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1.
杂交对小梅山猪肉品质的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
小梅山猪杂交后，除背最长肌嫩度改善外，其它肉品质指标都有不同程度下降，除背最长肌肉色外，全部肉品质指标均为小梅山猪大于约小梅猪，约小梅猪大于长约小梅猪。一些肉质性状间相关显著，背最长肌和半肌肌纤维直径约为长约小梅猪显著大于小梅山猪和约小梅猪，小梅山猪和约小梅猪差异不显著，全群猪肌纤维直径除与熟肉率呈正相关外，与其它肉质指标都呈负相关。 相似文献
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为探讨东北民猪和野家杂交猪的肉质特点与差异,以东北民猪和野家杂交猪的背最长肌和股二头肌为试验材料,采用常规组织学技术和免疫组织化学技术,对东北民猪和野家杂交猪的肌纤维组织学特性进行比较研究。结果显示,野家杂交猪背最长肌的肌纤维直径显著大于东北民猪背最长肌的肌纤维直径(0.01P0.05),野家杂交猪股二头肌的肌纤维直径比东北民猪股二头肌的肌纤维直径大(P0.05),同品种不同部位的肌纤维直径差异不显著(P0.05),野家杂交猪的肌纤维密度比东北民猪的肌纤维密度大(P0.05),野家杂交猪背最长肌的肌纤维面积比东北民猪背最长肌的肌纤维面积大(P0.05),野家杂交猪股二头肌的肌纤维面积比东北民猪股二头肌的肌纤维面积小(P0.05)。野家杂交猪的快肌比东北民猪的多(P0.01),野家杂交猪的快肌所占比例比东北民猪的高。结果表明,东北民猪的猪肉品质比野家杂交猪的肉品质好。 相似文献
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品种、体重和营养对猪背最长肌肌纤维组织学特性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选用荣昌(RC)猪和杜×长×大(DLY)杂交猪为试验对象,研究猪背最长肌肌纤维直径和密度的发育性变化及品种与营养影响特点。结果表明:2个品种猪的背最长肌肌纤维直径和密度的发育规律较为类似,肌纤维直径随体重增加呈线性增长,而肌纤维密度则随体重增加呈乘幂方程式降低。相关分析表明,肌纤维密度与直径均存在极显著负相关(P≤0.003)。背最长肌肌纤维直径和密度在20～50kg阶段品种间差异不显著(P≥0.099),但在80kg,RC猪的肌纤维直径显著低于DLY猪(P=0.0043),而RC猪的肌纤维密度则显著高于DLY猪(P=0.0049)。饲粮营养水平对2个品种猪背最长肌的肌纤维直径和密度均无显著影响。以上结果提示,2个品种猪的背最长肌肌纤维的生长规律较为类似,但不同品种的肌纤维直径存在差异,主要表现在80kg,RC猪显著低于DLY猪,可能与其优良肉质有关。 相似文献
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关于提高肉脂质量的研究对杂种猪肌纤维结构和脂肪酸组成的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对９０公斤体重四个组合杂种猪有关性状的测定,结果表明：不同组合杂种猪的肉质正常,肉脂品质,肌肉纤维超微结构,背最长肌肌内脂肪脂肪酸组成成分含量,背脂脂肪酸组成成分含量有显著差异,肌肉失水力与肌肉肌原纤维直径呈显著正相关,,与肌节长度呈极显著负相关,与Ⅰ带长度呈显著负相关;肌肉肌原纤维直径与肌节长度呈极显著负相关;除葵酸,豆蔻酸,棕榈酸外,其它各脂肪酸均具有较强的相关性。 相似文献
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通过对梅山猪、杜洛克×梅山猪(简称杜×梅猪)和巴克夏×梅山猪(简称巴×梅猪)肌肉中氨基酸和脂肪酸含量的分析,筛选出最优杂交组合,对梅山猪遗传资源的开发利用具有指导意义。试验选取梅山猪、杜×梅猪和巴×梅猪各3个重复组,每个重复8头猪,在相同的营养水平和管理条件下饲养,分别育肥饲养至适当体重进行屠宰,每组随机选取1头猪测定背最长肌氨基酸和脂肪酸含量。结果表明,梅山猪、杜×梅猪和巴×梅猪肉背最长肌各项脂肪酸(饱和脂肪酸、不饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸)指标差异均不显著(P>0.05);梅山猪、杜×梅猪和巴×梅猪肉背最长肌各项氨基酸、必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸及总氨基酸指标差异均不显著(P>0.05)。梅山猪、杜×梅猪和巴×梅猪肌肉中风味和营养价值基本一致,综合考虑饲养周期及经济效益,杜×梅猪和巴×梅猪优于纯种梅山猪,在生产中适宜推广。 相似文献
