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《中国预防兽医学报》2017,(8)
为了解猪脾转移因子(TF)对禽白血病病毒A/B亚群(ALV—A/B)抗体阳性鸡群免疫水平的影响,本研究以新城疫(ND)HI试验和淋巴细胞增殖试验分别检测ND HI抗体效价(log2x)和刺激指数(SI)作为指示参数,采集特佳、罗曼、海兰和伊莎共4个品种蛋鸡血样,并从中选出各60羽份(ALV-A/B抗体阳性、阴性鸡各半,ALV p27抗原均为阴性),将4个品种的ALV-A/B抗体阳性蛋鸡均分为实验组(联合接种TF 0.02 mL+NDV La Sota疫苗1羽份/羽,TF多肽含量为3.5 mg/mL,核糖含量为72.0μg/mL,脱E受体法效力检验活力为15%)和对照组(单独接种NDV La Sota疫苗1羽份/羽),于接种后21 d采血检测。结果显示,ALV-A/B抗体阳性鸡群(120羽份)的ND HI抗体效价均值(6.1±1.3)与阴性鸡群(120羽份)均值(6.2±1.3)差异不显著,但其SI均值(1.20±0.10)显著低于阴性鸡群(1.35±0.10)(p0.05);实验组(60羽份)的ND HI抗体效价和SI均值(9.0±1.3,1.73±0.15)显著高于对照组(60羽份)均值(7.8±1.2,1.39±0.16)(p0.05)。研究结果表明,ALV-A/B抗体阳性与鸡ND HI抗体效价相关性不大,而对SI具有抑制作用;TF具有增强ALV-A/B抗体阳性鸡群免疫水平的作用。 相似文献
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为探讨悬浮细胞制备的鸡新城疫-H9亚型禽流感二联灭活疫苗(La Sota株+BX13株)(以下简称二联灭活疫苗)的安全性和免疫产生期，试验用新城疫病毒(NDV)La Sota株和H9亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)BX13株分别接种BHK-21和MDCK悬浮细胞，收获抗原液，制备二联灭活疫苗；采用1 mL/只的剂量接种21日龄SPF鸡进行二联灭活疫苗的安全性试验；以0.02、0.05、0.1、0.3、0.5 mL/只的剂量接种21日龄SPF鸡，免疫后7、14、21 d采血测定NDV HI和AIVHI抗体，并于免疫后21日龄攻毒进行免疫保护试验和免疫产生期试验。结果显示：二联灭活疫苗对SPF鸡安全，鸡只无不良反应，疫苗吸收良好；各剂量组免疫后抗体水平均逐渐升高，免疫后21 d NDV HI效价为6.1～8.5 log2,AIV HI效价为7.5～11.2 log2；免疫后21 d,0.02 mL/只剂量组对两种毒株的攻毒保护率均为9/10，其余剂量组均为10/10保护。研究表明，二联灭活疫苗对SPF鸡安全，以0.1 mL/只的剂量免疫SPF鸡21 d可... 相似文献
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为探讨不同免疫接种途径对鸡新城疫(ND)弱毒疫苗免疫效果的影响,我们将健康1日龄海兰蛋公鸡雏鸡(48只)随机分为滴鼻免疫组、肌肉注射免疫组、后海穴常规剂量免疫组和后海穴半剂量免疫组,每组12只.分别于第14日龄和28日龄接种新城疫IV系弱毒苗(LaSota株)1羽份/只,后海穴半剂量免疫组接种0.5羽份/只.分别于免疫前和免疫后7、14、21d和28d称重,无菌操作采血,分离血清,检测血清中的血凝抑制效价(HI).结果显示:与常规途径免疫组相比,后海穴常规剂量免疫组和后海穴半剂量免疫组可显著增强鸡血清NDV特异性HI效价(P＜0.05),且显著提高试验鸡只的日增重(P＜0.05);滴鼻免疫组与肌肉注射免疫组相比,虽然增加了HI效价,但统计学比较差异不显著(P＞0.05).试验结果说明后海穴接种鸡新城疫疫苗可显著提高鸡血清NDV的HI效价,提高鸡生产性能,同时节约疫苗用量. 相似文献
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以肉鸡脾为原料，采用超滤法制备鸡脾转移因子（Transferfactor，TF）。单独使用鸡脾TF以及与疫苗联合使用，比较不同剂量、不同使用时间对肉鸡平均日增重、死亡率、淋巴细胞比率、免疫器官指数、巨噬细胞吞噬指数的影响。结果显示，当鸡群处于健康状况时，使用鸡脾TF对试验结果影响不大，但当鸡群处于非健康状态时，使用鸡脾TF可以改善免疫应答指标，明显提高鸡群的抗病力和日增重。疫苗加TF组与单用疫苗组相比，差异不显著（P〉0．05），但在降低死亡率和促进鸡增重以及提高巨噬细胞吞噬功能方面，疫苗组与对照组差异显著（P〈0．05），疫苗加TF组与对照组差异极显著（P〈0．01）。处于亚健康状态的鸡群使用鸡脾TF可提高机体抗病力，可与疫苗免疫同时使用，临床饮水使用的最佳剂量为0．5mL／只。 相似文献
