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为探讨中药及益生素替代抗生素应用于文昌鸡的临床效果,选用1日龄雌性文昌鸡2.7万只,随机分成2组,每组3个重复,每个重复4 500只。基础日粮中添加0.02‰的维吉尼亚霉素作为抗生素组,基础日粮中添加0.5%的3个中药复方和0.02%的益生素作为中药益生素组,试验期135d,测定不同日龄文昌鸡生长性能、血生化及血液学指标。结果显示,在整个试验期间,中药益生素组的死亡和淘汰率低于抗生素组,体质量高于抗生素组(P>0.05),并在文昌鸡100日龄时呈显著性差异(P<0.05);中药益生素组的白细胞数在85日龄时显著高于抗生素组(P<0.05),红细胞数在70,85日龄时显著高于抗生素组(P<0.05);日粮中添加中药和益生素在100日龄显著提高血清总蛋白的含量(P<0.05),100,115,135日龄中药益生素组的白蛋白含量均显著高于抗生素组(P<0.05);谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性整体上未见明显变化。结果表明,鸡日粮中添加0.5%的中药复方Ⅰ和0.02%的益生素能明显降低死亡率和淘汰率;日粮中添加0.5%的中药复方Ⅲ和0.02%的益生素的促生长作用优于抗生素;日粮中添加3种复方中药及益生素对文昌鸡的血液生理学指标和血生化指标无不良影响;中药复方Ⅱ中的组合仍要进行调整。 相似文献
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益生素对肉仔鸡生长性能、屠体性状及肉品质的影响 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
本文旨在研究饲粮中使用益生素(乳酸菌CAU6001)对肉仔鸡生长性能、屠体性状及肉品质的影响。试验选择360只健康1日龄的商品代AA肉仔鸡,随机分成对照组、抗生素组和益生素组,每组4个重复,每个重复30只鸡。试验期42 d。对照组饲喂基础日粮,抗生素组饲喂基础日粮 100 mg/kg金霉素,益生素组饲喂基础日粮 0.5%乳酸菌发酵液。结果表明:(1)益生素对肉仔鸡各阶段日增重和料肉比无显著性影响,抗生素对日增重有一定促进作用,其中2~4周龄阶段差异显著(P<0.05);(2)益生素能显著提高肉仔鸡胸肌率(P<0.05),与对照组和抗生素组相比分别提高了7.15%和4.38%;(3)通过对42日龄肉品质分析,发现益生素对肌肉肉色的a*值和b*值显著提高(P<0.05),极显著提高鸡脚颜色(P<0.01),分别比对照组和抗生素组提高9.5和8.9个罗氏比色单位;(4)益生素组C16∶1显著高于对照组(P<0.05),C20∶3显著高于抗生素组(P<0.05),校正肌苷酸含量高出对照组和抗生素组10.04%和8.48%(P<0.05),益生素对胸肌中多数氨基酸含量起到显著影响,并且部分人体必需氨基酸和风味氨基酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究日粮中添加合生元对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及经济效益的影响。选用1080只265日龄的正大褐蛋鸡,随机分为6个处理组,每个处理组6个重复,每个重复30只。试验1组为对照组,饲喂玉米—豆粕型基础日粮,试验2~6组在基础日粮中分别添加0.05%、0.1%、0.2%、0.5%和1%合生元,试验期为60 d。结果表明,与对照组相比,试验3、4和5组料蛋比分别降低了6.96(P<0.05)、7.33%(P<0.05)和8.06%(P<0.05),产蛋率分别提高4.05%(P<0.05)、3.54%(P<0.05)和6.17%(P<0.05);试验5组的蛋壳厚度、蛋壳色泽、蛋壳强度和哈氏单位分别提高了5.85%(P<0.05)、6.50%(P<0.05)、15.49%(P<0.05)和2.52%(P<0.05)。因此,0.5%合生元在改善蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质方面具有显著的效果。 相似文献
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益生素及其与寡糖合用对清远麻鸡生长性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验选择90只1日龄清远麻鸡随机分成三组,每组30只,对照组A喂饲基础日粮,试验组B1在基础日粮中添加0.2%的益生素、B2在基础日粮中添加0.2%的益生素和0.3%的寡糖。结果表明:B1组和B2组均可提高雏鸡的平均日增量和饲料报酬,与A组差异显著(P<0.05),B1组与B2组两者差异不显著(P>0.05)。B1组和B2组的死亡率明显低于A组。 相似文献
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为研究中草药合生元对早期断奶仔猪生产性能及饲料养分表观消化率的影响,试验采用主成分分析法,选取72头28日龄断奶的杜×长×大三元断奶仔猪,按体重、性别随机分为8组,每组3个重复,分别饲喂添加益生素(0.5%)与不同中药配方、不同比例(0.1%、0.3%、0.5%)组成的合生元日粮。试验结果表明:日粮中添加合生元可显著提高其日增重(P<0.05),改善饲料利用效率(P<0.05),其中日增重各试验组比对照组分别提高15.16%、23.54%、34.09%、24.42%、41.59%、37.94%;在DE、CP、Ca、P及NDF的利用率方面,各试验组中以试验Ⅴ组最优,分别比对照组提高了14.14%(P<0.01)、5.91%(P<0.05)、9.97%(P<0.01)、11.10%(P<0.01)和8.00%(P<0.01)。在EE和ADF的利用率方面,各试验组中以试验Ⅲ组最优,分别比对照组提高了12.30%(P<0.05)、5.33%(P<0.01)。 相似文献
