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鸡球虫病的免疫原理及技术要点 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
鸡球虫病是由艾美耳属球虫引起的鸡肠道内疾病,在鸡的各种传染病中,球虫病的发生率是最高的.鸡球虫病被认为是对养鸡业危害最大的寄生虫病之一,尤其对雏鸡的危害更大.我国养鸡业饲养规模较小,饲养方式落后,管理水平及条件差,球虫病造成鸡只死亡和生产能力下降,给养鸡业带来了巨大的损失.目前,防治鸡球虫病的方法主要有药物和疫苗.球虫免疫因其无药物残留和1次免疫终身保护的优势,逐渐得到养鸡业的认同,采用免疫方法来控制鸡球虫病已成为趋势. 相似文献
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鸡球虫病是有球虫寄生于鸡只体内而引起的一类寄生虫病,患病的鸡通常表现为下痢、排出血便、采食量下降、消瘦以及贫血等症状,严重影响着鸡的生长发育.本文对鸡球虫病的病因进行了分析,介绍了鸡球虫病的临床症状、诊断方法、治疗以及预防措施,希望能够帮助养殖户正确认识鸡球虫病,减少鸡球虫病的发病率. 相似文献
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鸡球虫病药物防治研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
鸡球虫病是严重危害养鸡业的寄生虫病之一.长期以来,鸡球虫病主要依靠抗生素类、化学合成药类和中草药等药物进行防治,由于球虫极易产生耐药性,给药物防治带来了困难.文章从鸡球虫生物学特性、防治鸡球虫病的药物及鸡球虫病的药物防治方法等方面做一综述. 相似文献
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GC02球虫病疫苗的最佳免疫剂量与免疫日龄的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
鸡球虫病是威胁养鸡业最严重的肠道寄生虫病之一,由于化学预防方法面临球虫的耐药性、药物残留、药效下降、费用增加、生态问题、协迫病原突变问题等,使人们不得不寻求新的有效方法来预防鸡球虫病.免疫预防是控制鸡球虫病的理想方法,国内外寄生虫工作者对球虫病的免疫进行了广泛的研究,并先后研制出了各种有效的鸡球虫病疫苗.本试验旨在研究GC02球虫病疫苗理想的免疫剂量和免疫日龄,为生产上使用疫苗预防鸡球虫病提供可靠依据. 相似文献
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鸡球虫病是鸡养殖生产中重要的寄生虫病,带来巨大经济损失.本研究通过田间生产试验,验证鸡球虫病三价活疫苗在纸垫料养殖模式下预防鸡球虫病的效果以及推广的可行性.结果 表明,纸垫料养殖模式下使用鸡球虫病三价活疫苗,试验组鸡群在免疫后6.5 d(首免)和15.5～16.5 d(二免)时均能检测到排囊高峰,在纸垫料饲养模式下的三... 相似文献
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樊生超 《上海畜牧兽医通讯》1990,(3):26-27
鸡球虫病是一种分布很广的原虫病,它主要由艾美耳属的九种球虫所引起.在生产中,鸡球虫病不仅引起雏鸡大批死亡,更为严重的是会明显降低鸡的生产性能,造成重大的经济损失,尤其对集约化养鸡业更是如此.目前在养鸡业中,防治鸡球虫病的主要手段是使用抗球虫药,它对控制鸡球虫病的严重爆发和流行起了十分有效的效果,有人曾认为“鸡场使用抗球虫药进行球虫病预防是一种化学保险”.现阶段应用的抗球虫药主要分两类: 相似文献
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在众多家禽疾病中,鸡球虫病是比较常见的一种.鸡球虫病多发于雏鸡,具有较高的病死率,该病不但影响着鸡群健康生长,还对养鸡业的健康发展形成了制约作用.本文将探讨鸡球虫病的临床症状,并总结防治措施,希望能对鸡养殖户产生理论指导作用. 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献