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为快速鉴别诊断结核病(TB),本研究以GenBank登录的致病性结核分枝杆菌复合群、人型结核杆菌和牛分枝杆菌特有基因为对象,设计并合成引物及探针,建立TaqMan探针荧光定量PCR检测方法。实验结果表明,该方法对标准质控菌株反应呈阳性,对卡介苗(BCG)及其他微生物样品反应呈阴性;对结核分枝杆菌或牛分枝杆菌标准菌株的检测灵敏度可达单个菌细胞水平。对45份结核菌素PPD皮肤试验结果为阳性的临床样本进行TaqMan探针荧光定量PCR检测,36份为阳性;而对PPD检测为阴性的50份临床样本进行检测时,7份为阳性。本研究结果表明,所建立的方法可用于TB的鉴别诊断,可对由BCG接种或环境中分枝杆菌引起的PPD检测假阳性样本进行鉴别,对TB的快速检测和早期诊断具有重要意义。 相似文献
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《中国预防兽医学报》2015,(10)
为评估猪群血清中猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)中和抗体水平,本研究以原核表达的重组HP-PRRSV GP5蛋白为包被抗原,通过对反应条件进行优化,建立了检测GP5抗体的间接ELISA(r GP5-ELISA)。结果显示该方法与猪圆环病毒、猪瘟病毒、猪伪狂犬病毒、细小病毒、日本乙型脑炎病毒阳性血清均无交叉反应,具有良好的特异性。重复性试验结果显示,组内组间变异系数均小于5.3%。应用建立的r GP5-ELISA方法和IDEXX-ELISA对288份临床血清样品进行检测,结果显示两种方法具有较低的相关性(R=0.831)。中和试验(SN)结果显示,r GP5-ELISA检出阳性血清的中和效价显著高于IDEXX-ELISA(p0.01)。Western blot复检r GP5-ELISA检测呈阴性的65份猪血清样品,其中58份呈阴性、7份为阳性;而IDEXX-ELISA检测则该65份血清全部呈阳性。对比SN和western blot试验,r GP5-ELISA比商品化IDEXX-ELISA具有更高的SN抗体符合率,因而其检测结果能够更好地反映猪群血清中和抗体水平。本研究建立的方法可以用于大规模猪群PRRSV中和抗体水平评估,并为PRRS流行病学调查提供了技术支持。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2015,(19)
为了研究以弓形虫致密颗粒蛋白GRA1为抗原检测猫弓形虫感染的血清学诊断及评价,试验采用标准弓形虫抗体阳性、阴性猫血清建立ELISA方法,最终确定重组GRA1最佳蛋白包被浓度为5μg/m L、血清最佳稀释度为1∶64,用此方法对已通过MAT/IFA法共同确定的185份猫弓形虫抗体血清进行检测并评价。结果表明:应用MAT/IFA法检出阳性血清39份、阴性血清146份,而通过重组GRA1-ELISA法检出阳性血清37份、阴性血清148份,二者共同检出阳性血清33份、阴性血清142份,GRA1假阳性率为10.8%,假阴性率为4.1%。比较重组GRA1-ELISA与MAT/IFA的结果,二者不一致部分无显著性差异(P0.05);一致性部分经Kappa检验(K=0.83),一致率为94.6%。说明以重组GRA1作为包被抗原建立的ELISA方法检测效果没有弓形虫体裂解蛋白TLA好。因此,重组GRA1不是用于检测猫弓形虫感染的流行病学调查的最佳诊断抗原。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2017,(1)
为了建立区分猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)感染抗体和灭活疫苗免疫抗体的诊断方法,试验以重组表达蛋白NSP7为抗原,建立检测PRRSV抗体的NSP7-ELISA方法,并对最适反应条件进行确定,然后对猪瘟病毒、猪口蹄疫病毒、猪圆环病毒、猪伪狂犬病病毒、猪细小病毒阳性血清和采自长春市的150份血样样品进行检测。结果表明:NSP7-ELISA最佳工作条件为NSP7抗原的最适包被浓度2.0μg/m L,血清稀释度1∶40,酶标抗体的工作浓度1∶5 000,以5%脱脂奶粉封闭过夜;猪瘟病毒等5种猪常见病毒感染阳性血清的检测结果均为阴性;在150份血清样本检测中,敏感性、特异性和符合率分别为88.1%(37/42)、90.7%(98/108)、90.0%(135/150)。说明建立的方法具有良好的特异性和敏感性,可用于区分PRRSV感染抗体和灭活疫苗免疫抗体。 相似文献
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本实验克隆、表达了牛结核早期分泌靶抗原蛋白6（ESAT-61抗原,建立了ESAT-6酶联免疫吸附检测方法（ELISA）。同时应用牛结核提纯菌素（PPD）ELISA和ESAT-6-ELISA对采自疫区的641头牛和非疫区的324头牛进行检测,其中PPD-ELISA检测中,疫区有581头阳性牛,阳性率为90．64％,非疫区有2头阳性牛,阳性率为0、62％;ESAT-6-ELISA检测中,疫区有567头阳性牛,阳性率为88．45％,非疫区没有阳性牛。对采自疫区的23例变态反应阳性牛和非疫区的7例变态反应阳性牛进行检测,其中PPD-ELISA检测中,疫区有20头为阳性。与变态反应的符合率为86．90％,非疫区有1头为阳性,与变态反应的符合率为14％;在ESAT-6-ELISA检测中,疫区有18头为阳性,与变态反应的符合率为78．30％,非疫区没有阳性。这些结果表明：ESAT-6-ELISA的敏感性要低于PPD-ELISA;牛结核ELISA在非疫区应用效果较差,在疫区更具有应用价值。 相似文献
