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甜菜碱对鲤鱼诱食促生长的研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
甜菜碱对鲤鱼诱食促生长的研究中国水产科学院黑龙江水产研究所阎希柱随着水产养殖业的发展和鱼类营养学研究的深入，鱼用配合饲料及饲料添加剂已被广泛采用，但作为鱼用饲料添加剂之一的诱食剂的研究起步较晚，甜菜碱是甜菜加工副产品中提取的甘氨酸甲基内酯，其活性结构... 相似文献
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孙克年 《兽药与饲料添加剂》1999,4(2):33-34
1作诱食剂鱼类摄食，除视觉外，与嗅觉和味觉有很大关系。诱食作用促进了鱼虾的快速进食、快速生长，增强了抗病能力和免疫力、加强生理性脱壳，这对幼鱼幼虾生长过程相当重要。甜菜碱具有甜味和鱼虾敏感的鲜味，以及适合鱼类嗅觉和味觉感受器的化学结构，是理想的诱食剂。在鱼饲料中拌入0.1％－0．3％的甜菜碱，对所有的鱼类及虾等甲壳类动物的嗅觉和味觉均有强烈的刺激作用。对虾、罗氏沼虾采食含一定量甜菜碱的饲料时，其采食时间可缩短l／4－l／2（张旭军，1990，宋强华1993），这样既节省饲料、提高饲料利用率，又避免了因未吃完的饲料… 相似文献
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《中国饲料》2016,(3)
给初始体重为(17.24±0.04)g的黄鳝(Monopterus albus)分别饲喂添加0%(对照)、0.1%、0.2%复合诱食剂(由核苷酸、甜菜碱、氨基酸、牛磺酸组成)的三种等氮等能饲料,研究其对黄鳝生长性能的影响,养殖试验持续10周。试验结果表明:与对照组相比,饲料中添加复合诱食剂能显著改善黄鳝的摄食、生长、肠道消化酶活性、免疫力和抗氧化能力(P0.05)。当复合诱食剂添加量为0.1%时,黄鳝的日摄食量、末体重、增重率、蛋白质效率均显著升高(P0.05),摄食等量饲料时间明显缩短(P0.05),饲料系数显著降低(P0.05),肠道胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶活性显著升高(P0.05),血清中补体C3含量和过氧化氢酶活性显著升高(P0.05),且0.2%复合诱食剂组与0.1%复合诱食剂组差异不显著(P0.05),但0.1%复合诱食剂组的血清中补体C4含量显著高于其他两组(P0.05)。综上所述,本试验条件下,饲料中添加0.1%的复合诱食剂能显著提高黄鳝生长性能。 相似文献
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甜菜碱在水产养殖中的应用 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
1 作诱食剂研究表明鱼类摄食除依靠视觉外 ,尚与嗅觉和味觉有关。尽管水产养殖中投入的人工饵料养分全面 ,但不足以引起水生动物的食欲。甜菜碱具有独特的甜味和鱼虾敏感的鲜味 ,是理想的诱食剂。早在 2 0世纪 70年代芬兰就发现甜菜碱对水生动物具有诱食作用 ,最早开发为水生动物诱食剂。国外资料报道 ,在鱼饲料中添加 0 5 %～1 5 %甜菜碱 ,对所有鱼类及虾等甲壳类动物的嗅觉和味觉 ,均有强烈的刺激作用 ,具有诱食力强、改进饲料适口性、缩短采食时间、促进消化吸收、加速鱼虾生长、避免饲料浪费造成水体污染等作用。张阳军 ( 1 991 )在… 相似文献
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在水产养殖的饲料中加入诱食剂不仅可以使鱼类在较短的时间内得到饲料和促进摄饵行为,减少饲料消耗,而且诱食剂还可以促进消化酶的分泌,活跃鱼体的消化和吸收功能,从而促进鱼类生长。随着水产养殖业的发展,诱食剂在水产养殖生产中的应用日趋广泛。芬兰、美国首先应用甜菜碱作诱食用的产品已有报 相似文献
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选择常用的四种鱼用诱食剂天科宝、四达、肝贝素和碧香源,进行了对黄鳝的诱食活性及生长的影响研究,结果表明：天科宝、四达、肝贝素和碧香源都能有效诱导黄鳝摄食,天科宝的添加量为4．0‰,四达的添加量为2．O‰,肝贝素的添加量为3．0‰,碧香源的添加量为4．0‰时,具有较好的诱食效果。并且在饲料中添加以上4种诱食剂养殖黄鳝,能显著促进黄鳝生长,降低饲料系数。 相似文献
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甜菜碱对尼罗罗非鱼促生长的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
甜菜碱对尼罗罗非鱼促生长的研究广西水产研究所李咏梅余晓丽本试验是以罗非鱼基础饲料添加不同浓度甜菜碱纯品及不同复配品组成的配合饲料。在４０天饲养试验中所得结果表明，饲料中添加０３％的甜菜碱能明显促进罗非鱼的生长。甜菜碱作为一种营养性添加剂及诱食剂已被... 相似文献
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甜菜碱在养殖业中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
自从70年代甜菜碱的效能被发现以来，甜菜碱已被广泛应用于食品、化学试剂、化工原料等领域。应用为饲料添加剂，在国外已有十几年的历史，在欧美国家，甜菜碱已被大量地应用于养殖业。我国在这方面的应用与研究只是近几年的事。就目前研究的情况来看，甜菜碱主要功效有诱食作用，提供活性甲基参与机体代谢，对渗透压激变起缓冲作用，维持维生素的稳定性等。本文就此作一简述。1在水产养殖中的应用在水产养殖中，甜菜碱作为甜味剂是鱼类诱食剂的主要成分，起着主导作用。据国外介绍，在鱼饲料中拌入0.5％—1.5％的甜菜碱，对所有的鱼类及虾… 相似文献
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甜菜碱及其复合剂在鲤鱼饲料中的添加效果 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
据国内外报道，在饲料中添加甜菜碱对鱼类有诱食和促生长作用，从而可降低饲料成本。本试验应用中国农科院饲料研究所合成的甜菜碱（百泰甜菜碱）及其复合制品（百泰鱼），添加在鲤鱼饲料中试验其效果，以便在生产中推广应用。1材料与方法1.1饲料的配制将比例为0.1％、0.2％、0.3％的甜菜碱和0.1％的甜菜碱复合剂分别添加到配方相同的基础饲料中，制成颗粒饲料，依次编号为试验饲料Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、IV。基础饲料组成：鱼粉10％、豆饼20％、菜籽饼10％、次粉35％、玉米16％、酵母8％、无机盐多维1％。其粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、无氮浸出物、赖… 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献