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建立有效的昆明白小鼠胎儿成纤维细胞(Mouse embryonic fibroblast,MEF)饲养层培养体系,用于分离和培养小鼠胚胎干细胞(Embryonic stem cell,ES细胞)的研究.(1)取怀孕14.5 d昆明白小鼠胎儿分离成纤维细胞,利用体外培养体系分离传代,选取生长旺盛并且已纯化的P3代的MEF,经丝裂霉素处理后.用细胞计数板计算活细胞数,分别按1×104、1×106、1×108/mL密度接种,制备饲养层,观察不同密度饲养层的生长状况.(2)取怀孕4 d的昆明白小鼠囊胚,接种在不同密度饲养层上.观察不同密度饲养层上囊胚、ICM及ES细胞的克隆生长情况.结果显示:囊胚在密度为1 × 106/mL的饲养层上,贴壁率和ICM孵出率分别为(97.0±3.606)%和(96.3±2.887)%,显著高于其他2组;密度为1×104/mL饲养层上的ES细胞克隆形成率高于密度为1×104/mL(差异极显著,P<0.01)和1×108/mL饲养层上的ES细胞克隆形成率(差异显著,P<0.05);而1×104/mL饲养层和1×108/mL饲养层上的ES细胞克隆形成率差异不显著(P>0.05).结果表明:以1×104/mL密度接种的MEF作为饲养层,最适合用于分离培养昆明白小鼠ES细胞,有利于囊胚的发育,ICM的增殖,促进ES细胞的增殖,并起到抑制其分化的作用. 相似文献
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对影响小鼠胚胎干细胞（Embryonic stem cells,ES细胞）培养、克隆、分离、传代效果的因素进行了探索研究。应用223枚昆明白小鼠胚胎和20枚129品系小鼠胚胎的研究结果表明，129品系小鼠胚胎比昆明白小鼠胚胎更适合作为ES细胞建系的材料，两者FS出现率差异显著（P＜0．05）；以DMEM＋10％NBS＋10％FCS为基础培养液，分别加入LIF、胰岛素、LIF＋SCF，极显著提高昆明白小鼠胚胎贴壁率，ICM生长率及F1、F2出现率（P＜0．01），而在DMEM＋10％NBS＋10％FCS＋LIF＋SCF为培养液，得到昆明白小鼠胚胎最高贴壁率、ICM生长率及传代率；4dpc胚胎传代情况显著好于3．5dpc胚胎（P＜0．05）。 相似文献
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为了研究不同条件对ICR小鼠ES细胞的影响,试验以12.5~13.5 d ICR小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞(MEF)为饲养层,以3.5 d ICR小鼠胚胎为试验材料,探讨了血清、生长因子及传代方法对ICR小鼠ES细胞分离培养的影响。结果表明:采用含15%FBS的ES细胞培养液的囊胚贴壁率及ICM增殖率(79.3%,69.0%)均比含15%KSR、5%FBS+10%KSR的细胞培养液高(42.9%,28.6%;75.0%,54.2%),ES细胞最高传至6代;培养液中添加10 ng/mL LIF+10 ng/mL SCF的效果比单独添加1种因子的效果好,最高传至6代,高于单独添加1种因子的传代数(4代,2代);用3种传代方法进行传代时,采用差异贴壁法传代效果最佳,最高传至8代,酶消化法传至4代,机械加酶消化法传至6代。 相似文献
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为了优化ICR小鼠胚胎干细胞体外培养体系,本实验以ICR小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞(MEF)为饲养层,以3.5dICR小鼠胚胎为试验材料,探讨了不同胚胎发育阶段、不同胰岛素添加量和不同生长因子对ICR小鼠类胚胎干细胞(mESCs)分离培养的影响。实验结果表明:囊胚期的胚胎贴壁率和内细胞团(inner cell mass,ICM)集落增殖率(82.4%、64.7%)显著高于桑葚胚期(54.2%、41.7%)(P0.05);在添加不同浓度胰岛素时,0、5、10mg/mL组的胚胎贴壁率和ICM集落增殖率差异均不显著(P0.05);添加生长因子组的胚胎贴壁率和ICM集落增殖率显著优于未添加组(P0.05),而添加组中单独添加SCF稍逊于单独添加LIF和2种因子一起添加的效果。 相似文献
