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本试验旨在探讨蚯蚓粉取代鱼粉对肉鸡的血脂指标和抗氧化性能的影响,为蛋白质饲料资源的开发利用提供试验依据。选择1日龄艾维茵肉仔鸡120只,采用单因子试验设计,随机分为4组,即基础组(0%鱼粉+0%蚯蚓粉)、蚯蚓粉组(0%鱼粉+5%蚯蚓粉)、混合组(3%鱼粉+2%蚯蚓粉)和鱼粉组(5%鱼粉+0%蚯蚓粉)。每个处理3个重复,每个重复10只鸡(公母各半)。试验期49d,其中试验预饲14d,正式试验期(15～49d)。试验结果显示,混合组总胆固醇(TC)显著低于对照组20.49%(P0.05),蚯蚓粉可降低甘油三脂(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C),提高高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C),但效果不明显;蚯蚓粉具有增高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的作用,而对总抗氧化能力(AOC)影响不大。 相似文献
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《饲料研究》2021,(4)
试验旨在研究饲用桑茎叶粉对肉兔生产性能、血清生化指标和肉品质的影响。采用单因素试验设计,选择健康、体重接近的新西兰肉兔100只,随机分为4组(每组5个重复,每个重复5只)。对照组肉兔饲喂基础日粮,5%、10%和15%试验组分别用5%、10%、15%的桑叶粉代替基础日粮。预试期7 d,正式试验期60 d。结果显示,试验组肉兔平均日增重显著低于对照组(P0.05),试验组肉兔料重比显著高于对照组(P0.05)。15%试验组肉兔全净膛率和半净膛率显著高于对照组(P0.05)。试验组肌肉pH值显著高于对照组(P0.05),5%试验组肌肉蛋白质含量显著高于对照组(P0.05),10%试验组肌肉脂肪含量显著高于对照组(P0.05),15%试验组在肉色L*、a*、b*显著高于对照组(P0.05)。试验组肉兔血清总胆固醇的含量低于对照组,血清中免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、补体C3、补体C4含量高于对照组。试验组肌肉氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸含量、风味氨基酸含量高于对照组,10%试验组和15%试验组于对照组间差异显著(P0.05),10%试验组不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结果表明,饲粮中添加10%～15%饲料桑茎叶粉能提高兔肉肌肉中风味物质的含量,改善肉品质。 相似文献
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试验旨在探究饲粮中添加籽粒苋茎叶粉和复合酶制剂对白羽肉鸡屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。将216只1日龄白羽肉鸡随机分为3组,每组8个重复,每个重复9只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验期42 d。0～21 d,试验1组饲喂基础饲粮+9%籽粒苋茎叶粉,试验2组饲粮饲喂基础饲粮+9%籽粒苋茎叶粉+复合酶制剂;22～42 d,试验1组饲喂基础饲粮+15%籽粒苋茎叶粉,试验2组饲喂基础饲粮+15%籽粒苋茎叶粉+复合酶制剂。试验结束时每个重复随机选取1只鸡屠宰,测定42日龄白羽肉鸡屠宰性能、肉品质和肌肉中营养成分。结果表明：(1)与对照组相比,试验1组肉鸡的屠宰率显著提高（P<0.05）;试验1、2组肉鸡半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率和腹脂率均无显著变化（P>0.05）。(2)试验2组的胸肌L*值显著低于对照组（P<0.05）;与对照组相比,试验1组可以肉鸡的胸肌pH显著提高（P<0.05）。(3)试验2组的腿肌粗蛋白显著高于对照组（P<0.05）;试验1、2组对肉鸡胸肌的水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪,腿肌的水分和粗脂肪均无显著变化（P>0.05）。总体来说,肉鸡饲粮中添加籽... 相似文献
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酵母蛋白饲料和鱼粉对断奶仔猪生产性能影响的比较研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
试验采用单因子设计,在保证营养水平相同的情况下,共设5种日粮,其中包括对照组(基础日粮)、鱼粉组(基础日粮+2.5%鱼粉)、酵母组(基础日粮+2.5%酵母)、酵母去酶组(基础日粮+2.5%酵母并扣除酶制剂)和酵母去药组(基础日粮+2.5%酵母并扣除抗生素)。选用28日龄断奶的DLY三元杂交仔猪60头,试验期为28d。试验主要考察平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)和料肉比(F/G)。结果表明,从整个试验期来看,添加酵母组和鱼粉组都能提高仔猪的生产性能,尤以酵母组的提高幅度最大,酵母组的ADG、ADFI分别较对照组提高14.9%(P<0.05)、4.2%,料肉比降低了9.5%(P<0.05);ADG、ADFI分别较鱼粉组提高10.6%、5.4%,料肉比降低4.7%(P<0.05)。