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梅花鹿优良品种(品系)产茸性能研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对我国双阳、长白山、西丰梅花鹿品种 (品系 )的产茸性能进行了测定。结果表明 :双阳、长白山、西丰的头锯头茬鲜茸产量双阳 >西丰 >长白山 ,2锯头茬鲜茸产量西丰 >双阳 >长白山 ;西丰 3锯时、双阳 4锯时、长白山 5锯时头茬鲜茸产量达到 30 0 0g以上 ,进入高产期 ;双阳 6锯时、西丰 7锯时、长白山 8和 9锯时达到产茸高峰 ;双阳具有经济早熟性 ,长白山具有高产期长而持久的特点 ;西丰、长白山、双阳的群体鲜茸平均单产分别为 2 895g、316 0g、32 0 5g;三者是我国人工培育的梅花鹿品种 (品系 )群 ,均具有优良的产茸性能。 相似文献
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【目的】探索梅花鹿成纤维细胞因子受体2(fibroblast growth factor receptor 2,FGFR2)基因多态性及其对茸重性状的影响。【方法】应用直接测序法对梅花鹿FGFR2基因的全部外显子进行测序分析,通过MassARRAY® SNP分型技术对314头24月龄梅花鹿进行基因分型和单倍型分析,分析FGFR2基因不同基因型和单倍型与茸重的关联性。【结果】在梅花鹿FGFR2基因中共发现12个多态性位点,其中5个位于外显子区域,且突变均未引起氨基酸改变,属于同义突变,其余7个位点均存在于内含子区域。分型结果显示,g.80975864 T>G位点未分型成功,后续对其余11个位点进行了分析,g.80943673 T>C、g.80943683 C>A及g.80938352 C>T 3个位点属于中度多态位点(0.25＜P＜0.5),其余位点均属于低度多态位点(P＜0.25)。χ2检验结果表明,g.80998742 G>A和g.80987708 G>A 2个位点偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P＜0.05),其他9个位点均处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P＞0.05)。关联分析结果表明,11个多态性位点各基因型之间的茸重差异均不显著(P＞0.05)。单倍型结果显示,FGFR2基因存在5种单倍型,不同单倍型间梅花鹿茸重差异均不显著(P＞0.05)。【结论】FGFR2基因的11个突变位点可能不是影响梅花鹿茸重性状的关键位点。 相似文献
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中国人工选育茸用鹿品种(品系)的种质特性 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
从品种(品系)形成、体质外貌特征、生产性能(产茸、繁殖)和遗传性能等方面对中国人工选育的双阳梅花鹿品种、长白山梅花鹿品系、天山马鹿清原品系、西丰梅花鹿品种、乌兰坝马鹿品种等茸用鹿品种(品系)的种质特性进行了详细介绍，为充分合理利用茸用鹿种质资源，提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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我国是养鹿大国 ,驯养梅花鹿具有悠久历史 ,目前驯养梅花鹿约 35万头。解放以来 ,梅花鹿育种取得了巨大成就 ,先后培育出了具有鹿茸高产优质等特点的双阳梅花鹿品种 (1 986年 )、长白山梅花鹿品系 (1 993年 )和西丰梅花鹿品种 (1 995年 ) ,为促进我国养鹿业的发展做出了具大贡献。1 双阳梅花鹿双阳梅花鹿是以双阳型梅花鹿为基础 ,采取大群闭锁繁育的方法 ,历经2 3年 ,培育出的我国第一个茸用梅花鹿品种 ,品种形成时鹿只数为 372 5只 ,已被引种到全国各地上万只 ,现存栏 2万余只。1 1 体质外貌特征 双阳梅花鹿体型较大 ,成年公鹿体高 1 … 相似文献