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多菌种复合益生素对三黄鸡的生产性能以及肠道主要菌群的影响 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
研究多菌种复合菌益生素对三黄鸡的生产性能和肠道主要菌群的影响。试验选用1560只1日龄的广西岑溪三黄肉仔鸡,随机分成2组,每组780只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组日粮由基础日粮加0.1%的益生素组成。饲养时间为6周。试验结果表明:全期试验组的平均日增重比对照组高12.58%(P<0.01),料重比比对照组低9.23%(P<0.05);试验结束时,雏鸡空肠和盲肠大肠杆菌数量分别比对照组低27.61%(P<0.05)和25.57%(P<0.05),乳酸菌数量分别比对照组高16.12%(P>0.05)和11.28%(P>0.05)。 相似文献
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试验将200只1日龄体重相近的健康雏鹅(扬州鹅),随机分为5个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复10只鹅。对照组饲喂基础日粮,处理Ⅰ组添加0.6 g/kg抗生素,处理Ⅱ～Ⅳ组分别添加1、2、3 g/kg复合益生菌。研究基础日粮添加抗生素及不同水平益生菌制剂对雏鹅生产性能、营养物质利用率的影响。试验结果表明:抗生素及不同水平益生菌制剂均可显著提高雏鹅日增重(P<0.05),其中2 g/kg益生素添加组仔鹅日增重在不同日龄阶段均不同程度高于其他试验组;与对照组相比,各试验组16～30日龄采食量均显著增加(P<0.05);与对照组相比,各试验组料重比均呈降低趋势,但差异不显著(P<0.05);抗生素及不同水平益生菌制剂均可显著提高能量代谢率及粗蛋白质消化率(P<0.05),其中2 g/kg益生素添加组干物质、粗蛋白质、粗纤维消化率及能量代谢率均显著高于对照组,分别较对照组提高8.98%、14.14%、18.54%、11.48%(P<0.05)。 相似文献
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以断奶仔貂为试验对象,研究低聚木糖和芽孢杆菌复合而成的合生素对水貂生产性能和免疫能力的影响。试验分为益生菌组、益生元组和合生素组,分别饲喂添加有0.05%芽孢杆菌制剂、0.05%低聚木糖和0.05%合生素的基础日粮,周期为90 d。研究发现,与对照组、益生菌组、益生元组相比,合生素组水貂平均日增重显著升高(P0.05),料重比显著降低(P0.05);合生素组水貂成活率显著高于对照组(P0.05),腹泻病发病率也显著低于对照组(P0.05)。长期饲喂合生素的水貂血液总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白水平显著提高(P0.05),血液总胆固醇显著降低(P0.05)。长期饲喂合生素的水貂粪便大肠杆菌数量显著低于对照组(P0.05),乳酸杆菌数量高于对照组、益生菌组、益生元组(P0.05)。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2020,(9)
为了探讨益生素在白羽半番鸭生产中的应用效果,试验选取健康的1日龄白羽半番鸭120只,随机分为四组,Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组为试验组,分别在基础日粮中添加0.05%、0.10%、0.15%的益生素,进行饲喂试验,试验期70 d,70日龄屠宰,进行生长性能和屠宰性能测定,并测定21日龄和56日龄的免疫器官指数。结果表明:42日龄至出栏时,添加0.10%或0.15%的益生素组,白羽半番鸭的体重比对照组高,差异显著(P0.05),添加0.05%组与对照组差异不显著(P0.05);在22～42日龄和57～70日龄时,饲料中添加0.10%或0.15%的益生素,日绝对生长量均比对照组高且差异显著(P0.05),添加0.05%组与对照组无显著差异(P0.05);益生素组的饲料转化比低于对照组;各试验组的屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、腿肌率、胸肌率、腹脂率差异不显著(P0.05);21日龄和56日龄,添加不同比例益生素组的胸腺指数、法氏囊指数、脾脏指数比对照组高且差异显著(P0.05)。说明饲料中添加益生素可提高白羽半番鸭的免疫器官指数,降低饲料转化比,但对屠宰性能指标无显著影响;添加0.10%或0.15%益生素时可提高生长后期日绝对生长量、出栏重。综合考虑,益生素在饲料中的添加适宜比例为0.10%。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献