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三种营养需要模式对生长肥育猪生产性能、胴体品质和瘦肉生长的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
试验选用体重约20.4kg的三元杂交[杜×(大×长)]猪96头 ,分为3个处理 ,每个处理4个重复 ,分别饲喂3种营养需要模式的饲粮 ,生长期猪体重为20～50kg,肥育期为50～92kg,研究3种营养需要模式对生长肥育猪生产性能、胴体品质和胴体瘦肉生长的影响。结果表明 ,采用建议的营养需要模式配制的饲粮饲养生长肥育猪 ,获得的生产性能、胴体品质、胴体瘦肉增重和无脂瘦肉增重以及胴体瘦肉成分与采用NRC(1998)营养需要模式配制的饲粮相近 ,而且20～90kg 期间无脂瘦肉增重已达到NRC(1998)认为的具有中-高瘦肉生长速度。采用中国(1987)营养需要模式配制的饲粮饲养生长肥育猪 ,其生产性能、胴体瘦肉增重和无脂瘦肉增重都极显著低于上述两种营养需要模式的饲粮 ,综合胴体品质也较差。从本试验结果看来 ,建议的营养需要模式可满足杜×(大×长)生长肥育猪的需要 相似文献
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华南地区杜×(大×长)生长肥育猪的生产性能、瘦肉生长速度和营养需要量预测的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
为验证NRC(1998)猪营养需要模型 ,进而建立我国生长肥育猪营养需要模型 ,本试验选用华南地区杜× (大×长 )生长肥育猪 ,测定其在20～100kg 的生产性能、无脂瘦肉生长速度 ,并预测其营养需要量。结果表明 :①猪平均日增重、日采食量和料重比分别为737g/d、1883g/d和2.56:1。②采用剥离胴体瘦肉实测的胴体无脂瘦肉生长速度为288g/d ,采用胴体指标估测的值为285g/d和292g/d。③用实测的无脂瘦肉生长速度建立了赖氨酸需要量的数学模型 :真可消化赖氨酸需要量 (mg/d )=7652.7059 +115.36W +1.1718W 2-0.01882W3+36W0.75。 相似文献
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生长肥育猪胴体品质和瘦肉生长指数的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为验证NRC( 1998)生长猪营养需要模型 ,进而建立我国生长猪营养需要模型 ,本试验在较高营养水平下研究测定了生长肥育猪生产性能、胴体品质和瘦肉生长指数。全期试验结果表明 ,在一定营养水平和环境条件下 ,公、母猪日增重、采食量、饲料转化率差异不显著 (P >0 .0 5) ,但公猪日增重有高于母猪日增重的趋势。胴体品质上 ,公、母猪热胴体重、瘦肉重、背脂、瘦肉脂肪含量差异不显著 (P >0 .0 5)。通过测定热胴体重、最后肋背脂得到瘦肉生长指数为 :去势公猪 2 78g/d ,母猪 2 82g/d ,公母平均 2 81g/d。通过测定热胴体重 ,第 10肋背脂、第 10肋眼肌面积得到的瘦肉生长指数为 :去势公猪 2 56g/d ;母猪 2 72g/d ;公母平均 2 64g/d。将瘦肉生长指数、温度、饲养密度等参数输入NRC( 1998)模型得到的营养需要量估测值有一定实际意义 ,但在实践中的应用情况有待进一步评估验证 相似文献
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为修订我国生长肥育猪饲养标准 ,本试验分别设计低、中、高三种营养水平日粮 ,研究生长肥育猪的营养需要 ,并应用超声波测定背脂和眼肌厚度 ,通过瘦肉生长率进一步评价营养需要参数。饲养试验结果表明 :低、中、高三种营养水平组不同生长阶段日增重、采食量差异不显著 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;2 0～ 35kg阶段饲料转化率差异不显著 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,其它生长阶段 ,高营养水平组饲料转化率优于低营养水平组 (P <0 .0 5 )。超声波测得低、中、高三种营养水平组瘦肉生长率分别为 2 6 3、2 79、2 81g/d(P >0 .0 5 )。从本试验结果并结合生产实践综合考虑 ,生长肥育猪 2 0～ 35kg阶段 ,日粮以能量浓度 12 .97MJ/kg、粗蛋白 15 .5 %、赖氨酸 0 .77%为宜 ;35～ 6 0kg阶段 ,以能量浓度 13.6 0MJ/kg、粗蛋白 14 .7%、赖氨酸 0 .71%为宜 ;6 0～ 90kg阶段 ,以能量浓度 13.6 0MJ/kg、粗蛋白 13.3%、赖氨酸 0 .6 1%为宜 相似文献
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生长肥育猪无脂瘦肉生长率和赖氨酸需要量模型的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
在全国选择具有典型区域、气候和猪种特点的5个地区[华北(北京)、华中(武汉)、华南(广州)、西南(重庆)、东北(哈尔滨)],5个杂交品种(长白×大白×北京黑、杜×长×大、杜×大×长、长白×荣昌、长白×哈白)生长肥育猪258头。试验均以玉米一豆粕型日粮为基础日粮,预混料统一配制,在日粮充分营养水平下,屠宰分析了150头生长肥育猪胴体无脂瘦肉重,得到各品种猪胴体无脂瘦肉生长率。长白×大白×北京黑、杜×长×大、杜×大×长、长白×荣白、长白×哈白猪胴体无脂瘦肉生长率分别为261、259、311、200、220 g/d。利用胴体无脂瘦肉重建立了赖氨酸需要量模型,该模型对真可消化赖氨酸需要量的预测值与生产实际相接近。 相似文献
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广东肇庆地区猪饲养标准试验协作组 《中国畜牧杂志》1981,(3)
<正> 我区于1979年8月至1980年6月,进行了生长肥育猪的饲养试验,共39个试验组,367头猪。试验统一按南方7省小型早熟猪生长肥育的营养需要“试验设计要点”,分别设计试验方案,用3个不同的营养水平,对以肇庆地区地方猪种为母本,外国种公猪(长白、约克、巴克夏)为父本的杂种一代进行饲养试验。 相似文献
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在提供充分营养水平的条件下 ,通过饲养试验和屠宰试验测定华南地区杜× (大×长 )生长肥育猪在 2 0～ 10 0kg的生产性能、胴体品质和无脂瘦肉生长速度。结果 :①公、母猪平均日增重、日采食量和饲料转化率分别为 0 .74kg/d、1.88kg/d和 2 .5 6。② 10 0kg体重时的热胴体重、最后肋背脂厚度、第 10肋背脂厚度、第 10肋眼肌面积、屠宰率和瘦肉率分别为 73.2kg、1.83cm、2 .13cm、4 1.4 0cm2 、74 .0 5 %、6 0 .39% ;③胴体无脂瘦肉生长速度为 2 88g/d。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献