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东北马鹿与东北梅花鹿杂交F_1遗传性状的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文研究了东北马鹿(Cervus elaphus xanthopygus Milne-Edwards)与东北梅花鹿(Ce-rvusnippon hortulorum Swinhoe)种间杂交F_1(以下简称F_1)遗传性状的表现,进而测定其杂种优势和遗传方式,并计算了F_1的经济效益。结果表明, F_1的形态外貌具有其双亲的特征。体高:(?)为123.3±5.24cm,♀为103.8±5.13cm; 体重;(?)为190.0±6.58kg、♀为115.8±1.43kg;四岁以上鹿锯三杈茸单产(鲜重)3754.5±671.0g,与母本比较,差异极为显著(P<0.001),接近父本的产量(4554.5±1617.5),再生茸的产量明显高于亲本;屠宰率:(?)为58.69％、♀为59.46％,净肉率:(?)为46.80％、♀为48.49％。明显地高于亲本;F_1的公、母鹿都能正常繁育且有双胎;二倍染色体数为67条(一对性染色体、65条常染色体)。F_1的大部分性状都呈现了程度不同的杂种优势,其产肉和产茸性能的杂种优势非常显著( P<0.01);骨肉比和四岁以上鹿锯三杈茸单产的杂种优势极为显著( P<0.001)。F_1的形态外貌、染色体组型、内脏器官和鹿茸长度、围度等性状基本上呈中间型遗传;胸围、胸深、产茸量、茸的主干长度和围度、胴体重和净肉重等性状呈现显性遗传,而屠宰率、净肉率、骨肉比和三杈茸的生长天数等性状表现了超显性遗传。F_1鹿表现了较高的经济效益。 相似文献
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《畜牧兽医科技信息》2017,(6)
<正>近年来,我国人工培育的梅花鹿的饲养越来越受到重视,并且梅花鹿的产品在药物医学研究方面有重要意义。然而人工培育的梅花鹿在饲养管理方面比较困难,成活率比较低,成了养殖上的一大难题。1人工培育梅花鹿的品种分类1.1双阳梅花鹿双阳梅花鹿是我国第一个茸鹿人工培育品种,也是最好的梅花鹿品种之一。因其体型较大,全身结构,紧凑结实,鹿茸的质地松软,色泽鲜明而得以闻名。1.2西丰梅花鹿西丰梅花鹿四肢短小而粗壮,茸主干和嘴头粗长肥大,眉枝 相似文献
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乌兰坝马鹿鹿茸生长性状表型参数的统计分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
观测和生物统计学分析结果表明 ,乌兰坝马鹿的鹿茸生长性状的大部分指标显著高于其他东北马鹿 ,但远不如天山马鹿清原品系 ;其畸型茸率较低 ;茸主干围度的增长率显著高于主干长度的增长 ;首次探讨的鲜茸日增重、主干长和主干围及杈口深与锯龄之间 ,呈强正相关 (P <0 0 1 ) ,并建立了其相应的线型回归方程 相似文献
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种公鹿茸重性状与年龄相关的统计分析 总被引：7，自引：6，他引：1
本文探讨了我国人工选育的双阳梅花鹿和西丰梅花鹿品种、长白山梅花鹿品系、天山马鹿清原品系和乌兰坝东北马鹿等 5个品种品系种公鹿的茸重性状与鹿年龄的关系 ,结果表明 ,在一定年龄段 ,茸重性状与年龄之间呈强正相关并建立了相应的线性回归方程 ,为预测并比较茸鹿种公鹿各年龄时的茸重水平和制定茸重标准及早选种等提供了科学依据 相似文献
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双阳梅花鹿种公鹿鹿茸重量性状表型参数的统计分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
吉林省双阳县第三鹿场韩坤等1986年培育成的双阳梅花鹿是我国第一个人培育的茸鹿新品种。对于双阳梅花鹿种公鹿的鹿茸重量性状的表型参数未见生物统计学方面的详尽报道。近三年,作为双阳梅花鹿主要生产场家之一的双阳县 相似文献
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为达到更好的锯茸止血效果,对梅花鹿锯茸时出血特点及锯茸止血药物应用效果进行了观察:收取初角茸时呈渗出状出血;收取二杠茸时呈线状出血;收取三杈茸和畸型茸时呈喷射状出血,并且有节律地进行搏动。出血量随着鹿茸的产量和茸根围度的增加而增多,但是当收取茸根围度为(20.3±0.6)cm的畸型茸时却不存在这种明显的相关关系。同一茸型不同年龄的鹿,因茸重、茸根围度的不同出血亦有差别。根据鹿茸的组织结构、生长规律和梅花鹿生理特点,选用由中药组成的外用锯茸止血药方剂,通过锯茸止血试验,结果表明,该锯茸止血药无刺激性,止血快,抗感染能力强,创面愈合良好,对再生茸产量没有明显影响(P>0.05)。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献