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1.
上海地区南、北高丛蓝莓品质及抗氧化活性比较 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为探讨南、北高丛蓝莓引种上海后,品质及花色苷抗氧化能力表现出的差异。以上海地区主栽的5个蓝莓品种为研究对象,测定果实品质、花青苷、总黄酮含量以及DPPH（1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼）自由基的清除能力、FRAP(ferric reducing antioxidant potential assay)总抗氧化能力等指标。结果表明,‘布里吉他’(Brigitta)的果形最大,达2.87 g;‘奥尼尔’(O’Neal)果实可溶性固形物含量最高,达13.44%;可滴定酸含量较低,酸固较高,果实风味浓郁;‘蓝丰’(Blue crop)酸固比最高,为11.8。蓝莓果实总黄酮、花色苷的测定中,‘埃利奥特’(Elliott)的花青苷及总黄酮含量均最高,同时DPPH和FRAP的测定值也最高。测定结果均反映出引种上海后,‘奥尼尔’(O’Neal)品质最好,适合做鲜食品种;‘埃利奥特’(Elliott)抗氧化能力最强适合做保健品加工品种。 相似文献
2.
《分子植物育种》2017,(9)
针对果实成熟时表现不同颜色的甜樱桃品种(黄色品种‘佐藤锦’,红色品种‘拉宾斯’),采用高效液相法测定分析其果实生长中花色苷主要成分及含量,采用RT-PCR克隆‘佐藤锦’的一个MYB基因,同时利用荧光定量PCR分析Pac MYBA基因在两个品种甜樱桃果实生长过程中的表达情况。结果表明,‘拉宾斯’果实转色后花色苷的积累上升趋势明显,成熟后花色苷含量高且组分由单一的一种逐渐丰富为3种;‘佐藤锦’果实转色后花色苷含量有所增加但增加幅度不大,且花色苷组分单一;二者在转色后Pac MYBA的相对表达上升趋势明显,成熟时‘拉宾斯’Pac MYBA的相对表达远高于‘佐藤锦’。本研究对解释甜樱桃果实生长过程中色泽变化及推测Pac MYBA对甜樱桃果实花色苷起正调控作用提供理论基础。 相似文献
3.
4.
研究了浙江地区主要栽培的"夏普兰""奥尼尔""粉蓝"和"杰兔"蓝莓品种的营养功能成分及感官品质特性。结果表明,"夏普兰"和"奥尼尔"品种单果质量大,水分含量、糖酸比和感官评价分数较高,适宜鲜食。其中,"奥尼尔"的总糖含量和糖酸比最高,分别为9.34±0.15 g/100 g和14.4±0.3,鲜食品质特性突出;"粉蓝"和"杰兔"的品种单果质量相对较小,糖酸比值低,但功能活性物质花色苷和总酚含量较高,适宜加工;"粉蓝"的花色苷和总酚含量最高,分别为363±15 mg/100 g和556±27 mg/100 g,更适宜功能活性物质的提取和制备。 相似文献
5.
<正>蓝莓原产北美洲,近几年国内开始引进不同的蓝莓品种试种并取得成功。蓝莓的果实含有丰富的花色苷(花青素),具有抗生素、抗自由基、抗视力退化,以及抗动脉硬化和抗血栓形成等作用。经常食用蓝莓制品,可明显增强视力、消除眼睛疲劳、营养皮肤、延缓脑神经衰老、增强心脏功能、预防老年痴呆。 相似文献
6.
通过研究不同果桑品种果实生长发育进程中果实重量、纵横径、糖酸、硬度、总酚类物质及花色苷含量变化,结果表明伴随着果实成熟进程,单果重、纵横径不断增大,但不同品种横纵径生长速度变化并不一致;硬度持续下降,且在全红期以后硬度下降显著;果实糖含量持续升高,到黑熟期骤然升高达到峰值;酸含量持续下降直至成熟;总酚类物质及花色苷含量随果实成熟不断升高,但合成进程并不同步。研究明确了果桑果实成熟过程中特有的变化规律,中桑5801品质、功能营养成分优于其他品种,831A果实成熟时硬度高于其他品种,更有利于贮藏保鲜、延长货架期。 相似文献
7.
