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1.
运用ISSR标记对来自深圳、北海和防城港的三个细基江蓠繁枝变种群体进行遗传多样性检测,筛选出的16条ISSR引物共扩增出111条带,引物平均多态位点比例为54.95%。三个群体的多态位点比例深圳群体最高为23.42%,北海群体最低为4.50%;群体平均多态位点比例为11.12%,平均基因多样性（Hs）为0.051 3,表明细基江蓠繁枝变种群体遗传多样性较低。群体遗传分化指数为0.756 5,说明遗传变异主要存在于群体间且群体间的遗传分化水平较高。Mantel检验发现遗传距离与地理距离无关。适应生态环境选择无性繁殖模式可能是细基江蓠繁枝变种群体遗传多样性较低、群体间遗传分化大的重要因素。  相似文献   

2.
为阐明小尺度范围内濒危物种孑遗植物中华桫椤种群的遗传多样性,保护和恢复种质资源,本文采用ISSR分子标记技术对云南屏边大围山的大围山红旗水库和大围山山谷2个中华桫椤种群的遗传多样性进行分析。结果表明用从100个随机引物中筛选出的20个能高产稳定扩增的ISSR引物对2个群体共57个样品进行扩增,共获得132个可分析位点,其中大围山红旗水库的多态性位点83个,占62.87%,而大围山山谷的多态性位点97个,多态位点百分率（P）为73.48%,两者Nei＇s基因多样性分别为0.2614和0.2832,Shannon＇s信息指数分别为0.3762和0.4135,两个种群的遗传分化系数Gst为0.0701,分析结果表明中华桫椤种群内的遗传多样性较高,但两种群间的遗传分化不明显。本研究结果将对中华桫椤自然群体的保育和管理具有重要意义。  相似文献   

3.
为进一步明确菊属野生种与栽培品种的遗传关系和多样性,本研究利用ISSR分子标记技术对菊属11个野生种和12个栽培品种之间的遗传关系进行比较分析。从75个ISSR引物中筛选出了14个引物,对供试材料的DNA进行扩增,共获得142条清晰可辨的谱带,多态位点比率为95.1%;菊属野生种的平均有效等位基因数（effective number of alleles,Ne）、平均Nei＇s基因多样性指数（Nei’s gene diversity,H）及Shannon信息指数（shannon’s information index,I）均高于栽培菊花,说明各野生种间基因差异比较显著,多态性强于栽培品种。UPGMA聚类结果表明：菊属野生种呈现由低倍向高倍进化的趋势;栽培菊花之间遗传关系复杂,大体可以推断出平瓣是菊花的基本瓣形;菊花脑与栽培菊花亲缘关系最近,小红菊、龙脑菊、若狭滨菊与栽培菊花关系亦较近,神农香菊与其它材料关系最远。本研究的结果表明菊属野生种与栽培品种之间遗传关系比较复杂,而ISSR分子标记技术可以较好地从分子水平上揭示出菊属植物间的遗传关系。  相似文献   

4.
本文运用AFLP分子标记技术,对江西省4个斑点叉尾鮰(Ictalurus punctatus)养殖群体(GZ、XJ、PYA和PYB)进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明,在64对引物组合中,E3/M2、E4/M7、E3/M8和E5/M5引物从4个群体72个体中共扩增出179个位点,其中多态位点为109,占60.89%。其中,PYA、GZ、XJ和PYB群体的多态位点比例(P)分别为56.54%、56.47%、56.32%和56.14%。Shannon多样性指数(I)分别为0.2890、0.3003、0.2896和0.2852,平均杂合度(H)分别为0.1935、0.2027、0.1938和0.1898。4个群体间的遗传分化系数(Gst)为0.1314,说明群体间发生了一定程度的遗传分化,但分子方差分析(AMOVA)显示,群体的遗传变异90.98%来源于群体内的个体间,9.02%来源于群体间。聚类分析也表明,4个群体所产生的遗传分化主要也来源于群体内。本研究为斑点叉尾鮰种质资源的调查和保护提供参考,为斑点叉尾鮰优良品种的选育提供科学依据。  相似文献   