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以昆明系小鼠为对象,经过丝裂霉C处理成纤维细胞(Mouse embryonic fibroblast,MEF)制备饲养层,对影响小鼠胚胎干细胞(Embryonic stem cell,ES细胞)分离培养的相关因素进行研究。分别收集小鼠3.5d的囊胚(扩张囊胚)和4.5d囊胚(孵化囊胚)进行培养,比较扩张囊胚和孵化囊胚的贴壁率、原代克隆率及传代率的情况。收集3.5d胚龄的囊胚,通过全胚法和免疫外科法对内细胞团(Inner cell mass,ICM)进行分离培养ICM集落,确定离散ICM的适宜时间。用0.25%胰酶+0.04%EDTA,0.125%胰酶+0.02%EDTA和0.25%胰酶+1%小鸡血清等方法对小鼠ES细胞集落进行传代,观察不同酶浓度对ES细胞分离克隆的影响。结果显示,孵化囊胚的贴壁率高于扩张囊胚(P0.05),但传代率则相反(P0.05),原代克隆率差异不显著(P0.05);一般ICM增殖培养2～3d(免疫外科法)或4～5d(全胚培养法)后,出现典型的克隆集落,再挑取ICM;0.125%胰酶+0.02%EDTA及0.25%胰酶+1%小鸡血清,形成ES原代克隆率较高,2组没有显著性差异(P0.05);结果表明,分离得到的ES细胞经形态学观察,AKP染色,体外分化试验等表明其具有胚胎干细胞的特性。 相似文献
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本研究以无血清培养基为基础培养液,旨在探求小鼠ES细胞条件培养液(ESCCM)和2种不同饲养层对绵羊类ES细胞分离、克隆效率的影响.绵羊内细胞团从胚胎中分离得到后,分别以小鼠胎儿成纤维细胞(MEF)和绵羊胎儿成纤维细胞(SEF)为饲养层进行培养.结果在MEF饲养层上,绵羊类ES细胞在ESCCM新培养系统中可稳定传至第10代,而使用基础培养液最多传至5代.而在SEF饲养层上,绵羊类ES细胞在ESCCM新培养系统中仅能传至3代.表明使用ESCCM和MEF能促进绵羊类ES细胞的分离和克隆.对类ES细胞进行核型分析、AKP染色及体外分化能力检测,证实所分离的类ES细胞符合ES细胞的主要特征,而且发现这些类ES细胞可以表达胚胎干细胞关键转录因子Nanog.结果表明,ESCCM可显著提高绵羊类ES细胞的分离克隆效率,原因可能是小鼠ES细胞在生长过程中可能分泌某些重要的细胞因子,从而达到促进绵羊ES细胞增殖的作用.且MEF比SEF更适合于绵羊类ES细胞的分离和传代. 相似文献
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从胚胎发育阶段、饲养层和培养体系等方面对影响绵羊类ES细胞分离、克隆效率的因素进行探讨。结果显示：致密桑葚胚和囊胚的ICM增殖率高于囊胚和孵化囊胚。绵羊类ES细胞在同源绵羊胎儿成纤维细胞（SEF）上生长比较缓慢,最终传代次数也低于小鼠胎儿成纤维细胞（MEF）组。培养液中同时添加胎牛血清（FBS）和Knock-out血清替代品（KSR）,绵羊类ES传至7代,添加了碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）后,最高可传至8代,而单纯添加KSR或FBS,分别传至4代和5代。对类ES细胞进行AKP染色、核型分析、体外分化试验,证实分离的类ES细胞符合ES细胞的主要特征,而且表达多潜能性细胞因子Nanog。由此认为,致密桑葚胚和囊胚更适合绵羊类ES细胞的体外分离和培养,而且MEF更适合于绵羊类ES细胞的分离传代,培养液中添加5%FBS和15%KSR,比较适合类ES细胞的分离传代,bFGF对绵羊类ES细胞的增殖具有促进作用。 相似文献
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比较了在无血清培养体系中分别添加小分子化学物质pluripotin(SCl)和白血病抑制因子(LIF)对昆明小鼠ES细胞未分化状态的维持作用,并探讨了SC1在培养液中的最佳浓度.以小鼠胎儿成纤维细胞(MEF)为饲养层,以含LIF的添加血清替代品(KSR)的培养基(ESC-SR)为对照,分别用SC1浓度为0.3、1、3μmol/L的ESC-SR培养液对昆明小鼠胚胎进行分离培养.结果显示:胚胎在添加3 μmol/L SC1的ESC-SR培养液中ICM形成率显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),形成的ES集落与对照组形态差异不明显,最高传至第7代,并且在无饲养层条件下可以传至第6代而保持未分化状态.不同浓度SC1培养液中,胚胎在SC1浓度为0.3 μmol/L组的F2代形成率显著高于1 μmol/L组和3μmol/L组(P＜0.05),所分离的细胞AKP染色呈阳性,Oct4、Nanog和Sox2的免疫荧光染色均显阳性,具有ES细胞的特点.结果表明,ESC-SR培养液中SC1可以替代LIF用于小鼠ES细胞未分化状态的维持,并且可以在无饲养层条件下进行昆明小鼠ES细胞的培养. 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献