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《中国兽医杂志》2017,(9)
为了分离鉴定产乳酸菌细菌素,采用双层琼脂扩散法,对从健康鸡肠道内容物分离到的68株乳酸菌进行筛选,获得对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、鸡白痢沙门菌均有抑制作用的17株乳酸菌,在排除酸、过氧化氢等因素作用后仍具有较强抑菌活性,表明发酵液中还有其他抑菌活性物质的存在,用蛋白酶处理上清液后有6株菌的抑菌效果消失,表明抑菌物质具有蛋白质性质,是一种细菌素类物质。筛选出的菌株所产抑菌物质是一种广谱细菌素,它们对革兰阳性菌和革兰阴性菌均具有较强抑制效果。结合形态鉴定、生理生化特性试验以及16S rRNA序列同源性分析鉴定菌株LABJN02、LABJN05、LABJN06和LABJN14分离菌为唾液乳杆菌,LABJN16为约氏乳杆菌,LABJN31为卷曲乳杆菌。细菌素作为潜在的抑菌物质,与其产生菌一起在平衡肠道菌群中具有重要意义。 相似文献
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奶牛乳房炎时常危害奶牛群，给奶牛养殖业造成严重的经济损失。在所有细菌性乳房炎中，金黄色葡萄球菌性奶牛乳房炎占比极高。本研究以金黄色葡萄球菌为指示菌，采用琼脂扩散法进行抑菌试验，从内蒙古手工奶酪中筛选到一株产细菌素的乳酸菌作为研究对象。根据形态特征，结合16S rRNA序列结果分析，鉴定菌株为Lacticaseibacillus saniviri，命名为LS-1。通过酶稳定性试验、酸碱稳定性试验、热稳定性试验，确定菌株LS-1的细菌素生物学特性。LS-1细菌素对木瓜蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶较敏感，经100℃水浴处理具有良好抑菌活性。LS-1细菌素经p H处理，p H为11.0时抑菌活性丧失。本研究所筛选的LS-1，丰富了产细菌素的菌种资源，其所产细菌素具有作为治疗奶牛乳房炎替抗产品的潜力。 相似文献
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《中国预防兽医学报》2018,(12)
为筛选产生细菌素的细菌,本研究以粪纤维单孢菌NCTC7547株作为指示菌,从韶关市某市场环境和动物体表样本筛选对指示菌具有抑制活性的细菌菌株,结果共筛选到48株菌,其中有2株菌对指示菌的抑菌圈直径为40 mm,并且均对红斑丹毒丝菌具有抑制作用,其中1株菌对猪链球菌血清型9型菌株和实验中偶然污染的变形杆菌也具有抑制作用。通过对活性物质产生菌的形态观察、革兰氏染色镜检、生理生化试验和16S rDNA序列鉴定确定2株菌均为鸡葡萄球菌。2株菌产生的活性物质对链霉蛋白酶敏感的特性表明了它们的蛋白质属性,并且活性物质初提物能够抵抗65℃、80℃及100℃15 min处理,121℃处理仍未使初提物活性完全丧失;pH3.0、pH9.0和pH11.0作用后该初提物活性无明显变化。细菌素特异性结构基因的PCR检测表明2株菌产生的活性物质极有可能为鸡皮素。本研究对进一步筛选高效和可能具有临床意义的细菌素奠定了基础。 相似文献
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《养猪》2020,(3)
从河南省豫东某规模化猪场保育猪群发生疫情的病死猪脑组织分离得到一株细菌,通过对该株细菌纯化鉴定、血清型分型鉴定、致病性试验及毒力基因检测、药敏试验和耐药基因检测等一系列研究,结果表明,该株细菌鉴定为2型猪链球菌,毒力较强,为携带胞外因子epf基因、溶血素sly基因、溶菌酶释放蛋白mrp基因的3个毒力基因的强毒力菌株;该菌株对头孢他啶、阿莫西林、氨苄西林、青霉素、复方新诺明、左氟沙星、氧氟沙星等β-内酰胺类、磺胺类和喹诺酮类药物敏感;对氨基糖苷类、四环素类和大环内酯类药物高度耐药,携带有β-内酰胺类耐药基因blaTEM和氨基糖苷类耐药基因strB。该研究对临床防控猪链球菌病具有重要意义。 相似文献
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为了筛选产多肽类抗菌物质的活性菌株,为生产猪用益生素及新型抗菌活性物质提供菌源,试验分别从猪的十二指肠、空肠、回肠、盲肠、结肠和直肠中分离肠道内生菌2 317株,利用临床分离的致病性大肠杆菌作为指示菌,通过点种法进行对峙培养,分析其抑菌活性。结果表明:复筛所得50株肠道内生菌株均对指示菌具有明显抑菌活性,筛选得率为2.2%。经过胰蛋白酶、蛋白酶K水解处理,将发酵上清液抑菌活性明显降低或丧失的结肠57号和盲肠2号菌确定为可产蛋白或多肽类抗生素的活性菌株。经16S rDNA的序列检测及比对,两菌株均属于枯草芽孢杆菌。 相似文献
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《中国畜牧兽医》2020,(6)
为了检测确定2019年5月河南某规模化猪场一栋保育仔猪发病猪群的病原,本研究从送检的发病猪关节液中分离获得1株细菌。通过细菌纯化培养、革兰氏染色、形态学观察及猪链球菌gdh基因PCR扩增,确定该分离菌株为猪链球菌。用猪链球菌分型引物对该菌株进行PCR扩增分型鉴定及软件比对分析,结果表明该分离菌株为猪链球菌14型,与猪链球菌JS14株(GenBank登录号:CP002465.1)同源性为100%。毒力基因检测结果表明,该菌株的同时携带有epf、mrp、sly、fbps、orf2毒力基因,属于高致病性菌株。小鼠致病性试验结果也证明该菌株是一株高致病性猪链球菌。药物敏感性试验结果显示,该菌株对β内酰胺类和喹诺酮类药物敏感,对氨基糖苷类、四环素类、大环内酯类和磺胺类高度耐药,表现出多重耐药现象。对该菌株进行5大类24种耐药基因检测,该菌株同时携带有bla_(TEM)、aadA1、strA、strB、aacC2、aphA1、tet(B)、gyrA、parC、sul2耐药基因。该研究为后续进一步开展猪链球菌14型流行特点和致病机制研究奠定了基础,为猪链球菌14型临床防控提供了理论依据,同时具有重要的公共卫生意义。 相似文献
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从市售3种酸乳中分离得到4株乳酸菌,通过发酵液的抑菌试验确定S1菌株为细菌素产生菌,综合S1菌株的形态学特征、生理生化特征,将其初步鉴定为乳酸乳球菌（Lactococcus lactis）。在排除过氧化氢和有机酸对指示菌的抑制作用后,确定该菌株产生的抑菌物质为细菌素。该细菌素对大肠杆菌具有较好的抑制作用。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献