5.
利用一对特异性引物MHC 2b-snp-sf和MHC 2b-snp-sr,从广东省3个不同罗非鱼养殖地区（以下分别称高要群体,茂名群体,惠州群体）采集的137尾尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus,GIFT strain）的个体基因组中扩增出长度为775-796 bp的片段。克隆后测序,序列分析结果显示：775-796 bp的核苷酸序列中共检测出62个简约信息位点,49个单碱基突变位点。112个多态位点中,增添/缺失位点34个,转换位点44个,颠换位点33个,另外一个位点既出现转换（C/T）又出现颠换（A/T）。137尾个体的751个阳性克隆的测序结果分析表明,751条序列分属于4个等位基因。其中,等位基因Orni-DAB＊0101在3个群体中所占比例最高（85.2%）。等位基因的分布及群体内遗传多样性参数分析表明：高要、茂名群体遗传多样性较丰富,惠州群体遗传多样性较低。群体间的分化指数（FST值）、平均基因流（Nm）、分子方差分析（AMOVA）和平均K2-P遗传距离均表明3个养殖群体间存在广泛的基因交流,未发生群体间的遗传分化。该研究结果提供了广东地区养殖尼罗罗非鱼MHCⅡB基因的部分遗传信息,为尼罗罗非鱼抗病品系的选育提供理论依据。  相似文献   

6.
为了利用分子标记方法评价青钱柳种质资源的遗传多样性,本文对青钱柳DNA的提取、SRAP扩增体系重要参数进行了优化,运用优化体系筛选多态性引物,并用1对引物对青钱柳9个种源进行了遗传多样性初步分析。研究结果建立了适于青钱柳SRAP的扩增体系;从110对SRAP引物中筛选出了13对多态性引物,运用1对引物组合Me7＋Em2扩增获得21个多态性位点,多态率达100%。遗传多样性分析表明有效等位基因数（Ne）为1.3429,平均Shannon＇s信息指数（I）为0.3687,Nei＇s基因多样性指数（H）为0.2267,种源的遗传分化指数Gst为0.1983;聚类分析结果表明9个种源在遗传距离0.100处聚为3类,聚类结果和地理距离之间呈现较高的相关性。本文的研究结果表明所建立的青钱柳种质资源库具有广泛的遗传多样性,为进一步的开发利用提供了条件。  相似文献   

7.
聂兴华  刘松  王碧瑶  李琰  练蔓青  秦岭  郑瑞杰  邢宇 《核农学报》2022,36(11):2104-2114
为解析我国主栽日本栗品种资源的遗传多样性并构建其指纹图谱,本研究通过毛细管电泳和高质量的17个SSR分子标记对日本栗品种资源进行位点检测。结果显示,日本栗与茅栗具有较近的种间亲缘关系。在59份日本栗品种(系)中共检测到131个等位位点,每个标记平均有7.706个等位位点;多态信息含量(PIC)变幅为0.375~0.815,平均值为0.605;供试日本栗品种表现出高的遗传多样性。系统发育树、群体结构和主坐标分析结果一致,支持中国境内的部分日本栗品种(系)独立形成一个分支,且大多品种为杂交资源。此外,本研究根据多位点匹配分析确定了CmSI0922、CmSI00702和CmSI0658为核心引物,并利用这3个核心引物构建了59份日本栗品种(系)的指纹图谱。综上所述,相比其他栗属植物,日本栗分布范围较狭窄,但其具有丰富的遗传多样性,且品种资源间存在广泛的基因流。本研究成功构建了59份日本栗品种(系)资源的具有唯一对应关系的指纹图谱,为栗属植物的资源鉴定和保护利用提供了有力支撑。  相似文献   

8.
用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术对泰国产方斑东风螺养殖群体的遗传多样性进行检测,从100个随机引物中筛选出21个引物对方斑东风螺的DNA进行扩增,结果表明:21个引物共检测到222条清晰且重复性好的条带,每个引物可扩增出4~16条带,分子量在200~2200bp之间,其中多态位点为156个,占70.27%;群体的Shannon多样性指数为0.2818,Nei基因多样性指数为0.2491;个体间最大遗传距离为0.291,最小遗传距离为0.066。通过与其他贝类遗传多样性的研究结果比较,可初步判断泰国产方斑东风螺养殖群体的遗传多样性比较丰富。  相似文献   

