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农畜产品出口遭遇技术性贸易壁垒的现状及原因分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
加入世贸组织以来，中国农产品出口遭遇到前所未有的贸易壁垒，据商务部调查，我国90％的农业及食品出口企业受国外技术性贸易壁垒影响，每年损失约90亿美元。目前，国外实施的技术性贸易壁垒已成为制约我国农产品出口的最大障碍。因此，分析我国农产品出口遭遇技术性贸易壁垒现状。研究农产品出口遭遇的主要技术性贸易壁垒及其特点，找出农产品出口受制于技术贸易壁垒的原因，积极探索应对策略，对促进我国农产品出口和帮助解决“三农”问题具有十分重要的意义。 相似文献
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近年来，随着国内外消费市场对畜产品质量与安全的关注，畜禽健康养殖已逐渐成为畜牧业发展的必然趋势。随着经济全球化的深入推进和我国加入世贸组织，配额、许可证等直接限制性的关税贸易壁垒逐渐减弱，“绿色壁垒”等“合法”的贸易壁垒已经逐渐成为一些国家尤其是发达国家实施贸易壁垒的重要形式，“绿色壁垒”使我国及重庆市农产品尤其是畜产品在出口过程中遭受了严重损失， 相似文献
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技术性贸易壁垒对农业企业的挑战及应对策略 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
刘朝 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2006,4(1):47-52
在对农业技术性贸易壁垒的内容简要回顾的基础上，分析了技术性贸易壁垒对农业企业的影响和挑战，提出了农业企业应对的策略。 相似文献
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随着全球经济的发展和社会的进步，人们对生活的质量和食品的品质产生了独特的要求，追求纯天然、无污染的有机食品已成为一种时尚。另外，伴随着我国加入WTO，贸易壁垒在被拆除的同时，发达国家对我国出口农产品的品质、卫生、安全等要求越来越高，绿色贸易壁垒的门槛不断地被抬高，致使我国出口农产品屡屡受阻，正面临更为严峻的挑战。因此，大力发展有机食品，突破国外绿色贸易壁垒对我国农产品的围困，已显得十分重要和迫切。 相似文献
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绿色贸易壁垒与饲料生物安全 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
绿色贸易壁垒正逐渐成为各国在国际贸易中保护本国经济利益1生态环境、人民健康的重要关隘。充分认识和防范饲料安全性的现代问题，确保饲料安全、避免环境污染是畜牧业生产经营突破贸易壁垒、保护人类安全与健康，实现可持续发展必须认真解决的重大课题。 相似文献
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日本农产品技术性贸易壁垒研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
日本是中国农产品出口的最大市场，又是利用技术性贸易壁垒设限最多的国家。本文重点研究了日本在农产品贸易方面设置的技术性贸易壁垒，并结合典型案例分析了主要做法。 相似文献
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中国是世界第一水果生产大国，但近十年间果品出口量占总产量的比例长期在5％以下，出口水平低下。自2003年以来，我国每年有60％以上的水果出口企业遭遇绿色贸易壁垒。专家指出，绿色贸易壁垒已成为制约我国果品出口的主要外部制约因素。 相似文献
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加入WTO后，美日欧等发达国家以技术贸易壁垒限制中国动物性产品出口。如何跨越技术壁垒，提高我国产品出口竞争力已成为当前一项十分紧迫的任务。作者介绍了发达国家技术壁垒概况．分析了我国动物性食品安全现状及技术性贸易壁垒对我国出口动物性食品的冲击，提出了加强我国动物性食品安全工作突破技术壁垒限制的措施。 相似文献
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在世界贸易自由化的发展进程中,随着传统贸易壁垒的逐步弱化,绿色贸易壁垒正在迅速成为一种新的非关税贸易壁垒。通过分析绿色贸易壁垒形成的原因及中国服装行业的现状,提出采用"生态纺织品认证"的方法来冲破绿色壁垒,提高服装出口量。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献