研究了不同浓度氯化钙处理的复合保鲜垫纸对“蓝美1号”蓝莓采后品质的影响。分别采用1%、0.5% 氯化钙处理保鲜垫纸,并将其垫在聚乙烯蓝莓盒中,以未垫保鲜垫纸的蓝莓为对照,于模拟5—6月的天气条件下（28 ℃,相对湿度75%）贮藏6 d,观察分析蓝莓果实腐烂率、失重率、硬度、可溶性固形物含量、VC含量、花色苷含量等采后感官、理化、营养指标的变化。结果表明：1%氯化钙保鲜垫纸处理组有较好的保鲜效果,贮藏6 d时,其果实腐烂率为66.59%,失重率为10.22%,均显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）;硬度为0.58 kg·cm-2,可溶性固形物含量为8.75%,VC含量为8.66 μg·g-1,花色苷含量为1.92 mg·g-1,均高于对照组。本试验结果可以为蓝莓保鲜提供一种廉价、实用的方法。 相似文献
8.
七个紫甘薯品种块根花色苷含量的比较 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
运用紫外-可见分光光谱法,对引自日本和徐州并在云南昆明种植的7个紫甘薯品种进行分析,研究了不同甘薯品种块根中花色苷含量及其在同一块根中的分布和花色苷产量。结果表明:不同品种花色苷含量和产量差异显著,花色苷含量以徐13-4含量最高,为107.22mg/100gFW;花色苷产量以种子岛紫最高,达13036.5g/hm2,其次是徐13-4,为11663.7g/hm2;花色苷在块根中的分布不均匀,含量表现为块根表皮>中心组织>薯肉。徐13-4可作为选育花色苷专用品种的亲本,种子岛紫可作为企业生产花色苷原料的品种加以利用。 相似文献
9.
以“圆蓝”兔眼蓝莓为试材,研究了0．5％壳聚糖（0．4％高分子壳聚糖＋0．1％低分子壳聚糖）涂膜对常温贮藏蓝莓果实品质的影响。结果表明,在20℃常温条件下贮藏20d的过程中,壳聚糖涂膜可以有效减缓蓝莓果实感官品质及果实硬度的下降速度,降低腐烂率和失重率,保持较稳定的TSS和有机酸含量;抑制PPO活性的快速升高和MDA的大量积累：有效延长常温条件下的贮藏期,有利于保持采后蓝莓的品质。但对采后蓝莓果实中的花色苷含量无明显影响．对类黄酮的增加有一定的抑0作用。 相似文献
10.
避雨和露地栽培蓝莓采后贮藏品质差异分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《分子植物育种》2021,(12)
为探究避雨栽培与露地栽培蓝莓果实贮藏品质差异,采用避雨和露地两种栽培方式种植‘蓝丰’、‘北陆’蓝莓,采后用PET盒分装后放入聚乙烯(PE)袋中,0℃下预冷24 h后扎口冷藏,对比分析冷藏期间两种栽培方式蓝莓果实品质变化。结果表明,避雨栽培蓝莓果实可溶性固形物含量、可溶性糖含量显著高于露地栽培,可滴定酸含量、果实含水量和花色苷含量显著低于露地栽培,在采后0℃贮藏期间,避雨栽培果实相较露地栽培更能有效地抑制好果率的下降和果实质量损失率的升高,延缓果实水分含量、可滴定酸、可溶性固形物、总黄酮含量的下降,使可溶性糖含量维持在更高水平。因此,相对于露地栽培,避雨栽培蓝莓在采后低温贮藏期间能维持更好的果实品质和贮藏效果,果实贮藏期延长,这为采前避雨栽培措施调控蓝莓采后贮藏保鲜提供了实践指导。 相似文献
11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
13.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
14.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
15.
Mohammed Riyazaddin Polavarapu B. Kavi Kishor Are Ashok Kumar Belum V. S. Reddy Rajendra S. Munghate Hari C. Sharma 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(4):423-436
Sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata, is one of the important pests of postrainy season sorghums. Of the 90 sorghum genotypes evaluated for resistance to this pest, RHRB 12, ICSV 713, 25026, 93046 and 25027, IS 33844‐5, Giddi Maldandi and RVRT 3 exhibited resistance in postrainy season, while ICSB 463, Phule Anuradha, RHRB 19, Parbhani Moti, ICSV 705, PS 35805, IS 5480, 5622, 17726, 18368 and 34722, RVRT 1, ICSR 93031 and Dagidi Solapur showed resistance in rainy season, suggesting season‐specific expression of resistance to A. soccata. ICSB 461, ICSB 463, Phule Yasodha, M 35‐1, ICSV 700, 711, 25010, 25019 and 93089, IS 18662, Phule Vasudha, IS 18551 and 33844‐5 and Barsizoot had fewer deadhearts than plants with eggs across seasons, suggesting antibiosis as one of the resistance mechanism. Five genotypes exhibited resistance with high grain yield across seasons. Correlation, path and stepwise regression analyses indicated that leaf glossiness, seedling vigour, trichome density, oviposition and leaf sheath pigmentation were associated with the expression of resistance/susceptibility to shoot fly, and these can be used as marker traits to select and develop shoot fly‐resistant sorghums. 相似文献
16.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
17.
