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选择11个青贮玉米品种(桂青贮1号、金岭17、济玉516、蒙青贮17272、蒙白青贮501、京科516、华亦1204、东单1331、东单1316、蒙青贮268、SN211),在通辽地区进行引种比较试验,对各品种生育进程、鲜草产量、干物质产量、籽粒产量、品质和农艺性状等进行研究。试验结果表明,鲜草产量位于前四位的是桂青贮1号、京科516、金岭17、华亦1204,且四个品种间差异不显著。该四个品种在干物质产量上与干物质产量最高的济玉516差异不显著,也就是说桂青贮1号、京科516、金岭17、华亦1204在全株鲜草产量及干物质产量方面表现优秀。且在株高、茎粗、穗数、绿叶数方面亦表现突出。京科516、金岭17、华亦1204在干物质含量、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、粗蛋白方面表现良好。通过品种筛选试验,从生物学产量、品质和农艺性状方面综合考虑,桂青贮1号、京科516、金岭17、华亦1204表现较优,适宜作为全株青贮玉米品种在通辽地区推广种植。 相似文献
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不同品种玉米农艺性状及青贮发酵品质的比较及相关性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为选出适宜山西省北部地区种植的青贮玉米（Zea mays L.）品种,对16个玉米品种的农艺性状及其全株收割后调制成的青贮饲料的青贮品质进行了比较和相关性分析。结果表明,在农艺性状方面,‘大京九26’的株高和穗位均最高,茎粗较细;绿叶数排在前三位的为‘屯玉168’、‘强盛青贮30’和‘京科青贮516’;在产量方面,‘大丰26’的鲜草产量最高;调制成青贮饲料后,除‘登海679’、‘太玉511’,其余品种的pH值均小于4.20,‘先玉1225’的淀粉含量最高;鲜草产量与茎粗、绿叶数、茎重、穗重和叶重成极显著正相关,青贮饲料的乳酸含量与绿叶数成显著正相关。综上,种植青贮玉米时,可选择茎秆粗壮,绿叶数多、穗位低的品种;粮饲兼用品种‘晋单65’、‘屯玉168’,青贮专用品种‘京科青贮516’、‘强盛青贮30’的综合表现较好,可作为青贮玉米品种在山西省北部地区推广种植。 相似文献
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21个粮饲兼用型青贮玉米在河南的品种比较试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为选出适合河南地区种植的青贮玉米品种,采用随机法对21个玉米品种(每个玉米品种5个重复)进行分区组种植,以研究其生物学产量、籽粒产量、抗倒伏性和品质,及其各农艺性状的相关关系。结果表明:1)以京科青贮932、伟科106的生物学产量和籽粒产量最高,且具有良好的抗倒伏性能。2)伟科106、京科青贮932有较高的粗蛋白、粗脂肪和淀粉含量,而中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的含量较低,品质较优。3)生物学产量与绿叶数、绿叶重、株高、茎粗和茎重、穗重呈极显著正相关,籽粒产量与绿叶数、绿叶重、茎粗和茎重、穗重呈极显著正相关,生物学产量与籽粒产量也呈极显著正相关。因此,选用绿叶多和绿叶重、茎重和茎粗、穗部产量均优且有一定植株高度的品种有利于获得高产;粗蛋白与粗脂肪、淀粉含量呈正相关。从生物学产量、籽粒产量、品质、抗倒伏性能和农艺性状方面综合考虑,京科青贮932和伟科106表现最佳,适宜作为全株青贮玉米品种和粮饲兼用品种在河南地区推广种植。 相似文献
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为发掘玉米密植增产潜力,探明耐密植玉米品种“正红6号”常规施肥下的密植效应,在川中丘陵区中江县布置田间试验,设置5.25(CK,实际生产密度)、6.00、6.75、7.50、8.25万株·hm-2 5个种植密度,研究“正红6号”不同种植密度下生长、倒伏及产量等的响应。结果表明,随种植密度增加,株高、穗位高和叶面积指数都随之增大,而茎粗随之减小;平均每增加0.75万株·hm-2,株高、穗位高分别平均增大6.47 cm、2.13 cm,最大叶面积指数平均增大0.46,茎粗平均减小0.46 mm。密植后,单株地上部干物质量下降,群体地上部干物质量增加;叶和茎鞘干物质转运量增加,茎鞘干物质转运率先增加后降低,而叶干物质转运率降低;成熟期各部位干物质分配比重为:籽粒>茎>叶>穗轴>叶鞘>苞叶,各部位对密植的响应不同。随着密度增加,倒伏率与倒折率显著增大,空秆率、穗下垂率增大,双穗率减小;穗数显著增加,穗长、穗粗、穗粒数、千粒质量和收获指数呈下降趋势,秃尖长呈上升趋势。籽粒产量随密度增加先增加后降低,7.50万株·hm-2时籽粒产量最大,相比对照显著增产38.02%。由此可知,玉米密植增大了茎秆倒伏倒折风险,在一定范围内,可以通过提高群体干物质生产力来弥补单株生产力的下降,从而获得高产。经模拟,川中丘陵区“正红6号”作为春玉米的适宜密植密度为7.94万株·hm-2。 相似文献
