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漠斑牙鲆工厂化苗种繁育试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
经过66d的控温、控光和加强营养等生殖调控措施,漠斑牙鲆雌性亲鱼性腺发育成熟率为69%,雄鱼性腺发育成熟率为85%,总计产卵8090ml,其中未受精卵6175ml,受精卵1915ml,受精率为24%。孵化水温18℃,盐度27～29,pH8.0～8.2,受精卵50h后孵化出仔鱼;共孵化出初孵仔鱼112.0×10^4尾,孵化率为58.5%。仔稚鱼培育水温为19～20℃,幼鱼培育水温为20～22℃,经过90d的培育,苗种全长达30mm。18个培育池120m3水体,共培育出全长大于30mm的鱼苗30余万尾,总成活率为26.8%;单位出苗量为1562.5尾/m^2;幼鱼白化率小于3%。试验结果表明,用“控温＋控光＋营养”调控法进行漠斑牙鲆苗种工厂化繁育可行并且是成功的。 相似文献
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黑鲷精子诱导漠斑牙鲆雌核发育研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用紫外线遗传失活的黑鲷精子与漠斑牙鲆卵子授精,获得了漠斑牙鲆雌核发育单倍体受精卵,经冷休克处理后诱导出漠斑牙鲆雌核发育二倍体.试验结果表明,黑鲷精子经紫外线照射后(0～180 J/cm2)与漠斑牙鲆卵子受精,胚胎孵化率呈现明显的Hertwig效应.黑鲷精子遗传失活的最适紫外线照射剂量为120 J/cm2.18℃的水温条件下,冷休克处理的最适时刻为受精后4 min.处理持续时间和处理温度组合试验表明,在相同处理持续时间条件下,3℃休克水温处理效果均优于对应1℃休克水温各组,且45 min处理持续时间诱导效果最佳.综合试验结果,黑鲷精子诱导漠斑牙鲆雌核发育的适合条件为:水温18℃,将黑鲷精子经120 J/cm2紫外线照射后与漠斑牙鲆卵子受精,受精后4min,用3℃冷海水处理45min,可获得46.59％的雌核发育漠斑牙鲆二倍体初孵仔鱼. 相似文献
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盐碱水池塘养殖漠斑牙鲆试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
漠斑牙鲆(Paralichthys lethostigma) 俗称南方鲆,原产于美国大西洋沿海,2002年引入我国进行养殖.漠斑牙鲆具有生长快、品质优、适应性广(最适宜盐度范围5‰～35‰,适宜养殖水温范围7～35℃)、抗逆能力强、耐低溶解氧等特点,且肉质细腻,营养丰富,是人们公认的水产养殖良种.2005年沧州市水产技术推广站首次利用盐碱水,通过水质改良,进行了漠斑牙鲆池塘养殖试验,取得了成功. 相似文献
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网箱养殖牙鲆的度夏技术探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
牙鲆俗称牙鳎鱼、左口、扁口鱼、牙片、比目鱼等。我国养殖的牙鲆品种主要有褐牙鲆、漠斑牙鲆、大西洋牙鲆,但以本土品种褐牙鲆（Temmincket Schlegel）最多。本文提及的牙鲆仅指褐牙鲆。牙鲆属温水性鱼类,在水温2℃仍能存活,水温在33℃成鱼能短时间存活。成鱼生长的适温为8℃～26℃,最适水温为16℃～22℃。海水网箱养殖牙鲆在水温5℃以下、28℃以上不太摄食,水温在13℃～25℃范围内随着水温升高摄食量逐渐增加。 相似文献
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漠斑牙鲆(Paralichthys lethostigma),又名南方鲆,隶属于蝶形目,鲆科,牙鲆属.该鱼具有广盐和广温两大特点,盐度0～60‰,水温5～35℃可存活,生长最适盐度为5～25‰、水温25～32℃,同龄的雌性大于雄性. 相似文献
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介绍虾池综合利用的几种类型 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
漠斑牙鲆与褐牙鲆生活方式类似,笔者结合培育褐牙鲆亲鱼的经验,对漠斑牙鲆进行低温控制,并逐渐减小光照时间和光照强度,具体方法是:水温18℃时快速降温,直至与室外水温同步,不需加温;当室外水温降到10℃时,在预热池内把水温调节到10℃后再使用。降温的同时,在亲鱼池上方设置黑帘进行控光,控光幅度不可过大,遮虾池综合利用对于降低养虾成本、增加效益、维持虾池生态平衡、提高虾池利用率和饵料利用率、净化水质等具有重要意义。1.鱼虾混养混养鱼类的品种主要有罗非鱼、梭鱼、斑祭等。罗非鱼适温范围广,属于广盐性鱼类,虾池水温春季和夏季较高… 相似文献
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花鲈冷冻精子诱导漠斑牙鲆雌核发育 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用紫外线(UV)对冻存的花鲈精子进行照射使其遗传物质失活,作为异源精子诱导源,与漠斑牙鲆卵子进行“授精”,可以诱导漠斑牙鲆卵进行雌核发育。结合静水压处理,抑制第二极体排出,成功获得了漠斑牙鲆雌核发育二倍体鱼苗。实验表明,同源精子和异源精子均可在紫外线照射遗传失活后诱导漠斑牙鲆卵雌核发育,经实验筛选出异源精子诱导漠斑牙鲆雌核发育的最佳条件为花鲈冻存精子采用80 mJ/cm2的紫外线照射,然后与漠斑牙鲆卵子进行授精,培育水温18 ℃条件下,受精后4~5 min,施以65 MPa的静水压休克处理6 min,可有效诱导漠斑牙鲆卵的雌核发育。采用形态学、流式细胞仪DNA含量分析和微卫星标记技术对雌核发育鱼苗进行了分析,证明了雌核发育鱼苗为雌核发育二倍体。本文首次报道了采用异源冷冻精子诱导漠斑牙鲆鱼卵进行雌核发育的技术方法,为漠斑牙鲆性别控制和遗传改良提供了技术手段。 相似文献
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Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
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Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
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Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
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Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Florence Le Gac Odile Blaise Alex Fostier Pierre-Yves Le Bail Maurice Loir Brigitte Mourot Claudine Weil 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):219-232
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations. 相似文献
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Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
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Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
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