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淮猪及杂交后代肌纤维直径变化及其与肉质关系的研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
对不同品种和杂交组合肥育猪(淮猪、长淮、大长淮)采用单因子试验设计,在相同条件下,研究不同血缘比例对淮猪肌纤维直径的影响。结果表明:淮杂猪的背最长肌和股二头肌肌纤维直径显著高于淮猪(P<0.05)。淮猪的肌纤维直径介于中国地方猪与国外瘦肉型猪之间。肌纤维直径与胴体性状(瘦肉率、眼肌面积、背最长肌全重、背最长肌率、脂肪)呈较强的相关性。淮杂猪肉质理化性状中(肉色评分、大理石纹评分、贮藏损失)3项指标明显变差(P<0.05),但pH值变化不显著。作者认为淮猪杂交后代的肌纤维直径较纯种淮猪粗,淮杂猪肉质也较纯种淮猪差。 相似文献
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猪背最长肌肌纤维类型的发育性变化及品种与营养影响特点 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
选用荣昌（RC）猪和杜×长×大（DLY）杂交猪为试验动物,采用相对定量RTPCR测定10～120kg体质量时背最长肌中I、2a、2x和2b4种MyHC的基因表达,以探讨猪背最长肌肌纤维类型的发育性变化,并分析品种及营养对它的影响特点。结果表明：（1）10～20始,2个品种的背最长肌肌纤维类型的百分组成发生显著改变,MyHCI和2x型纤维比例显著降低,而2b型纤维比例显著提高;（2）20～120kg,背最长肌肌纤维的变化规律因品种和纤维类型而异,除MyHC2b外,2个品种的MyHCI、2a和2x型肌纤维的发育规律存在一定差异;（3）背最长肌肌纤维类型的百分组成在10～50kg阶段未见品种间显著差异,但在80kg,RC猪的MyHC2b型纤维比例显著低于DLY猪,而2a型纤维比例则正好相反;（4）饲粮营养水平对2个品种猪背最长肌肌纤维类型的百分组成均无显著影响。以上结果提示,2个品种的背最长肌肌纤维类型的发育性规律及组成存在差异,且纤维组成差异主要表现在80kg,RC猪的MyHC2b型纤维比例显著低于DLY猪,可能与其优良肉质相关。 相似文献
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对杂种猪肌纤维结构和脂肪酸组成的探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对９０公斤体重四个不同组合杂种猪有关性状的测定,结果表明：不同组合杂种猪的肉质正常,肉脂品质、肌肉纤维超微结构、背最长肌肌内脂肪酸组成成分含量、背脂脂肪酸组成成分含量有显著差异;肌肉肌原纤维直径与肌肉系水力呈显著正相关（０．８４５）,与肌节长度呈极显著负相关（ ０．８２７）,与Ⅰ带长度呈显著负相关（ ０．７８６）;肌肉肌原纤维直径与肌节长度呈极显著负相关（ ０．８２７）,肌节长度与Ⅰ带长度呈极显著正相关（０．８８１）;除葵酸、豆蔻酸、棕榈酸外,其它各脂肪酸均具有较强的相关性。 相似文献
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为了研究mi RNA表达量与肉质风味表型指标的相关性,试验采用荧光定量PCR技术(Q-PCR)检测了5个猪种背最长肌中mi R-1和mi R-369的差异表达。结果表明:背最长肌组织中2种mi RNA的表达水平在5个猪种中趋于一致。相关性分析显示,2种mi RNA在背最长肌中的表达水平与肌内脂肪含量和硫胺素含量呈正相关,与肌纤维直径、眼肌面积和瘦肉率呈负相关。表明mi R-1和mi R-369对猪肉品质具有正调控作用,而对猪胴体品质具有负调控作用。该研究可为阐明mi RNA在猪肌肉生长和脂肪沉积过程中的调控机制提供基础数据。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献