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《上海畜牧兽医通讯》2016,(3)
本文对酶联免疫吸附技术和兽药残留检测技术的现状进行了概述,并介绍了酶联免疫吸附法在兽药残留检测中的注意事项,表明了酶联免疫吸附技术在兽药残留检测快速筛选工作中将有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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利用表面等离子谐振免疫生物传感器检测动物组织中的兽药残留 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
表面等离子谐振免疫生物传感器已成为分析生物分子特异性相互作用的有效工具.20世纪90年代已来,有几家实验室进行了应用该技术筛选检测动物组织及体液中兽药残留的研究,结果表明该方法具有快速、准确、灵敏度高和实时检测的特点,有可能作为筛选方法用于大批量样品的兽药残留检测.本文简要介绍了这种生物传感器检测动物组织及体液中兽药残留的原理及检测某些兽药残留的性能. 相似文献
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兽药、农药及生物毒素等小分子化学物质在食品、饲料或水体中的过量残留对人、动物的健康及生态环境的平衡造成一定程度的危害,因此建立一种针对上述小分子化学物质残留的快速检测方法十分必要。以抗原抗体特异性结合为基础的免疫分析技术是残留检测的常用手段,该技术的关键是制备可用来检测特异性抗原的抗体。随着对抗体结构的解析及重组DNA技术的发展,单链抗体为小分子化学物质的残留检测提供了新的技术手段。单链抗体具有分子质量小、免疫原性低、可塑性强、可批量生产等优点,具有广阔的发展空间。近年来,以单链抗体为基础建立的酶联免疫吸附法检测小分子化学物质的残留检测成为最常用的分析工具,且单链抗体的筛选策略、表达策略、突变策略及与碱性磷酸酶形成的融合蛋白等进一步提高了抗体产量、灵敏度、广谱性,并使免疫分析方法简便化,从而推进单链抗体免疫分析方法在小分子化学物质残留检测的应用。作者综述了以单链抗体为基础的免疫分析方法在兽药、农药及生物毒素等小分子化学物质方面的研究进展,以期为小分子化学物质残留检测提供参考。 相似文献
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《中国畜牧兽医》2020,(1)
兽药、农药及生物毒素等小分子化学物质在食品、饲料或水体中的过量残留对人、动物的健康及生态环境的平衡造成一定程度的危害,因此建立一种针对上述小分子化学物质残留的快速检测方法十分必要。以抗原抗体特异性结合为基础的免疫分析技术是残留检测的常用手段,该技术的关键是制备可用来检测特异性抗原的抗体。随着对抗体结构的解析及重组DNA技术的发展,单链抗体为小分子化学物质的残留检测提供了新的技术手段。单链抗体具有分子质量小、免疫原性低、可塑性强、可批量生产等优点,具有广阔的发展空间。近年来,以单链抗体为基础建立的酶联免疫吸附法检测小分子化学物质的残留检测成为最常用的分析工具,且单链抗体的筛选策略、表达策略、突变策略及与碱性磷酸酶形成的融合蛋白等进一步提高了抗体产量、灵敏度、广谱性,并使免疫分析方法简便化,从而推进单链抗体免疫分析方法在小分子化学物质残留检测的应用。作者综述了以单链抗体为基础的免疫分析方法在兽药、农药及生物毒素等小分子化学物质方面的研究进展,以期为小分子化学物质残留检测提供参考。 相似文献
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近年来,兽药特别是抗生素在畜牧生产中的应用增加,由此导致的动物性食品中兽药残留问题日益突出。兽药残留分析是复杂混合物中痕量组分的分析技术。残留分析既需要精细的微量操作手段,又需要高灵敏的痕量检测技术,难度大、仪器化程度和分析成本高,分析质量控制和分析策略(如筛选性分析、确证性分析)有特殊要求。现对兽药残留分析中分离和检测技术现状及发展动向做一简要介绍。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献