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从4窝杜长大仔猪中随机选择供试猪36头,分成4组,每组9头,设1个对照组和3个试验组。对照组喂全价精料。试一组用新鲜牧草代替对照组10%精料,试二组用新鲜牧草代替对照组20%精料,试三组用牧草代替30%精料。结果表明,在生长肥育猪日粮中添加优质鲜草替代10%～20%的精料,不但对生猪生长速度没有明显影响,而且还能降低生产成本,提高经济效益。 相似文献
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黄增利 《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2007,(6):53-54
选用30只体重约为20kg的健康杂交山羊(波尔山羊×本地山羊),随机分为3组,即对照组、试验1组(添加1.5%的尿素组)、试验2组(添加4%尿素复合添加剂组),研究尿素复合添加剂对山羊生产性能的影响。结果表明,试验2组平均日增重比对照组提高24.53%(P<0.05),干物质料肉比降低13.63%,精料料肉比降低19.82%(P<0.05),效果优于试验一组(单独添加尿素组)。屠宰率、净肉率和脂胴比各组之间没有显著差异。 相似文献
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研究旨在探讨日粮中以酶解豆粕部分或完全替代鱼粉对断奶仔猪的诱食差异以及在教槽、保育不同阶段对仔猪生长性能的影响。试验一选取体重为（6.00±0.50） kg的三元断奶仔猪144头，按体重随机分为3组，即0鱼粉+20%酶解豆粕组、2%鱼粉+10%酶解豆粕组和4%鱼粉+0酶解豆粕组，分别与1%鱼粉+15%酶解豆粕日粮组（对照组）比较诱食性。试验二（大群试验，仅验证教槽阶段酶解豆粕替代鱼粉饲喂效果）选取平均体重（5.74±0.40） kg的三元断奶仔猪500头，按体重随机分为添加酶解豆粕的试验组和基础日粮对照组，进行为期10 d的饲养试验。试验三选取体重在（9.88±0.58） kg三元保育仔猪60头，随机分为添加酶解豆粕的试验组和基础日粮对照组，进行为期35 d的饲养试验。结果表明：利用酶解豆粕部分替代鱼粉可以改善教槽料适口性，极显著提高采食偏向性（P<0.01），仔猪生长性能指标（平均日增重、平均日采食量、料重比、腹泻率）及外貌性状（毛发评分，皮肤亮度、红度、黄度）方面均无显著差异（P>0.05），但添加酶解豆粕的试验组较对照组指标略有提升趋势：对体重在（5.74±0.40）... 相似文献
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本试验旨在探究饲粮中添加面包粉对哺乳母猪繁殖性能及断奶仔猪、保育仔猪和生长肥育猪生长性能的影响。试验1：选取体重接近、健康状况良好的待产前1周的“长×大”二元杂交母猪50头，随机分为2组，每组25个重复，每个重复1头母猪。对照组饲喂哺乳母猪饲粮，试验组饲喂用12%的面包粉代替对照组饲粮中部分玉米和豆油的饲粮，饲养试验至仔猪断奶后结束。试验2：选取体重[（7.00±0.71） kg]相近的351头“杜×长×大”断奶仔猪，随机分为3组，每组9个重复，每个重复13头仔猪。对照组饲喂断奶仔猪饲粮，试验组分别饲喂用10%和20%面包粉代替对照组饲粮中部分玉米、豆粕和豆油的饲粮，饲养试验持续10 d。试验3：选取体重[（13.43±0.87） kg]相近的72头“杜×长×大”保育仔猪，随机分为3组，每组4个重复，每个重复6头仔猪。对照组饲喂保育仔猪饲粮，试验组分别饲喂用6%和12%面包粉代替对照组饲粮中部分玉米、豆粕和豆油的饲粮，饲养试验持续30 d。试验4：选取体重[（32.60±0.78） kg]接近的252头“杜×长×大”生长肥育猪，随机分为3组，每组44个重复，每4个重复21头猪。对照组饲... 相似文献
