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牛至油对肉鸡肠道微生物菌群的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
选用100只1日龄AA肉鸡,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组2个重复,每重复25只.对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加100mg/kg的10%牛至油预混剂,连续饲喂30天.每组随机抽取10只鸡,测定空肠和盲肠的大肠杆菌、乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的数量.结果表明:试验组与对照组比较,空肠中乳酸杆菌数量增加(P＜0.05),双歧杆菌和大肠杆菌数量变化不显著(P＞0.05);盲肠中双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌数量增加(P＜0.05),大肠杆菌数量下降(P＜0.05).结论:牛至油可以改善肉鸡肠道微生物菌群结构. 相似文献
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异麦芽低聚糖对早期断奶仔猪肠道主要菌群的影响 总被引：35，自引：1，他引：34
选择28日龄断奶仔猪54头 ,随机分为9组 ,分别施以3种不同日粮 ,每种日粮处理组分3个重复。3组日粮分别为添加0.50 %异麦芽低聚糖(IMO组)、110mg/kg 阿散酸(抗生素组)和空白对照组。各组基础日粮相同。分别于35和42日龄从各组选3头仔猪屠宰 ,以测定盲肠、结肠主要菌群(大肠杆菌、乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌)浓度。试验结果表明 ,添加IMO组盲肠、结肠大肠杆菌浓度显著(P<0.05)低于对照组 ,而乳酸杆菌浓度显著高于对照组和抗生素组(P<0.05) ,双歧杆菌浓度高于对照组 ,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。添加抗生素组盲肠大肠杆菌浓度显著(P<0.05)低于对照组 ,乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌浓度低于或显著(P<0.05)低于I MO组和对照组 相似文献
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糖萜素对育成期贵妃鸡生长性能、肠道微生物区系和肉质的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采取单因素试验设计,选取80只健康的8周龄贵妃鸡,随机分为4个处理,每个处理设4个重复,每个重复5只鸡.预试期4 d,试验期为56 d,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别在基础日粮中添加0%、0.04%、0.06%和0.08%的糖萜素.观察不同剂量的糖萜素对贵妃鸡生长、肠道微生物区系和肉质的影响.结果表明,日粮中添加糖萜素,试验1、2、3组的平均日增重分别比对照组提高18.04%(P＜0.05)、12.59%(P＞0.05)和7.41%(P＞0.05);平均料重比分别比对照组降低7.56%(P＜0.05)、7.84%(P＜0.05)和4.36%(P＜0.05).与对照组比较,试验1、2组贵妃鸡肠道中大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的数量显著降低(P＜0.05),乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的数量显著提高(P＜0.05),试验3组的大肠杆菌、乳酸杆菌和双歧杆的数量与对照组没有显著差异(P＞0.05).添加糖萜素对贵妃鸡胸肌pH值、腿肌pH值及肌肉的滴水损失没有显著影响(P＞0.05);显著降低了肌肉干物质、粗脂肪含量(P＜0.05),显著提高了试验2组肌肉的粗蛋白含量(P＜0.05).表明在育成期贵妃鸡日粮中添加0.06%的糖萜素比较适宜. 相似文献
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抗球虫中药制剂对肉鸡肠道微生物的影响研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
采用180只1日龄肉仔鸡随机分为5组,分别为对照组(第1组)、0.2%中宝杀球散组(第2组)、0.4%中宝杀球散组(第3组)、0.2%中草药+1 mg/kg地克珠利组(第4组)、0.4%中草药+1 mg/kg地克珠利组(第5组)研究抗球虫中药对肉鸡肠道微生物的影响.试验期为6周.结果表明,第3、4、5组肉鸡盲肠中大肠杆菌数量显著低于对照组(P＜0.05),盲肠的乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌及回肠、空肠的大肠杆菌、乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌均差异不显著(P＞0.05).综合结果推荐添加0.4%中宝杀球散. 相似文献
