共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 334 毫秒
1.
为探索猪瘟疫苗首次和二次免疫的最佳时间,对淮阳某规模化猪场7头母猪及其各自哺乳仔猪的猪瘟抗体水平进行检测.通过猪瘟IHA试验,发现试验母猪和仔猪的猪瘟抗体水平均较高,仔猪到42日龄时猪瘟母源抗体水平才不能有效保护仔猪.因此,35日龄左右时对仔猪进行猪瘟首免,可以有效减少猪瘟母源抗体对疫苗免疫的干扰,为猪场免疫程序的制订提供参考. 相似文献
2.
3.
《中国动物传染病学报》2015,(3)
为探索川藏黑猪和长白猪的猪瘟免疫方法,本研究采用猪瘟阻断ELISA对0、1、4、7、10、20、25、30、35日龄时川藏黑猪与长白猪仔猪的猪瘟母源抗体水平进行了检测。结果显示,川藏黑猪仔猪和长白猪仔猪出生后哺母乳前的猪瘟母源抗体均为0,哺母乳后d1,猪瘟母源抗体分别为210和28.2,合格率分别为100%和87%。4日龄和7日龄时,川藏黑猪仔猪的猪瘟母源抗体仍为≥210,合格率100%;长白猪仔猪的猪瘟母源抗体为28.4和27.4,合格率100%和83%;随后川藏黑猪仔猪的猪瘟母源抗体呈下降趋势,35日龄达到保护临界值(24.0);长白猪仔猪的猪瘟母源抗体下降更迅速,25日龄时其母源抗体水平已达临界值(24.0)。检测结果表明无论是母源抗体水平还是母源抗体持续时间,川藏黑猪与长白猪仔猪之间有较大差异,川藏黑猪仔猪猪瘟疫苗的首免时间应为35日龄,而长白猪仔猪猪瘟疫苗的首免时间应为25日龄。 相似文献
4.
选择广东梅州地区3个规模化猪场A、B、C场,通过采用ELISA抗体检测法对产后母猪进行0、7、14、21 d猪瘟抗体检测,对新生仔猪进行0、1、7、14、21、28、35、42、49日龄猪瘟母源抗体检测,研究其消长规律,据此确定仔猪的首免日龄,通过二免后免疫效果的观察,制定有针对性的免疫程序。结果表明:未吃初乳的0日龄仔猪无母源抗体,7日龄仔猪母源抗体较高,之后逐渐降低,A猪场猪瘟母源抗体对21日龄仔猪仍有保护,随后母源抗体水平骤减;B猪场和C猪场猪瘟母源抗体对35日龄仔猪仍有保护,随后母源抗体水平骤减;而且母源抗体对仔猪保护持续时间和母猪自身的抗体呈正相关。确定3个猪场不同的首免时间,首免后30 d进行二免,其较高的免疫抗体水平可以维持到二免后4个月,因此生产中建议应根据科学的监测跟踪依据,制定合理的首免日期,以有效保护仔猪免受猪瘟的威胁。 相似文献
5.
为制订合理的猪瘟免疫程序,本研究采用正向间接血凝试验(IHA)对某规模化猪场进行猪瘟免疫监测和分析。结果表明:猪瘟母源抗体的合格率、抗体效价平均值均存在随着仔猪日龄的增长而呈逐渐下降的趋势;35 d～40 d仔猪母源抗体的合格率达78.79%、抗体平均效价为5.97 Log2;仔猪35 d～40 d实施猪瘟首免,其一免抗体合格率和抗体效价均比20 d首免有所提高;同一窝仔猪的猪瘟母源抗体,有11%窝次的猪差距在3个～8个滴度;母猪猪瘟免疫抗体的合格率,一胎母猪稍低,其它经产母猪基本接近;猪瘟抗体效价的平均值随胎龄增加而升高,并且抗体的离散度则随胎龄增加而缩小。因此,在母猪实施与仔猪同时免疫的猪场,40日龄左右是较佳的首免日期。 相似文献
6.
