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穿心莲[Andrographis paniculata(Burm.f.)Ness]又名榄核莲,系爵床科穿心莲属植物。其有效成分为穿心莲内酯、脱氧穿心莲内酯和新穿心莲内酯等,为中草药中较好的抗菌消炎药物。近年来兽因临床广泛用于防治畜禽呼吸道感染、肠道疾病及某些发热性疾患。由本所兽药实验厂生产的复方穿心莲(利禽素)、胆酸穿心莲以及复方禽菌灵(原名为禽菌灵)都是 相似文献
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给肺炎模型小鼠腹腔分别注射高剂量（200mg／kg·d）和低剂量（100mg／kg·d）的穿心莲内酯，7d后，测定小鼠肺脏指数、肺组织病理变化和血液中相关免疫细胞数量的变化，探讨穿心莲内酯对呼吸道感染的影响。结果表明，与模型组相比，穿心莲内酯高、低剂量组小鼠肺脏病变评分显著降低（P〈0．01）；穿心莲内酯高剂量组小鼠肺指数显著降低（P〈0．05）；穿心莲内酯高、低剂量组小鼠血液中淋巴细胞数量显著降低（P〈0．05），穿心莲内酯低剂量组小鼠血液中中性粒细胞数量显著升高（P〈0．05）。说明穿心莲内酯能显著降低肺炎小鼠淋巴细胞数量和小鼠肺指数，减缓或消退肺部炎症，对小鼠呼吸道感染有明显保护作用。 相似文献
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为探究穿心莲内酯磺化物注射液的解热、镇痛、抗炎作用,将SD大鼠和KM小鼠分别随机分为空白组,阳性药穿心莲注射液组,穿心莲内酯磺化物注射液高、中、低剂量组。通过皮下注射干酵母诱导大鼠发热模型探究其解热作用;通过冰醋酸致小鼠扭体法探究其镇痛作用;通过二甲苯诱导小鼠耳肿胀法及λ-角叉菜胶诱导大鼠足肿胀法探究其抗炎作用。结果表明,穿心莲内酯磺化物注射液可显著抑制干酵母所致发热大鼠的肛温上升;显著抑制冰醋酸所致小鼠疼痛,减少扭体次数;显著降低二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀,减少肿胀度;显著抑制λ-角叉菜胶致大鼠足肿胀,减少肿胀度。由此可知,穿心莲内酯磺化物注射液具有明显的解热、镇痛、抗炎的作用。 相似文献
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为研究抗类风湿性关节炎蒙药组方花艽-6对正常小鼠和非特异性免疫功能低下模型小鼠非特异性免疫功能的作用,采用碳廓清法、重量法、ELISA法和CCK-8法,研究不同剂量的花艽-6对正常小鼠和氢化可的松(HC)致非特异性免疫低下小鼠的单核巨噬细胞吞噬功能、免疫器官重量、血清溶菌酶含量、脾NK细胞活性及IL-12分泌量等指标的影响。结果表明,低剂量(4g/kg)的花艽-6能显著恢复HC致非特异性免疫低下小鼠的单核巨噬细胞吞噬功能、免疫器官重量系数、血清中溶菌酶含量及脾NK细胞的活性,同时提高正常小鼠的单核巨噬细胞吞噬功能和血清中溶菌酶含量;高剂量(16g/kg)的花艽-6能显著提高和恢复HC致非特异性免疫低下小鼠的器官重量系数、血清中溶菌酶含量及脾NK细胞的吞噬率。提示低、高剂量的花艽-6均可显著提高正常小鼠和恢复HC致免疫低下小鼠的非特异性免疫功能。 相似文献
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采用液相色谱法测定穿白痢康丸中穿心莲内酯、脱水穿心莲内酯的含量.以甲醇-水（52∶48）为流动相;lnertsil@ODS-SP（250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm）为固定相;检测波长240 nm.穿心莲内酯在0.06-1.2 μg,脱水穿心莲内酯在0.04-0.80 μg范围内具有良好的线性关系;穿心莲内酯的平均加样回收率为98.6％,RSD为0.47％,脱水穿心莲内酯的平均加样回收率为99.3％,RSD为0.77％.该法简便、快速、准确可靠,可用于穿白痢康丸中穿心莲内酯和脱水穿心莲内酯的含量测定. 相似文献
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目的：开展四味穿心莲散的质量标准提高研究.方法：采用薄层色谱法对处方中大青叶进行定性鉴别.用高效液相色谱法对四味穿心莲散中穿心莲内酯和脱水穿心莲内酯进行含量测定,色谱条件：Diamonsil C18色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm）,流动相为甲醇-水,梯度洗脱,穿心莲内酯检测波长为225 nm,脱水穿心莲内酯检测波长为254 nm,流速为1.0 mL/min.结果：该薄层鉴别方法分离度良好,专属性强.穿心莲内酯的含量测定范围为0.052 6-0.526 1μg（r=0.999 3）,脱水穿心莲内酯的含量测定范围为0.051 7-0.517 3μg（r=0.999 7）.穿心莲内酯的加样回收率为99.2％,RSD为2.4％;脱水穿心莲内酯加样回收率为101.2％,RSD为1.6％.结论：该方法简便、准确、重现性好,可用于四味穿心莲散的质量控制. 相似文献
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本文从畜禽的免疫系统及功能入手,综述了益生菌对畜禽免疫的作用机理,益生菌在增强机体非特异性与特异性免疫应答等几个方面的研究进展,对影响益生菌对免疫调节作用的因素进行了总结. 相似文献
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免疫乳中特异性抗体对3种细菌所致小鼠腹泻的被动免疫保护作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以9株人肠道病原茵(大肠杆茵3株、志贺氏茵3株、沙门氏茵3株)制备的混合抗原对孕牛进行系统免疫，以获得对人致病肠道杆茵具有特异性的牛乳抗体。其免疫初乳中针对9种致病肠道杆茵的特异性IgG效价为2^11-2^12，为非免疫初乳的128-256倍；免疫常乳中针对9种致病肠道杆茵的特异性IgG效价为2^6-2^8。为非免疫常乳的16-64倍。动物实验表明，免疫初乳及效价为1：64的免疫常乳对肠产毒性大肠杆茵、鼠伤寒沙门茵、福氏志贺茵所致小鼠腹泻均有保护作用，这是由免疫乳中特异性IgG所决定的。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献