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本试验研究了4种寡糖对健康艾维茵肉仔鸡肠道微生态的影响.选用健康艾维茵肉仔鸡20只,随机分为5个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复1只鸡,进行为期40 d的饲养试验.试验第1组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,第2、3、4、5组为基础日粮中分别添加同一水平糖量(0.015％)的低聚异麦芽糖组(GOS)、低聚木糖组(XOs)、果寡糖组(FOS)、甘露寡糖组(MOS).饲喂40 d后,研究寡糖对内仔鸡盲肠微生物(乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌、大肠杆菌)数量的影响.结果表明,各种低聚糖能显著降低肉仔鸡盲肠微生物中大肠杆菌的数量(P＜0.05),其中XOS能显著提高盲肠微生物中双歧杆菌与大肠杆菌的比值,显示出良好的促进双歧杆菌增值的作用;MOS能显著提高盲肠微生物中乳酸杆菌与大肠杆菌的比值,显示出良好的促进乳酸杆菌增值的作用. 相似文献
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黄芪多糖对三黄肉鸡生长性能及肠道菌群的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究饲粮中添加不同水平黄芪多糖对三黄肉鸡生长性能及肠道菌群的影响，试验选用健康且体重相近的1日龄三黄肉仔鸡90只，随机分为3组，每组10个重复，每个重复3只。以无任何抗生素添加的玉米-豆粕型饲粮为基础饲粮，各组分别在基础饲粮中添加0（对照组）、0.3％（试验1组）和0.6％（试验2组）的黄芪多糖，试验期56 d。结果表明：（1）饲粮中添加不同水平的黄芪多糖，可显著提高三黄肉鸡生长性能，在28日龄和56日龄时，试验组体重显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）；（2）试验1组盲肠中大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的数量显著低于对照组（P＜0.05），乳杆菌和双歧杆菌数量显著高于对照组（P＜0.05），试验2组盲肠中大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌数量极显著低于对照组（P＜0.01），乳杆菌和双歧杆菌数量极显著高于对照组（P＜0.01）。由此可见，饲料中添加黄芪多糖可以提高三黄鸡生长性能，优化肠道微生物区系，且黄芪多糖添加量为0.6％效果最明显。 相似文献
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选取450只1日龄仙湖肉鸭,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复50只鸭。其中对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组在基础日粮中分别添加0.05%和0.1%酵母培养物,试验期为42d。试验结果表明:与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组体重提高4.3%,平均日增重提高4.4%,料肉比下降4.9%,差异显著(P0.05)。盲肠中乳酸杆菌数量提高63.6%,双歧杆菌数量提高2.1倍,大肠杆菌数量减少20倍,差异极显著(P0.01);试验Ⅰ组生长性能优于对照组(P0.05),盲肠中乳酸杆菌数量提高54.5%,双歧杆菌数量提高2.1倍,大肠杆菌数量减少1倍,差异极显著(P0.01)。肉鸭空肠中菌群结构与盲肠中结果一致。 相似文献
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包被酸化剂对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、消化道内环境及血清生化指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《动物营养学报》2016,(2)
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同剂量包被酸化剂对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、消化道内环境及血清生化指标的影响。选取1日龄体重相近的健康黄羽肉鸡300只,随机分为4个组,每组5个重复,每个重复15只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.1%、0.3%、0.5%包被酸化剂的试验饲粮。试验期63 d。结果表明:1)0.1%、0.3%、0.5%包被酸化剂组的末重、体增重均极显著高于对照组(P0.01)。2)0.3%包被酸化剂组胸肌率、腿肌率均显著高于对照组(P0.05);0.3%包被酸化剂组十二指肠及0.5%包被酸化剂组腺胃p H显著低于对照组(P0.05);0.3%包被酸化剂组十二指肠胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶活性及盲肠乳酸菌数量显著高于对照组(P0.05),大肠杆菌数量显著低于对照组(P0.05)。3)0.1%包被酸化剂组碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性显著高于对照组(P0.05),尿素氮含量则显著低于对照组(P0.05);0.3%包被酸化剂组AKP、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及总抗氧化能力显著高于对照组(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加包被酸化剂能够改善黄羽肉鸡生长性能,降低肠道p H,提高消化酶活性,改善微生物区系组成及血清生化指标,适宜添加量为0.3%。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献