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为了研究苜蓿多糖对新城疫弱毒苗免疫鸡所产生的免疫调节作用,本研究选择1日龄海兰雏鸡120羽,随机分为4组,每组30羽,7日龄每羽用鸡新城疫活疫苗（La Sota株）免疫,28日龄以相同剂量进行加强免疫。其中3个试验组从7日龄开始分别肌肉注射低、中、高剂量（10、25、50μg/mL）的苜蓿多糖,对照组注射生理盐水,1次/d,连用7 d。于14、21、28、35、42、49、56日龄,通过静脉采血,用MTT法检测外周血淋巴细胞吸光度值（OD值）;同时用微量法检测血清中新城疫病毒血凝抑制（HI）抗体效价。结果显示,苜蓿多糖能够显著提高外周血淋巴细胞OD值,中剂量组（25μg/mL）淋巴细胞OD值最大;苜蓿多糖能够显著提高血清中新城疫病毒HI抗体效价,中剂量组免疫后期抗体存在时间长,抗体高峰期持续时间也长。本试验表明合适剂量苜蓿多糖对新城疫弱毒苗的免疫效果有明显的增强作用。 相似文献
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鸡新城疫、禽流感(H9亚型)二联油乳剂灭活疫苗最小免疫剂量试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
将ND-AI(H9亚型)二联苗分别以1.0、0.5、0.2、0.1、0.05、0.02 mL 6个不同剂量免疫5周龄SPF鸡,免疫后3周采血测NDV及AIV 的HI抗体,并用H9亚型AIV及NDV F48株攻击.结果表明,这6个免疫组鸡的NDV HI抗体几何平均效价分别为2 10、2 8.8、2 8.5、2 7.0、2 6.1、2 5.7;AIV HI抗体水平分别为2 9.3、2 8.4、2 7.7、2 5.7、2 5.1、2 2.8;对照组鸡的NDV及AIV HI抗体均为零.攻毒试验证实,以0.1～1.0 mL剂量免疫鸡获得了100%的抵抗NDV及AIV强毒攻击的保护力;0.02 mL和 0.05 mL的免疫剂量也可使其对NDV与AIV的保护率达到90%～100%. 相似文献
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为研究鸡白细胞介素2对新城疫La Sota弱毒苗免疫效果的促进作用,纯化真核重组质粒pcDNAChIL-2,细胞转染验证后,将重组质粒分为0,5,10,20和30μg 5个剂量组,分别与LaSota弱毒苗同时免疫7日龄雏鸡,免疫后7d,每隔1周分离鸡血清,测量血清中NDV的HI效价.结果表明,混合注射有pcDNAChIL-2重组质粒雏鸡的NDV抗体产生的水平显著升高,其中以20和30μg剂量组最为明显,提示ChIL-2可有效促进La Sota弱毒苗的免疫效果. 相似文献
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黄芪多糖对肉鸡新城疫免疫效果的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究黄芪多糖在新城疫(ND) La Sota疫苗免疫过程中对肉鸡免疫效果的影响.120只1日龄肉雏鸡随机分为3组,每组40只鸡.分为对照组、试验I和Ⅱ组.所有肉鸡于21和42 d分别进行La Sota疫苗的首免和二免,胸肌注射,0.3 mL/羽.试验I组每只鸡分别注射0.3mL黄芪多糖注射液;试验Ⅱ组每只鸡分别注射0.6mL黄芪多糖注射液;对照组正常饲喂全价料.试验结束时称量肉鸡质量,测定脾和法氏囊指数;分别在首免前1d、首免7、14和21 d及二免14和21 d测定ND抗体效价.结果表明:试验Ⅰ和Ⅱ组肉鸡体质量、脾和法氏囊指数均高于对照组,差异显著;试验Ⅰ组从首免21 d开始与对照组差异显著;试验Ⅱ组首免14 d开始与对照组差异显著.从而得出黄芪多糖提高肉鸡体质量和免疫器官指数及新城疫血凝抑制试验抗体效价. 相似文献
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为评价禽流感灭活疫苗（H5N2亚型,D7株）与同类产品对不同日龄鸭及SPF鸡的免疫效果,将该疫苗与国内两家禽流感生产企业的2批重组禽流感灭活疫苗（H5N1亚型,Re-5株）分别免疫鸭和SPF鸡,免疫后14、21、28、42 d采血测定各免疫组的HI抗体效价。禽流感灭活疫苗（D7株）以0.25 mL剂量免疫鸭后14 d,所有免疫组鸭的HI抗体几何平均滴度（GMT）即能达到6㏒2以上,28 d HI抗体GMT达到峰值9.1㏒2,而两批重组禽流感灭活疫苗以0.5 mL剂量免疫鸭21 d后HI抗体GMT均没有达到6㏒2;两种疫苗分别免疫21日龄SPF鸡21 d后各免疫组的HI抗体GMT基本相似。试验结果表明,禽流感灭活疫苗（D7株）对鸭的免疫效果要明显优于重组禽流感灭活疫苗(Re-5株),而对鸡的免疫效果相似。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献