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1病毒病
1．1新城疫
新城疫是高度接触性传染病，病原为新城疫病毒，各种年龄的火鸡都会发病，引起的损失较大。主要特征是呼吸困难，下痢，神经紊乱，黏膜和浆膜出血。用鸡新城疫Ⅱ、Ⅳ系疫苗免疫火鸡，可有效地预防火鸡新城疫的发生。已发生新城疫时， 相似文献
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接种不同剂量的新城疫疫苗对鸡免疫应答的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
鸡新城疫,也称亚洲鸡瘟,是由新城疫病毒引起的一种急性、热性、高度接触性传染病。以呼吸困难、下痢、神经机能紊乱、黏膜和浆膜出血为特征。在我国,该病是所有鸡病中危害最严重的一种,造成很大的经济损失。对鸡新城疫采取的综合防治措施中,施行合理的免疫接种是预防鸡新城疫的重要手段。我国目前使用的新城疫疫苗有Ⅰ系、Ⅱ系、Ⅲ系和Ⅳ系4种,大多是弱毒疫苗。Ⅰ系疫苗是一个中等毒力的疫苗,用于经过两次弱毒力的疫苗免疫后的鸡或2月龄以上的鸡。此苗的优点是产生免疫力快(3~4 d),免疫期长(1年以上),在发病地区常用来作紧急预防接种。此次… 相似文献
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蔡宝祥 《动物科学与动物医学》2005,22(2):24-27
在猪病中，猪瘟(Hog cholera．HC）是危害最大、最受重视的一种病。建国初期，何正礼、方时杰等选用抗原性优良的石门系毒株研究改进制成的猪瘟结晶紫疫苗效果明显，广泛应用后对控制当时猪瘟的流行曾起过一定作用。1956年周泰冲、袁庆志等研制成功的中国系（C系)猪瘟兔化弱毒疫苗．证明有高度安全性和优良的免疫原性，旦无残毒，毒力不返强。 相似文献
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１剖解变化：鸡整个肠道弥漫性出血。肠道淋巴细胞聚集处肿大并轻微出血。盲肠扁桃体肿大，出血明显。腺胃乳头出血，浆膜面有尿酸盐沉积，腺胃与肌胃交界处出血，肌胃角质层下出血。泄殖腔内有大量尿酸盐稀粪。喉头、气管、心脏表面、肝脏周围都有白色尿酸盐沉积。患鸡的新城疫免疫情况为：４日龄新城疫苗Ⅳ系＋传染性支气管炎疫苗饮水１羽份／只，１４日龄新城疫苗Ⅳ系＋传染性支气管炎疫苗饮水１羽份／只，２４日龄新城Ⅳ饮水１羽份／只，３４日龄新城Ⅳ饮水１羽份／只。２实验室———ND血凝（HA）和血凝抑制（HI）试验２．１试验准… 相似文献
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《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2009,(7):16-16
与新城疫的鉴别要点：禽流感病禽常见胰脏坏死、出血，脚鳞出血，肿头，而新城疫较少有这些症状；发生新城疫时常可监测到其抗体的异常变化，如抗体水平极不整齐，抗体效价高的可达1：256，而且紧急接种LaSota疫苗或I系疫苗就可控制疫情，若将禽流感误诊为新城疫而紧急接种LaSota疫苗或I系疫苗时，会加重病情。因此，当禽群有新城疫症状，而新城疫抗体正常的情况下应怀疑感染了禽流感。 相似文献
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为构建稳定表达猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)、猪胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)和猪Delta冠状病毒(PDCoV)主要抗原的CHO细胞系，为猪病毒性腹泻三联疫苗的研发提供基础材料，本研究将PEDV的S基因的COE区域、TGEV和PDCoV的S基因的受体结合区域(RBD),通过同源重组的方式进行融合，克隆到慢病毒表达质粒pLV-EF1a-IRES-Puro中，包装得到重组慢病毒。使用重组慢病毒感染CHO细胞，经过嘌呤霉素和单克隆细胞筛选，基因水平和蛋白水平表达验证，成功构建了稳定表达3种猪腹泻病毒抗原融合蛋白的CHO细胞系，为进一步研制PEDV-TGEV-PDCoV的亚单位疫苗奠定了基础。 相似文献
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养鸡成败关键在防疫，防疫好坏重在选择适宜的免疫接种方法。不同的疫苗对接种方法有不同的要求。１滴鼻点眼主要适用于新城疫Ⅱ系、Ⅲ系、Ⅳ系疫苗，传染性支气管炎及喉气管炎弱毒性疫苗的接种。具体操作是：根据所用的滴管或滴头事先滴试确定每毫升多少滴，计算出实际使用疫苗稀释液用量，对疫苗进行稀释使之完全溶解；用滴管或滴头将疫苗溶液自数厘米高处垂直滴进雏鸡眼睛或鼻孔，稍停片刻，待疫苗确已吸入后，再将鸡轻轻放回。２饮水法适用于饮水法的疫苗有鸡新城疫Ⅱ系、Ⅲ系、Ⅳ系疫苗、鸡传染性支气管炎H５２及H１２０疫苗、传染性… 相似文献
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鸡新城疫耐热冻干保护剂活疫苗试验 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
用耐热冻干保护剂冻干的鸡新城疫（LaSota系）活疫苗，在37℃环境下放置14d，疫苗的病毒含量EID50由10^9.1下降为10^8.1，在4℃环境下放置1年半，疫苗的病毒含量基本不变。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献