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用禽流感免疫胶体金试验诊断一发病率高、死亡快、疑似禽流感或禽I型副粘病毒感染的鹅病例，结果为禽流感阴性；取病鹅肝、脾混合病料进行病毒分离，分离鸡胚尿囊液能凝集鸡红细胞（RBC），HA滴度为6log2，并可被康复鹅血清、抗鸡新城疫（NDV）阳性血清所抑制，而不能被禽流感（H5、H9）标准阳性血清抑制。分离病毒人工感染易感雏鹅，引起100％的发病和死亡，并有与自然病例相似的症状和病变；人工感染42日龄SPF鸡出现100％的发病和死亡。根据临床症状和病变情况、免疫胶体金试验以及病毒分离和鉴定，证明该鹅群患禽I型副粘病毒病。说明用禽流感免疫胶体金试验可以实现对禽流感、禽I型副粘病毒病的快速鉴别诊断。 相似文献
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禽流感是由禽流感病毒引起的禽类传染病，是危害世界养鸡业的主要疫病之一。阐述了鸡高致病性禽流感的发病症状、流行趋势及病原特征，并从综合防控、免疫预防以及加强鸡场饲养管理等方面介绍了鸡高致病性禽流感的防控措施 相似文献
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禽流感是由禽流感病毒引起的禽类传染病，是危害世界养鸡业的主要疫病之一。阐述了鸡高致病性禽流感的发病症状、流行趋势及病原特征，并从综合防控、免疫预防以及加强鸡场饲养管理等方面介绍了鸡高致病性禽流感的防控措施 相似文献
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禽流感的传播为粪便、污染器具、病死鸡的接触传播．以及气溶胶(微滴)或暴露于病毒污染物的间接接触传播。尚未发现垂直传播但病鸡产蛋带毒。对鸡胚的致死率高。最初的感染源常见异种禽如鸭，野生禽类特别是迁徙水禽。禽流感传播速度快，有时间隔几个鸡场发病。 相似文献
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正禽流感是危害养鸡业主要疾病之一,该病又称为真性鸡瘟或欧洲鸡瘟,禽流感发病具有明显的季节性,以秋冬季节多发。本文根据禽流感的流行特点,并对禽流感的秋冬季综合防治进行综述,以期为养鸡生产实践中提供指导意义。禽流感是世界养禽业的重要疾病之一,可以感染不同的禽类,当禽类感染了禽流感后,造成了很强的死亡率,给养禽业造成严重的经济损失,严重影响着世界养禽业的发展。鸡的流感病主要由A型流感病毒引起鸡一类 相似文献
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鹅禽Ⅰ型副粘病毒病的快速鉴别诊断 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
用禽流感免疫胶体金试验诊断一发病率高、死亡快、疑似禽流感或禽Ⅰ型副粘病毒感染的鹅病例,结果为禽流感阴性;取病鹅肝、脾混合病料进行病毒分离,分离鸡胚尿囊液能凝集鸡红细胞(RBC),HA滴度为6 log2,并可被康复鹅血清、抗鸡新城疫(NDV)阳性血清所抑制,而不能被禽流感(H5、H9)标准阳性血清抑制。分离病毒人工感染易感雏鹅,引起100%的发病和死亡,并有与自然病例相似的症状和病变;人工感染42日龄SPF鸡出现100%的发病和死亡。根据临床症状和病变情况、免疫胶体金试验以及病毒分离和鉴定,证明该鹅群患禽Ⅰ型副粘病毒病。说明用禽流感免疫胶体金试验可以实现对禽流感、禽Ⅰ型副粘病毒病的快速鉴别诊断。 相似文献
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许多人认为禽流感病毒对雏鸡或生长鸡没有明显的影响，因而往往忽视了对商品肉鸡的防疫。实际上，快大型肉鸡对禽流感病毒十分易感。何况禽流感病毒的血清型较多，不同血清型病毒的毒力差异很大，同一血清型的流感病毒也可能由低毒转化为强毒。我们必须充分认识到对商品肉鸡预防禽流感的重要性，决不可掉以轻心。本文将阐述商品肉鸡禽流感的发生、诊断和防制措施等，为基层养鸡场（户）防制禽流感提供参考。 一、发病情况和临诊症状 该病多发生在 ３０天龄左右的商品肉鸡，也有提前至１４天龄。呈地区性流行，往往相邻的鸡舍相继发病，有“… 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献