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以猪瘟野毒E2蛋白为包被抗原、辣根过氧化物酶标记的猪瘟野毒单抗作为酶标抗体,建立检测猪瘟野毒抗体的阻断ELISA方法。猪瘟野毒E2最适包被浓度为0.03μg/mL,待检血清最适稀释度为1∶4,酶标猪瘟野毒单抗稀释度为1∶1 000。用建立的阻断ELISA方法检测369份临床阴性血清,计算阻断率,确定临界值,阻断率>40%为猪瘟野毒抗体阳性,阻断率≤40%为猪瘟野毒抗体阴性。用建立的ELISA方法检测84份血清,其中78份为免疫猪瘟疫苗的血清,6份为猪瘟病毒感染血清。结果显示,78份免疫血清均检测为猪瘟野毒抗体阴性,6份猪瘟感染血清均检测为猪瘟野毒抗体阳性。因此可初步判定该方法可用于鉴别诊断猪瘟病毒自然感染动物和C株疫苗免疫动物的血清抗体,并为临床检测猪瘟野毒抗体提供便捷、快速,精准的检测工具,对猪瘟的临床诊断、预防以及猪瘟净化工作具有非常重要的参考意义。 相似文献
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为分析河北部分地区不同猪场、不同阶段猪圆环病毒病2型(PCV-2)的感染情况。采集血清样品248份,采用PCV抗体诊断试剂盒(PCV-2-ELISA)检测其抗体水平及其阳性率。结果显示,采集的248份血清样品中,PCV-2抗体阳性216份,阳性率为87.1%,其中断奶仔猪PCV-2抗体阳性率为93.9%,后备猪PCV-2抗体阳性率88.0%,经产母猪PCV-2抗体阳性率84.1%;1～3胎母猪PCV-2抗体阳性率最高,分别为94.1%、91.3%、90.9%;4～6胎母猪PCV-2抗体阳性率分别为87.9%、84.2%、75.0%。该地区PCV-2感染率较高,免疫效果较差,该研究为该地区的猪PCV-2的防控提供研究基础。 相似文献
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利用纯化的猪细小病毒VP2蛋白为抗原,建立检测猪细小病毒血清抗体的间接VP2-ELISA。最佳反应条件为:抗原包被浓度300 ng/孔,4℃过夜,待检测血清1:50稀释。与猪细小病毒病阳性血清呈阳性反应,与猪瘟、猪伪狂犬病、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征、猪日本脑炎和猪圆环病毒病等5种疾病的阳性血清均无交叉反应。批间、批内试验变异系数均小于10%。用该方法与Ceditest PPV猪细小病毒抗体检测试剂盒对102份血清进行平行检测和比较,间接VP2-ELISA的敏感性为93.8%,特异性为81.1%,符合率为89.2%。结果表明,猪细小病毒血清抗体间接VP2-ELISA检测方法具有较高的敏感性和特异性,且重复性好,可用于猪细小病毒感染的血清抗体检测。 相似文献
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为了获得血清4型禽腺病毒(fowl adenovirus serotype 4,FAdV-4)fiber-1重组表达蛋白,并建立快速鉴别检测方法,本试验将FAdV-4 fiber-1基因连入pET-32a表达载体,转化BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,将测序正确的重组蛋白经IPTG诱导表达、纯化和Western blot鉴定。以纯化的pET-32a-fiber-1重组蛋白作为ELISA包被抗原,优化反应条件,建立了检测FAdV-4抗体的fiber-1-ELISA方法。结果成功表达pET-32a-fiber-1蛋白,证实可与FAdV-4阳性血清特异性结合,具有良好的反应原性。特异性结果显示,除FAdV-4与FAdV-10外,与其他病原的抗体无交叉反应;阳性血清稀释1 600倍仍可检测到,批内和批间最大变异系数均小于10%。检测了176份临床样品,75份为阳性,101份为阴性。fiber-1-ELISA方法易于操作,特异性强,重复性好,为FAdV-4抗体监测提供了有效方法。 相似文献
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乙脑病毒非结构蛋白NS1的原核表达及重组蛋白间接ELISA方法的初步建立 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
克隆表达乙脑病毒非结构蛋白NS1,并以其作为包被抗原,建立间接ELISA诊断方法。用此方法分别检测猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪瘟病毒(CSFV)及猪圆环病毒(PCV)阳性血清各3份,以及33份健康非免疫仔猪血清和205份乙型脑炎灭活疫苗免疫的猪血清,评价NS1-ELISA方法的特异性。取54份乙脑病毒感染的猪血清进行NS1-ELISA检测,评价该方法的敏感性。NS1-ELISA检测的特异性为95%,敏感性达90.7%。与商品化试剂盒比较,其符合率达到96.0%。在重复性试验中,NS1-ELISA检测方法重复性较好。本试验为进一步研究不同感染时期NS1抗体水平的差异奠定基础。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献