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为了研究无精蛋粉在黄羽肉鸡育雏生产中的应用是否可行，本试验用无精蛋粉部分或全部代替黄羽肉雏鸡饲料中的豆粕，进行为期35 d的饲喂。以全豆粕配方为对比配方（1组），以饲料配方中添加5%无精蛋粉为2组，以饲料配方中添加10%无精蛋粉为3组，以100%无精蛋粉代替饲料配方中的豆粕为4组。饲喂结束后对所有雏鸡的生长速度、死淘率、料肉比和综合成本进行对比。结果得出：雏鸡0～35日龄生长速度以第2组最快，脱温体重为947.80 g，第4组雏鸡生长速度最慢，脱温体重为880.40 g，第1组脱温体重为884.80 g，与第4组差异不显著（P>0.05），与第2组差异极显著（P<0.01）;0～35日龄料肉比以第2组最低（达1.79），第4组最高（为2.04），组间差异显著（P<0.05）；各试验组间的死淘率差异不显著；第4组综合成本最低，经济效益最好。 相似文献
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试验旨在探讨中草药添加剂对肉羊生产性能的影响,选取100只体况中等、发育良好、健康无病、体重相近的2月龄断奶肉杂羔羊,随机分成4组,3个试验组分别按精料量的1%、1.5%、2%添加中草药添加剂,对照组不添加。结果表明在肉羊饲料中添加1%—2%中草药添加剂,可提高肉羊的生长速度和经济效益,增强防病、抗病能力,其中1.5%中草药添加效果最好,经济效益最高。 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2017,(21)
试验旨在筛选出膨化大豆在生长育肥猪日粮中替代豆粕的最适添加量。试验选用胎次相近、健康的"杜×长×大"三元猪80头[公母各半,平均体重为(35.83±5.07)kg],按照体重相近、公母各半的原则随机分为4个试验组,每组5个重复,每个重复4头猪。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,试验组日粮分别用10%、30%和50%的膨化大豆等量替代对照组日粮中的豆粕和豆油,研究日粮中使用膨化大豆替代豆粕对颗粒饲料加工质量的影响及对生长育肥猪生长性能的影响。试验结果表明:与对照组相比,日粮中膨化大豆等量替代豆粕+豆油可提高生长猪的生长性能,但对颗粒饲料加工质量和育肥猪的生长性能均无显著影响。生长猪可通过日粮中添加膨化大豆替代豆粕来提高其生长性能。 相似文献
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在玉米—豆粕型日粮中添加α-半乳糖苷酶对生长猪生产性能的影响 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
试验研究了玉米—豆粕型日粮中添加α-半乳糖苷酶对生长猪生产性能的影响。选择128头平均体重为26kg左右的杜大长三元杂交仔猪,按体重和性别随机分成2个处理组,每处理4个重复,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂在基础日粮中添加0.15%含250U/g的α-半乳糖苷酶复合酶的日粮,进行为期66d的试验。结果表明,与对照组相比,玉米—豆粕型日粮中添加α-半乳糖苷酶的试验组,日增重提高9.59%,料重比降低9.03%,每千克增重饲料成本降低0.45元,经济效益提高8.06%。说明在玉米—豆粕型日粮中添加α-半乳糖苷酶可显著提高生长猪的生产性能。 相似文献
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本研究探讨了在日粮中添加尿素替代部分豆粕对山羊瘤胃发酵、上皮细胞增殖、凋亡和吸收转运能力的影响。将18 只波杂山羊随机分为3 组（n=6）,分别饲喂3 种日粮：LC组（纯粗料）、MC组（30%精料）以及Urea组（1%DM缓释尿素替代部分豆粕+30%精料）。饲喂Urea组和MC组的山羊瘤胃中短链脂肪酸（SCFA）浓度、pH值均显著高于LC组,而该两组之间无显著差异;但Urea组在MC组的基础上进一步显著提高了瘤胃NH3和血浆尿素氮（BUN）浓度。因此日粮添加尿素对于瘤胃上皮中受瘤胃SCFA浓度、pH值调节的上皮生长、细胞周期、增殖凋亡相关基因和SCFA转运载体mRNA表达的影响与MC组相似,但对受瘤胃NH3调节的尿素转运、细胞内pH（pHi）调节相关蛋白mRNA表达则有显著的抑制效果,即显著高于LC组,但低于MC组。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献