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氯霉素残留的危害及其检测方法 总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22
氯霉素属广谱抗生素 ,曾在畜牧业中广为应用。但氯霉素有较强的副作用和毒性作用 ,如果氯霉素在食用动物中残留 ,可通过食物链传给人类 ,长期微量摄入氯霉素 ,不仅使人体肠道正常菌群失调 ,而且还会引起多种疾病 ,对人类的健康造成危害。世界上许多国家禁止此药用于生产食品动物 ,并规定了在畜产品中氯霉素不得检出。对于氯霉素的残留 ,存在多种检测方法 ,不同的检测方法具有不同的检出限。检测限问题已成为关注的焦点 ,发达国家对检出限的要求越来越严格 相似文献
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氯霉素残留ELISA检测方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
2002年农业部第235号公告《动物源性食品中兽药最高残留限量》中明确规定氯霉素禁止使用,在动物性食品中不得检出。所以建立检测动物源性食品中痕量氯霉素残留的分析方法具有重要的意义。目前常用于氯霉素残留的检测方法有微生物法、免疫分析方法、色谱法等,比较常用的是酶联免疫法和色谱法。酶联免役法（EUSA）因其具有操作简便、快速等优点,成为畜产品中农药残留、毒素、农药、微生物检测中最重要的检测技术之一。本文旨在建立畜产品中氯霉素残留的快速检测方法,并为进一步研制开发氯霉素残留检测试剂盒奠定基础。 相似文献
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酶标免疫测定法（EIA）在检测动物性食品中氯霉素残留的应用 总被引：29，自引：4，他引：25
酶标免疫测定法（ＥＩＡ）在检测动物性食品中氯霉素残留的应用刘智宏（中国兽药监察所，北京１０００８１）众所周知氯霉素（ＣＡＰ）是较有效的广谱抗生素，它常用于动物各种传染性疾病的治疗。但是氯霉素有着严重的副作用，它能引起人类的再生障碍性贫血、粒状白细胞缺... 相似文献
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动物性食品中氯霉素残留检测的研究进展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
氯霉素是一类作用强、抗菌谱广的抗生素，曾经是畜禽疾病防治的重要药物，但是，氯霉素在动物性食品中残留对人造成的损害已引起重视。笔者就动物性食品中氯霉素残留检测的方法和概况做一综述。 相似文献
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关注兽药残留危害 重视食品安全 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
俗话说“病从口入”，食品是人类赖以生存的惟一物质来源。作为食品，必须首先保证安全。我国动物源食品中药物残留问题比较严重，近几年相继发生的畜产品中”瘦肉精”残留中毒事件、出口禽产品中氯羟吡啶。磺胺喹口恶啉残留超标事件以及水产品中氯霉素残留事件等．尤其是2001年11月7日在广东省河源发生的中毒事件， 相似文献
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虾肉中氯霉素甲砜霉素氟苯尼考及氟苯尼考胺残留气相色谱-微电子捕获检测法 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
氯霉素类药物是一类广谱抗生素，主要包括氯霉素（CAP）、甲砜霉素（TAP）和氟苯尼考（FF），兽医临床上用于治疗畜禽的细菌性疾病。但由于氯霉素具有抑制造血功能及引起再生障碍性贫血等毒性作用，因此许多国家都禁止将其应用于食品动物。甲砜霉素的毒性较氯霉素低，但其抗菌效能不及氯霉素。而氟苯尼考作为新型氯霉素类抗生素，在安全性和有效性方面比氯霉素和甲砜霉素具有明显的优势，已在养殖业中大规模使用，但由于兽医临床的滥用、误用，细菌耐药性问题越来越严重，因此我国、欧盟及美国均规定了动物组织中氟苯尼考的最大残留限量。 相似文献
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动物源性食品的养殖药残问题不可忽视 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
最近一个时期，动物源性食品的安全卫生质量问题频频见诸于报端。从“瘦肉精”、“氯霉素”等药残问题到各种有毒有害方便食品，无一不有。这不仅使广大消费者心存疑虑，也使动物源食品的出口受到前所未有的阻隔，间接的给养殖业一个沉重的打击。不久前，欧盟委员会有关机构通过了全面禁止进口中国动物源性食品的决议。在此之前，欧盟从中国进口的虾和对虾中发现强力抗生药物的残留，认为对人类健康会构成潜在威胁，导致欧洲部分地区陷入食品恐慌。受到进口限制影响的中国动物产品包括：兔肉、禽肉、蜂蜜、软体动物肉类、甲壳类、冻虾、对虾… 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献