9.
细鳞鱼三个野生种群的遗传多样性AFLP分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
细鳞鱼是我国一种珍贵的淡水经济鱼类,在人类和环境因素的影响下数量急剧下降。本文采用扩增片段长度多态性（Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism, AFLP）技术对牡丹江（Mudanjiang River, MD）、鸭绿江（Yalujiang River, YL）和乌苏里江（Wusuli River, WSL）的三个细鳞鱼野生种群共72个个体进行了遗传多样性分析。结果显示,12对选择性扩增引物共扩增得到559个位点,其中多态性位点541个,多态性百分比为96.78％。文中对3个群体的Shannon多样性指数,Nei氏基因多样性等参数进行了分析。其总基因多样性Ht平均值为0.3512±0.0208;种群内基因多样性Hs平均值为0.2137±0.0152;群体间的基因多样性Dst为0.1375。基因分化系数Gst为0.3914,种群内的基因多样性占总群体的60.85%,种群间为39.15%,而基因流系数Nm 为0.7776。分子方差分析（AMOVA）表明：群体平均遗传分化系数Fst为0.55336,变异来源有44.84%来自群体间,55.16%来自群体内。三个群体中牡丹江群体的细鳞鱼种内多态性比例最高,而乌苏里江群体最低。  相似文献   

10.
本研究从湛江流沙港马氏珠母贝养殖群体中挑选不同壳色个体为亲本,共构建了黑（BS）、红（RS）、黄（YS）和白壳色（WS）4个壳色选系F1,然后分别在4个壳色选育系F,中随机取样,利用3对AFLP引物分析其遗传结构与遗传分化。结果表明,每对引物的扩增位点数在104～109之间,共得到331个扩增位点;BS、RS、YS和WS壳色选系F1的多态位点比例分别为49．2％、49．5％、51．6％和63．4％,Shannon’s多样性指数分别为0．1884、0．1886、0．1896和0．1954,4个壳色选育系F1的遗传分化系数（Fst）为0．1972。本研究说明经过一代壳色纯化4个壳色选育系F1出现显著遗传分化,也为马氏珠母贝壳色系选育或选育系间杂交提供了参考依据。  相似文献   

11.
Citrus hongheensis is a critically endangered species endemic to the Honghe river region in southeastern Yunnan, China. Its genetic diversity and differentiation were investigated using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. One hundred primers were screened, and a total of 245 loci were amplified from seven natural populations by 13 informative and reliable primers. Of these 245 ISSR loci, 233 were polymorphic and the detected variations revealed a relatively high level of intraspecific genetic diversity. At the population level, the mean percentage of polymorphic loci (PPB) was 36.50%, while the average expected heterozygosity (He) and Shannon diversity index (Ho) were 0.1327 and 0.1972, respectively. At the species level (across all populations), PPB was 95.10%, while He and Ho were 0.3520 and 0.5195, respectively. A high Gst value (0.6247) indicated that there is significant differentiation among populations, which was confirmed by AMOVA analysis (Φst = 0.6420). Pairwise genetic identity (I) values among populations ranged from 0.6341 to 0.7675, with a mean of 0.7008. We propose that the high level of genetic differentiation may be the result of habitat fragmentation and limited gene flow (Nm = 0.1502). For effective in situ conservation and population restoration of C. hongheensis it will be important to maintain historical processes, including high outbreeding rates, sufficient gene flow, and large effective population sizes.  相似文献   