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青贮玉米是世界上公认的优质饲料,与“牧草之王”紫花苜蓿具有同等重要的地位和作用。为选出适合湖南汉寿地区种植的青贮玉米品种,本试验比较了7个青贮玉米品种的生产指标和营养成分,结果表明院产量最高的是渝青玉3号(90745.46 kg/hm2),最低的是双玉919(41997.90 kg/hm2);平均株高最高的是渝青玉386和秋乐368(2.65m),最低的是京科968(2.15m)。对这7个青贮玉米品种进行营养成分分析发现,渝青玉3号虽然产量最高但其粗蛋白含量较低,且中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量均较高;京科青贮516虽然产量不及渝青玉3号,但其粗蛋白含量较高,中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维均较低。 相似文献
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密度对不同类型青贮玉米饲用产量及营养价值的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
为明确不同类型青贮玉米（Zea maysL）生产的最佳群体,设置5个种植密度（4.8×104,5.85×104,6.9×104,7.95×104,9.0×104株·hm-2）,研究其对青贮型玉米科多8号和粮饲兼用型玉米陕单8806饲用产量和营养品质的影响。结果表明：青贮玉米的群体干物质产量、籽粒产量和最佳饲用营养产量的最佳适宜密度不同。籽粒产量的最佳适宜密度较低,群体干物质产量的最佳适宜密度较高,而饲用营养产量的最佳适宜密度则介于二者之间。密度对不同类型青贮玉米的营养含量影响显著,植株粗蛋白（CP）、无氮浸出物（NFE）、粗灰分（CA）的含量随密度增加呈下降趋势,粗脂肪（EE）和粗纤维（CF）的含量随密度增加呈增加趋势。而密度对玉米CP,EE,NFE,CA,CF和GE等产量的影响主要通过其籽粒和秸秆干物质产量的显著差异形成。从不同品种来看,青贮型玉米籽粒中的CP和EE产量显著低于粮饲兼用型玉米,而秸秆的CP和EE产量明显高于粮饲兼用型玉米。从玉米整体饲用营养产量来看,在陕西,青贮型玉米科多8号饲用最佳适宜密度为8.86×104株·hm-2,粮饲兼用型玉米品种陕单8806饲用最佳适宜密度为7.77×104株·hm-2。 相似文献
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为寻求青贮玉米栽培中性状改良、产量升高的新途径和新技术,在贵州松桃县九江乡试验地以青贮玉米(郑青贮1号、豫青贮23)和拉巴豆为研究材料,于青贮玉米行距间套种不同行数的拉巴豆,共设3个处理玉米不套作、一行玉米+一行拉巴豆、一行玉米+两行拉巴豆,研究多行拉巴豆套种对青贮玉米农艺性状和产量的影响。结果表明,青贮玉米行间套种两行拉巴豆时青贮玉米产量最高,郑青贮1号产量达55350.00 kg·hm-2,豫青贮23产量达75410.71 kg·hm-2;套种一行拉巴豆时株高最高,但豫青贮23的产量、株高均优于郑青贮1号,分别高达62013.89 kg·hm-2和298.99 cm;随着套种拉巴豆行数的增加郑青贮1号农艺性状指标叶长增大,叶宽和穗数减小,而豫青贮23的农艺性状指标变异正好相反;郑青贮1号套种两行拉巴豆时穗长最长达37.24 cm,而豫青贮23不套种拉巴豆时穗长最长达43.57 cm;变异分析中,两个青贮玉米品种产量和穗数均是变异较大,达到17%以上;套种两行拉巴豆时的郑青贮1号收入最高可达29335.50元·hm-2,豫青贮23收入最高可达38664.76元·hm-2,豫青贮23的经济效益要显著优于郑青贮1号。 相似文献
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种植密度对不同品种青贮玉米生物产量和品质的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
为寻求青贮玉米(Zea mays)适宜种植密度,以6个青贮玉米品种为试验材料,研究种植密度对其生物产量、农艺性状及其营养品质的影响,以期筛选出适宜种植密度下生物产量高、营养品质好、综合性状优良的青贮玉米新品种,为试验区青贮玉米生产技术提供优化依据。结果表明,生物产量随种植密度的增加而增加,6个品种高、中密度较低密度分别增产8.1%～43.0%和5.0%～19.9%,以陇青贮2号和北农青贮368增产幅度较大。随着种植密度的增大,各品种青贮玉米收获天数延长,茎粗减小,持绿性降低,其中高密度较低密度收获天数延长3.2%～10.6%,茎粗减小6.0%～22.8%,持绿性降低2.7%～3.9%。各品种青贮玉米粗脂肪含量随种植密度的增加而降低,高密度较低密度降低6.8%～13.5%;相反中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量随种植密度的增加而升高,高密度较低密度增加5.0%～8.5%和5.9%～16.2%。综合生物产量、农艺性状、品质等相关性状,在张掖地区适栽青贮玉米品种为陇青贮2号、武科青贮107和北农青贮368,其中陇青贮2号和北农青贮368适宜种植密度为7.5万株·hm~(-2),武科青贮107适宜种植密度为9万株·hm~(-2)。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献