调查某规模化生猪养殖场种猪猪瘟抗体水平和仔猪母源抗体消退情况,为评估猪瘟疫苗的免疫效果和确定仔猪猪瘟疫苗的首免日龄提供科学参考。本试验使用猪瘟病毒阻断ELISA抗体检测试剂盒对某规模化生猪养殖场种猪及3头抗体水平合格母猪所产并且未经过猪瘟疫苗免疫的仔猪进行抗体检测。结果显示:公猪和后备母猪的猪瘟抗体合格率均为100%;经产母猪的猪瘟抗体合格率为98%。5、10、15、20、25、30、35、40日龄仔猪抗体合格率分别为100%、100%、100%、100%、100%、96%、68%、20%。根据母源抗体的消退情况,仔猪猪瘟的最佳首免时间为35日龄。 相似文献
7.
8.
猪瘟母源抗体在仔猪体内持续时间的研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
仔猪吮吸免疫猪瘟疫苗母猪的初乳后,监测母源抗体在仔猪体内的消长规律,以探索仔猪猪瘟疫苗最佳首免日龄.试验选择3个场共12头母猪,产前136～140天进行猪瘟兔化弱毒(细胞苗)疫苗接种,4毫升/头.通过猪瘟抗体酶联免疫吸附试验(竞争性ELISA)检测其所产仔猪7、14、21、28、35和42日龄时血清中抗体水平.结果发现,3个猪场试验仔猪母源抗体下降幅度不一,甲场第28天降到最低,丙场第21天降到最低,之后其抗体水平均出现升高现象.但3个猪场之间不同日龄仔猪抗体水平差异较大. 相似文献
9.
为了找到适合本场合理的商品猪猪瘟疫苗免疫程序,通过测定21日龄保育猪猪瘟母源抗体水平,再根据保育猪猪瘟母源抗体水平高低进行分组。低抗体水平组(试验组)在35日龄进行首次免疫加56日龄第二次免疫,并在二免之后21 d(77日龄)再补免一针;高抗体水平组(对照组)则在42日龄首次免疫加63日龄第二次免疫。通过ELISA方法对一免后15 d,二免后15 d、30 d、45 d、60 d及150日龄试验猪群进行猪瘟特异性抗体监测。结果显示,试验组和对照组猪瘟疫苗二免之后抗体水平均较好,但是试验组的猪瘟抗体相对比对照组好。由此得出,猪瘟整体抗体水平较低的场可将商品猪猪瘟首免时间提前,抗体水平较高的场可将猪瘟首免时间推后,即21日龄仔猪猪瘟母源抗体平均阻断率低于32%的仔猪群可将首免时间提前至21日龄至35日龄,进行3针免疫,猪瘟免疫效果更好。21日龄仔猪猪瘟母源抗体平均阻断率在44%以上,可将首免时间推迟至42日龄,免疫两针,到出栏前150日龄猪瘟阳性率能达到68%。 相似文献
10.
农六师垦区规模场和散养户猪瘟母源抗体消长试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为制定科学的仔猪猪瘟免疫程序,以规模化养猪场和散养户中经猪瘟疫苗免疫后母猪所产仔猪为研究对象,利用正向问接血凝试验对其猪瘟母源抗体消长情况进行检测。结果表明：仔猪通过母乳获得被动免疫保护,在7日龄母源抗体达到高峰;规模场仔猪7-28日龄保护率在70％以上,35日龄保护率下降到63．2％,42日龄时仍然有7头仔猪有保护力;散养户仔猪7～21日龄保护率在70％以上,到28日龄下降至60％,42日龄时基本无保护。因此,规模化猪场仔猪猪瘟疫苗的最佳首免时间为28～35日龄,散养户仔猪的最佳首免时间为2l～25日龄。 相似文献
11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
13.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
14.
Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
15.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
16.
B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
17.
Troxel MT Vite CH Van Winkle TJ Newton AL Tiches D Dayrell-Hart B Kapatkin AS Shofer FS Steinberg SA 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):850-859
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma. 相似文献
18.
Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
19.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献