12.
摘 要：利用ISSR分子标记对我国44个棉花栽培品种（拟似为6个群体）进行遗传多样性分析。筛选出的11个引物在所有品种中共扩增出90条带,其中70条为多态性条带,多态性条带百分率(PPB)达76.1%,Popgene32软件分析结果表明,新疆种群的遗传多样性水平最高(PPL=91.43%,H=0.3769,I=0.5464),其次是中棉种群、河南种群,而河北、山东、山西3个种群的遗传多样性水平相差较小,6个棉花种群在其总的遗传变异中有82.42%的存在于群体内,群体间的遗传变异仅占总变异的17.58%,群体分化系数Gst=0.1759,群体间总的基因流的估算值Nm=2.34。由聚类分析可知,山西、山东、河北种群的亲缘关系最近,先聚合在一起,然后依次与河南、中棉所种群聚类,最后与亲缘关系最远的新疆种群聚合。  相似文献   

13.
Genetic diversity and relationships among 48 safflower accessions were evaluated using 22 inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) primers. A total of 429 bands were amplified, and 355 bands (about 82.7%) were polymorphic. Five to forty-one polymorphic bands could be amplified by each primer, with an average of 16.1 polymorphic bands per primer. The results showed that the polymorphism of the safflower germplasm was higher at the DNA level. All the 48 accessions could be distinguished by ISSR markers and were divided into 9 groups based on ISSR GS by using UPGMA method. The genetic relationships among the accessions from different continents were closer. Comparatively, the genetic diversity of the accessions originated from Asia was higher, from Europe assembled. The results also showed that the genetic variation of accessions from Indian and Middle Eastern safflower diversity centers were relatively higher. ISSR is an effective and promising marker system for detecting genetic diversity among safflower and give some useful information on its phylogenic relationships.  相似文献   

14.
Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) is plant endemic in Ethiopia with a high calcium content grown for its edible tuberous roots. In spite of its importance as food security crop, there is no information available on molecular genetic diversity of this crop. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess genetic diversity within and among 12 populations of anchote using ISSR markers. Using nine ISSR primers, a total of 87 scorable bands was generated of which 74 were polymorphic. Within population diversity based on polymorphic bands ranged from 13.8 to 43.53 % with a mean of 33.05 %, Nei’s genetic diversity of 0.04–0.156 with a mean of 0.12, Shannon information index of 0.07–0.23 with a mean of 0.175 and analysis of molecular variation (AMOVA) of 51.4 % were detected. With all diversity parameters, the highest diversity was obtained from Gimbi, Bedele and Ale populations, whilst the lowest was from Manna. AMOVA showed a 48.56 % between populations variability and significantly lower than that of within population variation. Population differentiation with FST was 48.56 %. From Jaccard’s pairwise similarity coefficient, Decha and Nedjo were most related populations exhibiting 0.76 similarity and Manna and Nedjo were the most distantly related populations with similarity of 0.52. The only pentanucliotide primer used in the study, Primer 880 (GGAGA)3, showed a unique band in some individuals that appeared to be associated with morphological quantitative traits (lowest seed number, high protein content, largest fruit size and smallest vine length). Illubabor and Gimbi populations exhibited highest genetic diversity so that the populations should be considered as the primary sites in designing conservation areas for this crop.  相似文献   

15.
Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) and Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to analyze genetic distance among H. vulgare subsp. spontaneum populations from west Turkey. Fifty-five RAPD and 10 ISSR primers were used to detect variation among sample. A total of 55 polymorphic loci were found using 65 primers. Two distinct cluster groups were clearly established among populations. The minimum variation was detected between Pinarbasi and Bornova (GD = 0.192) populations and the maximum was found between Icmeler and Aydin populations (GD = 0.926). As two dominant markers, RAPD and ISSRs are effective and promising marker systems for detecting genetic variation.  相似文献   

16.
The genetic diversity in Tunisian perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) was examined by the help of inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR). Starting from eighteen accessions, a large number of polymorphic ISSR markers were currently generated using appropriate primers (a total of 136, which average of 12.6 polymorphic bands/primer). These markers were considered to estimate the genetic distance among accessions and to draw phylogenetic trees. Our data provide evidence of a high degree of genetic diversity in Tunisian ryegrass. In addition, both cultivars and wild types present a high degree of divergence suggesting a complex domestication process in this crop. Moreover, spontaneous populations of Tunisian ryegrass have been identified as important ecotypes that are suitable in selection programs to improve grasslands.  相似文献   