通过比较对照组、鱼粉组、酵母去酶组、酵母去药组这4组全期生产性能指标,发现对照组虽然采食量较高,但ADG和料肉比仍是最差,其中料肉比明显高于酵母去酶组和鱼粉组(P<0.05);酵母去酶组较对照组ADG提高6.4%,料肉比降低11.9%(P<0.05);酵母去药组较对照组ADG提高1.7%,料肉比降低2.0%,差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验结果说明,酵母代替鱼粉的效果是肯定的,同时具有替代酶制剂的潜力,另外,酵母饲料作为一种绿色的饲料来源,在一定条件下代替抗生素也是可行的。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究日粮中添加肠膜蛋白粉和发酵豆粕替代鱼粉对断奶仔猪生长性能和养分消化率的影响。试验选用180头28日龄(杜×长×大)断奶仔猪,公母各半,体质量(8.0±0.5)kg,随机分为3个处理,每处理6个重复,每重复10头猪。试验期14 d,试验期间常规饲养管理。对照组日粮为17.0%豆粕+6.0%鱼粉,进口肠膜组日粮为16.6%豆粕+4.0%发酵豆粕+4.0%进口肠膜蛋白粉,国产肠膜组日粮为16.6%豆粕+4.0%发酵豆粕+4.0%国产肠膜蛋白粉。结果表明:在采食量和增质量方面,进口肠膜组高于对照组,国产肠膜组低于对照组,差异均不显著(P≥0.05);在料重比方面,进口肠膜组最低,国产肠膜组高于对照组,差异均不显著(P≥0.05);进口肠膜组和国产肠膜组腹泻率、腹泻指数和死淘率均高于对照组,但差异均不显著(P≥0.05);进口肠膜组钙的消化率比对照组下降13.21%(P0.05);干物质、能量、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、磷和必需氨基酸的消化率处理间无显著差异(P≥0.05)。因此,断奶仔猪日粮中使用进口或国产肠膜蛋白粉和发酵豆粕等替代鱼粉,不影响生长性能、腹泻和养分消化率。 相似文献
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不同能量水平饲粮中添加白酒糟酵母培养物对肉仔鸡生长性能、胴体组成和血清生化指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在探究不同能量水平饲粮中添加白酒糟酵母培养物对肉仔鸡生长性能、胴体组成和血清生化指标的影响。选用350只1日龄爱拔益加健康公雏,随机分为5个组,分别为:Ⅰ组(基础饲粮,对照组)、Ⅱ组(基础饲粮+0.5%白酒糟酵母培养物)、Ⅲ组(基础饲粮+1.0%白酒糟酵母培养物)、Ⅳ组(基础饲粮降低0.21 MJ/kg代谢能+0.5%白酒糟酵母培养物)和Ⅴ组(基础饲粮降低0.42 MJ/kg代谢能+1.0%白酒糟酵母培养物),每组7个重复,每个重复10只鸡。试验期42 d。结果显示:1)21日龄肉仔鸡平均体重以对照组最低,其他各组略有升高,Ⅲ组升高趋势明显(P0.10)。与对照组相比,Ⅱ组和Ⅳ组肉仔鸡22~42日龄料重比有所改善(P0.10),Ⅱ组料重比在1~42日龄低于对照组(P0.05)。2)与对照组比,Ⅳ组肉仔鸡21日龄腹脂率显著降低(P0.05),Ⅴ组肉仔鸡腹脂率在21日龄和42日龄有降低的趋势(P0.05)。3)饲粮添加白酒糟酵母培养物对肉仔鸡血清总蛋白、白蛋白、尿酸、肌酐、钙和磷含量影响均不显著(P0.05)。4)21日龄时,对照组肉仔鸡血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性最低,且显著低于Ⅱ组和Ⅳ组(P0.05);各试验组肉仔鸡血清超氧化物歧化酶活性显著高于对照组(P0.05),Ⅱ组和Ⅳ组肉仔鸡血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著高于对照组(P0.05)。42日龄时,各试验组肉仔鸡血清T-AOC均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。综上,不同能量水平饲粮中添加0.05%~0.10%白酒糟酵母培养物可提高肉仔鸡体增重,改善料重比,降低腹脂率,提高血清抗氧化能力。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究酶解羽毛粉替换鱼粉对断奶仔猪生长性能及血清生化指标的影响。选用120头28日龄断奶三元杂交(杜×长×大)健康仔猪,将其分为3组,每组4个重复,每重复10头猪。对照组饲喂基础日粮,2个试验组分别用酶解羽毛粉替代基础日粮中50%、100%的鱼粉。预试期7 d,正试期28 d。结果表明,试验组与对照组间平均日增质量、平均日采食量、料重比和腹泻率均差异不显著(P0.05);对照组血清总蛋白含量显著高于100%替代组(P0.05);各组白蛋白、尿素氮、血糖和血清免疫球蛋白含量以及转氨酶活性均差异不显著(P0.05)。综合各项指标,酶解羽毛粉替代鱼粉不会对断奶仔猪的生长性能产生影响。 相似文献
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浒苔粉对肉鸡免疫机能及盲肠微生物区系的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国兽医杂志》2015,(2)
本试验旨在观察饲料中添加不同水平浒苔粉对肉鸡免疫机能及盲肠微生物区系的影响。400只1日龄爱拔益加肉仔鸡随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每重复20只,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲粮为基础饲粮中分别添加1%、2%、4%浒苔粉,试验期35 d。结果表明,3个试验组肉鸡的淋巴细胞转化率、新城疫抗体效价显著高于对照组(P0.05或P0.01),35日龄肉鸡脾脏指数3个试验组显著高于对照组(P0.05)。肉鸡盲肠大肠杆菌、乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌数量各组间无显著差异(P0.05)。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献