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青海省共和县藏羊心肌住肉孢子虫的种类鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《动物医学进展》2020,(5)
采用压片镜检法对采自青海省共和县藏羊心肌的住肉孢子虫进行形态观察,发现虫体包囊呈梭型、纺锤形或椭圆形,经HE染色呈蓝紫色,平均大小为50μm～84μm×110μm～180μm。采用PCR对其线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶第一亚基部分序列(pcox1)进行扩增、测序与分析,结果表明,所测样品pcox1的序列长度约为1000bp,与柔嫩住肉孢子虫(Sarcocystis tenella)基因序列的相似性为93.5%～100%,与羊犬住肉孢子虫(Sarcocystis capracanis)的相似性为93.6%～100%;系统发育树显示,试验样品与柔嫩住肉孢子虫和羊犬住肉孢子虫在同一分支。综上结果,表明本次采集自共和县藏羊心肌的住肉孢子虫存在2个种,分别鉴定为柔嫩住肉孢子虫(S.tenella)和羊犬住肉孢子虫(S.capracanis)。 相似文献
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本研究旨在阐明鸡蛔虫分离株线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶第Ⅰ亚基(cox1)基因部分序列(pcox1)的遗传变异情况,并用pcox1序列构建其与其他蛔虫的进化关系。应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增鸡蛔虫虫株的pcox1,将测定获得序列应用Clustal X 1.81程序进行比对,然后用Phylip 3.67程序MP法和Mega 4.0程序NJ法绘制种系发育树,并用Puzzle 5.2程序构建最大似然树。所获得的pcox1序列长度一致,均为250 bp,种内变异在0~2.5%之间。种系发育分析表明,8个鸡蛔虫分离株位于同一分枝。由于鸡蛔虫pcox1序列种内相对保守,种间差异较大(6.9%~15.3%),故可作为种间遗传变异研究的标记,研究结果为进一步研究鸡蛔虫的群体遗传结构奠定了基础。 相似文献
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本研究旨在阐明我国犬弓首蛔虫(Toxocara canis)湖南分离株线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶第I亚基(cox1)基因部分序列(pcox1)的遗传变异情况,并用其与其它弓首蛔虫的pcox1序列构建进化关系。应用PCR扩增犬弓首蛔虫虫株的pcox1,将所获得的序列应用Mafft 7.122程序进行比对,然后用Phy ML 3.1程序ML法绘制种系发育树。本实验扩增所获得的pcox1序列长度一致,均为394 bp,种内变异在0~2.5%之间,种间差异为8.2%~11.6%。种系发育分析结果表明,12个犬弓首蛔虫分离株位于同一分支。由于犬弓首蛔虫pcox1序列种内相对保守,种间差异较大,故可作为种间鉴定检测研究的遗传标记,本研究结果为犬弓首蛔虫的分类、鉴定和群体遗传结构奠定了基础。 相似文献
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湖南省鸡蛔虫线粒体cox1和nad1基因的序列测定及种系发育分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本研究旨在阐明湖南省鸡蛔虫分离株线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶第I亚基(cox1)基因部分序列(pcox1)和烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NADH)脱氢酶亚单位l基因(nad1)部分序列(pnad1)的遗传变异情况,并用pcox1和pnad1序列构建鸡蛔虫与其它科蛔虫的种群遗传关系。作者应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增鸡蛔虫虫株的pcox1和pnad1,应用ClustalX1.81程序对序列进行比对,然后用Phylip3.67程序MP法和Mega4.0程序NJ法绘制种系发育树,并用Puzzle5.2程序构建最大似然树。所获得的pcox1和pnad1序列长度均为394和408bp,种系发育树表明,20个分离株鸡蛔虫位于同一分枝。由于鸡蛔虫pcox1和pnad1序列种内相对保守,种间差异较大,故可作为种间遗传变异研究的标记。本研究系首次报道鸡蛔虫的pcox1和pnad1序列,从而为鸡蛔虫的分类鉴定以及进一步的分子流行病学调查和群体遗传研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
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湖南省猬迭宫绦虫的线粒体cox1和nad1基因的序列测定及种系发育分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
