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前言 ICP(Inductively Coupied Plasma,感应耦合等离子体)发射光谱分析法是在原子吸收光谱分析的基础上发展起来的一种新型分析技术。该技术对元素检测具有比原子吸收法更高的灵敏度。尤其对一些用原子吸收法检测灵敏度低、定量困难的元素(如:铝、锡、硅等)都能进行准确的定量分析。因此,ICP发射光谱分析技术在配合饲料、粗饲料以及饲料添加剂等的矿物质元素测定方面正在得到越来越广泛的应用。一、ICP发射光谱分析设备 ICP发射光谱分析法通过ICP使试样中的待测元素气化并激发发射原子谱线,并根据对原子谱线波长的分析或发光强度的检测进行元素的定性和定量分析。 相似文献
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随着我国畜牧业生产由粗放型向集约型转变,饲料工业蓬勃发展,各种配合饲料、浓缩饲料、预混合饲料及饲料添加剂纷纷上市. 快速、准确检测饲料及添加剂中各种营养成分,对研究饲料配方、控制产品质量都显得尤为重要.现行饲料及添加剂中营养元素如Fe、Mn、Ca、P普遍采用分光光度法、容量滴定法和原子吸收分光光度法测定,这些方法都是单元素分析,时间长,手续繁琐,试剂耗量大,而且测试范围有限,在实际工作中应用很不方便.用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)测定,灵敏度高,干扰少,动态范围宽,能用一份试液同时检测从低含量到高含量的多种元素,省时省力.我们采用增压溶样技术消解样品,以ICP-AES法同时测定饲料及添加剂中Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn、Ca、P元素含量,取得满意结果. 并对样品的预处理、元素间的干扰、分析波长的选择等进行广研究,对ICP工作条件进行了优化,并用此法测定了标准参考物质,结果与推荐值一致. 相似文献
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原子吸收光谱法测定饲料中铁、铜、锰、锌、镁5种元素是国家标准推荐方法,用来测定饲料中该5种元素含量具有快速、准确、简便等优势。但标准工作曲线的制定合理与否在很大程度上影响着测定结果的精确度。笔者在日常检测分析工作中发现,铜、锌两种元素浓度范围分别在0～8、0～1μg/mL区间制定工作曲线相对稳定,校正系数能达到要求。 相似文献
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硫酸锰广泛应用于饲料添加剂和微量肥料，由于镉对人们的身体健康危害大[1]，所以，在各类饲料和农用肥料中，对镉的含量均有明确的规定。特别是在对外贸易中，对硫酸锰中镉的要求更为严格。目前，镉的测定多采用原子吸收光谱法、光度法和极谱法[2-4]。本文经试验提出了硫酸锰中微量镉的导数极谱法直接测定法。在饲料级硫酸锰产品中镉的测定还没有国家标准分析方法时，可作为生产企业控制分析方法使用，供与同行商讨。 相似文献
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饲料添加剂是加入到配合饲料中的各种微量成分,分为营养性和非营养性两大类。矿物质(含常量矿物质元素和微量矿物质元素)添加剂是营养性添加剂的重要组成部分,适当使用可提高饲料利用率,促进畜禽生长,防治疾病,改善畜禽产品的品质。若使用不当,也能对畜禽产生急性或慢性毒害, 相似文献
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《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2006,(7):45-45
本书针对饲料安全内容，介绍了解决饲料安全采取的对策及措施，对饲料及添加剂安全质量标准、饲料加工过程中的HACCP技术、饲料添加剂安全评价规程等方面进行了全面的论述。对饲料安全检测技术，主要介绍了饲料中各种有毒有害物质、兽药、农药及转基因成分的检测方法，包括对各种重金属元素残留的分析以及对牛羊源性成分、 相似文献
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对饲料和饲料添加剂预混料产品中微量元素及其部分卫生指标的测定,国标规定均采用原子吸收光谱法测定。在原子吸收光谱分析法中,有关样品处理方法的文献资料不少,有干法灰化处理和湿法消解两类。干法灰化法可以处理取样量较大的样品（５ｇ～１０ｇ）,能将样品中的有机组分比较彻底地破坏和清除,但灰化法花费的时间较长,处理一批样品几乎要１ｄ时间,而且由于灰化温度一般至少要在４５０℃～５００℃,灰化６ｈ～８ｈ,这将会使热稳定性较低的元素Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ损失较大,影响测定结果的准确性。湿法消解法通常使用氧化性酸对样品进行消解多数资料中… 相似文献
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报道了用次灵敏线原子吸收光谱法直接测定高铜饲料添加剂(预混料)中铜的分析方法。解决了以往高铜饲料添加剂测定中,由于称样量小、稀释倍数过大所引起的分析误差。方法简便、快速、实用,且测定精度好。已广泛应用于实际饲料预混料样品的分析,获得满意结果。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献