Summary
Hordeum chilense is a wild barley extensively used in wide crosses in the Triticeae. It could be a valuable source of resistance to Fusarium culmorum and Septoria nodorum. Some H. chilense x Triticum spp. amphiploids, named tritordeums, were more resistant than the parental wheat line to these diseases, others were not. Average contents of ergosterol and deoxynivalenol (DON) suggested that resistance to colonization by Fusarium was the highest for Hordeum chilense, followed by tritordeum and wheat in decreasing order. In particular, the H. chilense genotypes H7 and H17 enhanced the wheat resistance to F. culmorum in its tritordeum offsprings. Resistance to S. nodorum in tritordeum was not associated with tall plant height. There is sufficient genetic variation for resistance to F. culmorum and S. nodorum among tritordeum to allow the breeding of lines combining short straw and resistance to both diseases. 相似文献
18.
J. T. Fletcher 《Euphytica》1992,63(1-2):33-49
Summary Cultivars of tomatoes, cucumbers, lettuce and peppers have been bred for resistance to one or more pathogens. Some tomato and cucumber cultivars have resistance to a wide range of diseases. Resistance has been transient in many cases and a succession of cultivars with new genes or new combinations of resistance genes has been necessary to maintain control. There has been a number of notable exceptions and these have included durable resistance to such pathogens asFulvia fulva and tomato mosaic virus. With lettuce the resistance situation is complicated by the occurrence of fungicide resistant pathotypes. There are no strains ofAgaricus bisporus purposely bred for disease resistance.In protected flower crops only resistance to Fusarium wilt in carnations has been purposely bred but differences in disease resistance are apparent in cultivars of many ornamental crops. This is particularly so in chrysanthemums where there are cultivars with resistance to many of the major pathogens. Similar situations occur with other flower crops and pot plants. Cultivars of some species have not been systematically investigated for resistance.The need for genetic resistance will increase with the further reduction, in the limits on pesticide use and an increasing public awareness and importance of pesticide pollution.ADAS is an executive agency of the Ministry of Agiculture, Fisheries and Food and the Welsh Office. 相似文献
19.
M. Raj Ahuja 《Euphytica》2009,165(1):5-19
The genetic constitution and diversity of four relictual redwoods are discussed in this review. These include monotypic genera
of the family Cupressaceae: coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum), dawn redwood (Metasequoia glyptostroboides), and alerce (Fitzroya cupressoides). All four species are narrow endemics, share a number of common phenotypic traits, including red wood, and are threatened
species. Fossil history suggests that the ancestors of redwoods probably originated during the Cretaceous and Tertiary periods
and flourished thereafter for millions of years. Towards the end of the Tertiary period began their decline and struggle for
existence that continued during the subsequent geologic upheavals and climate changes, until the survival of the present-day
redwoods in the current restricted locations in the world (USA, China, and South America). Although two species, Sequoiadendron and Metasequoia, are diploids (2n = 22), and the other two are polyploids: Fitzroya a tetraploid (2n = 4x = 44), and Sequoia a hexaploid (2n = 6x = 66); they all share the same basic chromosome number x = 11. The genome size in the hexaploid Sequoia is one of the largest (31,500 MB) in the conifers, while the genome sizes of diploid Metasequoia and Sequoiadendron are about one-third (~10,000 MB) of Sequoia. Genetic diversity in the redwoods is lower than most other gymnosperms, except in Sequoia, which seems to rank near the upper quarter of the coniferous forest trees. Genomic research is sparse in the redwoods, and
should be pursued for a better understanding of their genome structure, function, and adaptive genetic diversity. 相似文献
20.
The induction in vitro of adventitious shoots in Rosa 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
Summary Adventitious shoots were formed on excised leaves, roots and callus of Rosa persica x xanthina and on excised leaves of R. laevigata and R. wichuraiana on culture media that included BAP and NAA as growth regulators. Shoots formed freely on freshly cultured callus of R. persica x xanthina but their production declined in successive cultures and ceased after twelve weeks. Transplantation to soil was improved by rooting plantlets in cellulose plugs in vitro and transferring plantlets to soil while still in the plugs. 相似文献