本研究旨在阐明猬迭宫绦虫湖南分离株线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶第I亚基(cox1)基因部分序列(pcox1)和烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NADH)脱氢酶亚单位l基因(nad1)部分序列(pnad1)的遗传变异情况,并用pcox1和pnad1序列重构猬迭宫绦虫与其它绦虫的种群遗传关系。利用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增猬迭宫绦虫的pcox1和pnad1,应用ClustalX1.81程序对序列进行比对,再用Phylip3.67程序MP法和Mage4.0程序NJ法绘制种系发育树,并用Puzzle5.2程序构建最大似然树,同时利用DNAStar5.0中的Megalign程序进行同源性分析。结果显示所获得各样品株的pcox1和pnad1序列长度一致,分别为396和566bp,湖南分离株与已知猬迭宫绦虫位于同一分枝。由于猬迭宫绦虫pcox1和pnad1序列种内相对保守,种间差异较大,故均可作为种间遗传变异研究的标记,从而为猬迭宫绦虫的种群体遗传学研究和其相关疾病的诊断奠定基础。 相似文献
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巨型住肉孢子虫(Sarcocystis gigantea)是羊体内一种常见寄生虫,多寄生于羊横纹肌内形成包囊,导致羊肉大量废弃,给畜牧业带来巨大经济损失。本研究尝试筛选能有效诊断住肉孢子虫感染的抗原。通过免疫印迹及质谱分析筛选到巨型住肉孢子虫候选诊断抗原烯醇酶,利用染色体步移技术扩增两侧翼未知序列并表达重组蛋白。应用生物信息学分析和免疫印迹对该蛋白诊断价值进行评价。结果筛选到的候选蛋白为巨型住肉孢子虫烯醇酶(SgENO),克隆得到1 181 bp的基因并获得重组蛋白rSgENO。对rSgENO应用进行初步评价,发现其与其他顶复亚门原虫的烯醇酶氨基酸相似性均较高(71%～92.1%),且能被弓形虫和新孢子虫阳性血清所识别,具有交叉反应性。本研究克隆并表达了巨型住肉孢子虫烯醇酶,后期评价发现该重组蛋白与新孢子虫和弓形虫有较强的交叉反应性,不能用于羊住肉孢子虫的血清学诊断,但有成为疫苗候选分子的潜力。 相似文献
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《中国预防兽医学报》2010,(8)
为阐明猬迭宫绦虫广东分离株的遗传变异情况,本研究利用PCR技术扩增了猬迭宫绦虫的部分细胞色素C氧化酶第Ⅰ亚基(pcox1)基因,经SSCP筛选出带型差异的代表样品进行测序,经系统发育树表明,广东分离株与已知猬迭宫绦虫位于同一分枝。同时研究表明猬迭宫绦虫pcox1序列种内相对保守,又存在一定种间差异,可作为种间遗传变异研究的标记,研究结果为进一步研究猬迭宫绦虫的群体遗传结构奠定了基础。 相似文献
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以来源于湖南省长沙生态动物园猎豹体内的狮弓蛔虫为研究对象,利用保守引物,通过聚合酶链反应(PCR),扩增猎豹狮弓蛔虫线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶I亚基基因(cox1)部分序列(pcox1),并用pcox1序列构建与其他相关蛔虫的进化关系。将获得的序列,用Clustal X 1.83程序进行比对,用Phy ML 3.0程序中的最大似然树法(ML)绘制种系进化树。结果显示:样品pcox1序列长度均为367 bp,种内相对保守(1.4%～6.8%),种间变异显著(9.7%～21.4%);种系发育关系指示,猫科动物狮弓蛔虫分离株位于同一分支,犬科动物狮弓蛔虫分离株位于另一分支。由于狮弓蛔虫cox1序列种内相对保守,种间差异较大,故可作为狮弓蛔虫种间遗传变异研究的标记。 相似文献
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《中国草食动物科学》2021,(5)
住肉孢子虫病严重影响畜牧业健康发展,危害肉制品和公共卫生安全。为研究西藏拉萨市临近各县牛羊住肉孢子虫流行情况及虫种鉴定,对西藏拉萨市当雄县和尼木县的牦牛、绵羊、山羊、黄牛、犏牛等共62头(只)牛羊的心肌、膈肌、腿肌、食道肌进行采样。采用压片镜检法对采集的牛羊膈肌进行观察检测,若发现住肉孢子虫包囊即判定为阳性,否则为阴性。采用PCR技术对住肉孢子虫线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶第一亚基(COX1)进行扩增,对62头(只)牛羊的心肌、膈肌、腿肌、食道肌进行检测。结果显示,PCR检测的住肉孢子虫病的阳性率与压片镜检法结果一致,藏牛羊的住肉孢子虫阳性率70.97%;对膈肌PCR产物进行克隆测序,在NCBI上进行同源性比对,共检出4个住肉孢子虫虫种,分别为肉孢子虫(Sarcocystis pilosa)、山羊犬住肉孢子虫(Sarcocystis capracanis)、羊柔嫩住肉孢子虫(Sarcocystis tenella)和家山羊犬肉孢子虫(Sarcocystis hircicanis),对应样品编号分别为5C、17C、19C和27C,其同源性分别为92.10%、99.71%、99.81%和99.26%;种系发育树结果显示,样品5C、17C、19C、27C与其NCBI上同源性最高的住肉孢子虫虫种Sarcocystis pilosa、Sarcocystis capracani、Sarcocystis tenella和Sarcocystis hircicanis处于同一分支上,且系统发育树中的Bootstrap值较高,很好地证明了研究结果中所确定的分类地位,两者确定为同一种属。另外,在牦牛身上检出了Sarcocystis pilosa,为进一步了解Sarcocystis pilosa生活史提供了线索。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献