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利用HI和AGP方法检测普通种蛋中ND和IBD的卵黄抗体水平,利用HA和EID50检测方法比较多种病毒(如NDV、IBV、IBDV及AEV)在SPF鸡胚与普通鸡胚上繁殖性能的差异。研究结果表明:普通种蛋中ND及IBD的卵黄抗体水平普遍较高,在SPF鸡胚上新城疫LaSota病毒繁殖量是普通鸡胚的5～20倍,尿囊液血凝效价平均高2.0～2.5滴度。MA5毒株在SPF胚病毒液EID50为普通鸡胚的10倍以上熏且每次检测的结果比较接近。IBDV、AEV等病毒在普通鸡胚上几乎不能增殖。 相似文献
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利用HI和AGP方法检测普通种蛋中ND和IBD的卵黄抗体水平，利用HA和EID50检测方法比较多种病毒(如NDV、IBV、IBDV及AEV)在SPF鸡胚与普通鸡胚上繁殖性能的差异。研究结果表明：普通种蛋中ND及IBD的卵黄抗体水平普遍较高，在SPF鸡胚上新城疫La Sota病毒繁殖量是普通鸡胚的5～20倍，尿囊液血凝效价平均高2.0～2.5滴度。MA5毒株在SPF胚病毒液EID50为普通鸡胚的10倍以上，且每次检测的结果比较接近。IBDV、AEV等病毒在普通鸡胚上几乎不能增殖。 相似文献
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致病性鹅源新城疫病毒对鸡胚成纤维细胞的致病变特性 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
选择4株鹅源新城疫病毒(NDV)接种鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)培养物,研究鹅源NDV对CEF的致病变特性,并与鸡源及鸽源NDV进行比较。结果显示,鹅源NDV接种次代CEF后24h开始有病变产生,表现为少数细胞变圆、皱缩,折光性增强,随后病变缓慢进展,感染细胞形成大量合胞体,到84～144h时,CEF单层彻底破坏;鸡源和鸽源MDV接种CEF后也在24h左右开始有病变产生,最初病变与鹅源毒株导致的病变相似,但病变进展迅速,细胞显著裂解并导致单层的严重破坏,60～84h时细胞单层即彻底破坏。对病毒接种后不同时间段培养物上清血凝(HA)效价的测定结果表明,鹅源NDV接种后84～120h培养物上清HA效价达到高峰,为5～8 log2,鸡源和鸽源NDV接种后60～84h HA效价即可达到高峰,但其最高效价只有4 log2。 相似文献
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该试验对实验室保存的已适应于鸡胚的鸡新城疫病毒(NDV)分离株进行了鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)和仓鼠肾传代细胞(BHK21)的接种传代,同时利用96孔微量多孔板培养BHK21细胞单层,并在其上测定NDV分离株的细胞半数感染量(TCID50)。结果表明：NDV分离株在CEF和BHK21细胞上引起典型的细胞病变,细胞变圆、聚集、脱落,残留的细胞呈拉网状结构。NDV分离株在BHK21细胞上的TCID50为0．02mL 10^-6.75稀释的病毒液。 相似文献
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在Vero细胞上适应且连续传17代的传染性法氏囊病病毒X毒株IBDVX,再经鸡胚成纤维细胞CEF连续传代后,得到了适应CEF细胞生长且毒力相对稳定的的弱毒株(IBDVX-28)。IBDVX-28~IBDVX-43代毒均能在72h~96h内产生明显的细胞病变效应(CPE),半数细胞感染量(TCID50)在10-8.47/0.1mL~10-9.26/0.1mL之间,半数鸡胚感染量(EID50)在10-4.71/0.2mL~10-5.80/0.2mL之间。致病性试验表明,各代次毒能引起10日龄鸡胚40%~50%的感染或死亡,对30日龄SPF小鸡基本无致病性,所有试验鸡均未见法氏囊明显的眼观病变,囊指数(b/B)平均为0.35±0.040;IBDVX-28代毒在雏鸡体内回归6代,均未见法氏囊明显的眼观病变,囊指数保持稳定。 相似文献
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为抑制传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)的复制,本研究构建了靶向IBDV VP1和VP2基因的鸡双向U6启动子(chU6)双拷贝shRNA重组表达质粒pchU6-shRNA12,将其转染鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF),再接种IBDV,72 h后,未出现细胞病变(CPE),病毒滴度小于101 TCID50/0.1mL;而转染空质粒和未转染两个对照组均出现明显的CPE,病毒滴度均达到108.75 TCID50/0.1 mL.此外,将pchU6-shRNA12与IBDV混合,接种于10日龄SPF鸡胚尿囊腔,96 h后,鸡胚发育正常,病毒滴度小于101 ELD5,0/0.1 mL,实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测VP1和VP2基因,比单纯接种IBDV组分别降低92％和95％;而含有空质粒和不含质粒两个对照组鸡胚则全部死亡,病毒滴度均达到107.00 ELD50/0.1mL.本研究结果表明,chU6启动子在双拷贝shRNA表达质粒pchU6-shRNA12中能高效驱动双拷贝shRNA的转录,生成的siRNA在CEF(in vitro)和鸡胚体内(in vivo)均能有效抑制IBDV的复制. 相似文献
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为获得高效表达犬流感病毒(CIV)HA和NA抗原的疫苗株,本实验通过反向遗传操作技术将A/canine/Zhejiang/01/2010(H3N2)犬流感病毒(简称ZJCIV)的HA和NA基因与A/Puerto Rico/8/34(H1N1)病毒(PR8)的6个内部基因进行重组,拯救并获得了一株重组病毒CIV-PR8。分别用含100 EID50的CIV-PR8和ZJCIV感染SPF鸡胚,含2×103TCID50的CIV-PR8和ZJCIV感染MDCK细胞,不同时间段取病毒样品测定血凝效价和TCID50值。两者比较表明,CIV-PR8分别在接种后36 h和48 h时血凝效价达到峰值,鸡胚尿液中效价可达210,为野生病毒株的16倍;细胞上清血凝价可达28,为野生病毒株的4倍;病毒增殖曲线表明通过鸡胚扩增和细胞扩增,CIV-PR8的滴度均高于野生病毒株ZJCIV。结果表明,拯救的CIV-PR8增殖能力明显高于野生病毒株ZJCIV,该重组病毒有望成为犬流感疫苗研制的候选病毒株。 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献