17.
应用RAPD分析川西北高原老芒麦自然居群的遗传多样性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
利用RAPD标记对来自青藏高原东南部川西北高原的8个老芒麦自然居群的遗传多样性和群体遗传结构进行了分析和评价。从150个RAPD引物中筛选出25个能扩增出高度重复性条带的引物。这25个引物共扩增出370条可分辨的条带,其中291条(占78.65%) 具有多态性,表明供试居群在物种水平上存在较高水平的变异。同时各居群的多态性位点比率(PP)在46.49%到53.78%之间变化,表明群体水平的变异较低。居群的平均基因多样性(HE)为0.176(变幅为0.159~0.190),而物种水平的平均基因多样性达0.264。基于Nei’s基因多样性、Shannon指数和贝叶斯方法的群体分化系数分别为32.0%、33.7%和33.5%。AMOVA 分析表明居群内遗传达到总变异的59.9%,而居群间变异仅有40.1%,但二者均达到极显著水平(P < 0.001)。居群间每世代迁入个体数(Nm)达到0.503个。各居群间存在较高的Nei’s遗传一致度。本研究获得的老芒麦的遗传结构不同于已报导的大多数披碱草属物种。另外,基于聚类分析及AMOVA的结果均表明各居群间存在较为明显的地理分化,8个居群分化为采集地的南部和北部2个分支。总之,研究结果表明来自青藏高原东南部的老芒麦居群具有较高水平的遗传变异。在该地区应尽量选择遗传多样性高的老芒麦居群实施就地保护。  相似文献   

18.
RAPD分析野生和养殖太湖秀丽白虾的遗传多样性   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
摘要：用60个随机引物对野生和养殖的太湖秀丽白虾进行随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)分析,筛选的23个随机引物共检测到105个位点（200～2000bp）。用PopGen1.32分析结果表明：野生种群多态位点比例为50.47%,养殖种群多态位点比例为43.33%;野生种群和养殖种群的种群内遗传相似系数分别为0.8635和0.8795;野生种群和养殖种群之间的遗传距离为0.0361;野生种群平均Shannon多样性指数h0为0.2830,略高于养殖种群的0.272。  相似文献   

19.
Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis) is an endemic species in China. The likely extinction of it in the wild has been recognised. To prevent this species becoming extinct, the Anhui Research Centre of Chinese Alligator Reproduction (ARCCAR) was established in Xuanzhou, Anhui Province in 1979, where has been established the largest captive population of Chinese alligator (XZSP) in the world. Another farm (CXSP) was established by villagers in Changxin, Zhejiang Province. The results of an investigation of the two captive subpopulation structures by genetic analysis are presented in this paper. We examined the genetic variation in the two captive subpopulations using RAPDs. Thirty-one random primers were selected among 199 random primers screened. A total of 193 reproducible RAPD fragments were scored among 43 individuals, of which 21 (10.88%) were polymorphic. The genetic distances between 43 individuals ranged from 0 to 0.0376 with average of 0.0104±0.0055 S.E. The genetic similarity in CXSP (0.9948±0.0029 S.E.) was higher than that in XZSP (0.9894±0.0055 S.E.). The founder effect is a possible explanation for very low genetic variation in CXSP. Analysis of the RAPD data showed that the mean phenotypic band frequencies of each polymorphic loci was 0.6656±0.3730 S.E. The lowest phenotypic band frequency (0.0233) was found in four of those polymorphic loci. There was no genetic difference between the two subpopulations (Dij=0.0009). According to the dendrogram and the distribution of polymorphic fragments in two subpopulations, CXSP originated genetically from XZSP. This paper summarises a preliminary research on genetic structure in populations of Chinese alligator. Although there is higher genetic similary (0.9896±0.0055 S.E.) in captive population of A. sinensis, we did not determine whether or not loss of genetic variation had occurred in relation to a wild control population. The data of malformed offspring will be collected carefully, and wild samples be added to set up a control population in future study.  相似文献   

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