的CDS序列编码1 415个氨基酸,序列中有功能性结构域PeriodC和PAS11。通过实时荧光定量PCR (qRT-PCR)分析5个生物钟基因mRNA在性成熟半滑舌鳎卵巢不同发育期的表达特性,发现5个生物钟基因存在性腺发育周年表达规律,且在卵巢Ⅱ期和Ⅲ期相对高表达(P<0.05),在卵巢Ⅳ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ期相对低表达,这说明生物钟基因对半滑舌鳎的卵巢发育成熟起到重要的调节作用。研究结果为进一步探究生物钟基因调控半滑舌鳎卵巢发育成熟的机制提供了重要参考,为提高半滑舌鳎的繁育效率提供了理论基础。 相似文献
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从半滑舌鳎Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther脑垂体中提取总RNA,利用RT-PCR和RACE技术首次克隆得到半滑舌鳎促滤泡激素（FSH）基因全长cDNA序列。半滑舌鳎FSHcDNA全长为541bp,开放阅读框为393bp,编码130个氨基酸（GenBank序列登录号：JQ277933）。发现一个N-糖基化位点：24～27NTT。与其他脊椎动物的FSH成熟肽氨基酸序列同源性比较表明,半滑舌鳎FSH与鲽形目和鲈形目鱼类FSH同源性为42％～49％,与鲤形目和高等脊椎动物FSH同源性为27％～319/5。用MEGA4．0软件构建了NJ树,获得的进化树表明,半滑舌鳎FSH与其他鱼类FSH聚类,亲缘关系较近。实时荧光定量组织表达分析表明,FSHmRNA除在垂体中大量表达外,其他组织也有表达,尤以脑、性腺表达量较高。半滑舌鳎FSHmRNA在垂体以外组织中的广泛表达,暗示FSH可能具有广泛的生理功能。 相似文献
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Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
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Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
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In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
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Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Florence Le Gac Odile Blaise Alex Fostier Pierre-Yves Le Bail Maurice Loir Brigitte Mourot Claudine Weil 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):219-232
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations. 相似文献
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Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
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Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
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