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1.
Hiroshi Ashida Toshiyuki Tanabe Keisuke Satoh Atsushi Fukui Sho Tanaka Nobuhiro Suzuki 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(5):785-793
The reproductive biology of male skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis was examined from May 2005 to December 2007 in the tropical western and central Pacific Ocean. Testis maturity was classified
into five stages (i.e., immature, early maturation, mid maturation, late maturation, and regression) on the basis of morphological
changes in the germinal epithelium. The testis duct system (TS), which was characterized by lobules that lack spermatocysts,
store only sperm, and form an anastomosing network, was located under the main sperm duct. The TS was observed at all stages
of maturity except the immature stage, and first appeared in individuals with a fork length (FL) of 38–40 cm. The estimated
minimum size at first maturity was 35.5 cm FL and the size at 0.5 maturity was 40.7 cm in FL. It was difficult to clearly
differentiate the testis maturity stage based solely on the gonad index (GI) class because each GI class contained mature
fish. Monthly changes in testis height index and GI did not follow a seasonal cycle. Mature individuals dominated throughout
the year. These results imply that male skipjack tuna in this area showed evidence of spawning activity throughout the year
without a clear seasonal pattern. 相似文献
2.
The reproductive characteristics of Gymnocypris firmispinatus were determined from 582 individuals collected in the Anning River, China. The sex ratio (male: female) was 1:1 for the overall population but 3.1:1 for the mature group. Females reached a larger total length and total weight (242 mm and 148.17 g) than males (163 mm and 41.58 g). Lengths and ages at maturity were estimated to be 83.4 mm and 2.4 years for males, 130.7 mm and 5.9 years for females, respectively. Based on the analyses of gonad development and the size distribution of oocytes, G. firmispinatus spawned from March to May with high degree of the spawning synchronicity. The opposite tendency between gonado-somatic index and hepato-somatic index from January to March in females indicated that the energy requirement for the oocytes growth may be derived from the liver. In addition, the estimated mean fecundity and mean relative fecundity were 1227 and 29.7 eggs per g total weight. The fecundity of G. firmispinatus increased linearly with increasing of total length, total weight and ovary weight. This study provides details about the reproduction suggesting that G. firmispinatus might be especially vulnerable to exploitation in the Anning River. 相似文献
3.
日本七鳃鳗冬季两性形态及个体生殖力研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用SPSS13.0软件的t检验、回归检验和因子分析等方法,对2006年12月于黑龙江中下游萝北江段捕到的日本七鳃鳗(Lampetra japonica)的两性形态及个体生殖力进行了研究。结果表明:日本七鳃鳗雌雄个体的体长、体重、净体重和肥满度等指标在繁殖前没有显著差异,而性腺重和成熟系数两性差异显著。日本七鳃鳗的个体绝对生殖力平均为(101959.47±23259.82)粒,体长的相对生殖力(FL)平均为(2219.36±496.84)粒/cm,净体重的相对生殖力(FW)平均为(964.1±260.9)粒/g。体长绝对生殖力、体长相对生殖力(FL)和净体重相对生殖力(FW)均与卵巢重和成熟系数显著正相关。卵巢重、成熟系数、绝对生殖力、体长相对生殖力(FL)和净体重相对生殖力(FW)是与个体生殖力密切相关的主要因子,而体长、体重、净体重和肥满度可以间接地反映个体生殖力的大小。 相似文献
4.
Shoubing Qi Weijie Zhang Chenchen Jing Haifeng Wang Shuai Zhao Mi Zhou Yaqing Chang 《Aquaculture International》2016,24(5):1323-1339
Sea urchins were stocked at a density of 15 (D15), 30 (D30), 45 (D45) and 60 (D60) urchins/cage (0.3 m long × 0.2 m wide × 0.4 m high) in a laboratory culture environment for 16 months. The wet body weight (BW) and test diameter growth were monitored at 2-month intervals during the experiment. At the conclusion of the experiment, the surviving sea urchins were counted and the gonad wet weight (GW) and gonad color were measured. Specific growth rate (SGR) of body weight, survival rate (SR), gonad index (GI), gonad color difference (ΔE 00), coefficients of variation (CV) of BW, GW, GI and ΔE 00, total biomass yield (TY) and total gonad yield (TGY) per cage were calculated. Two marketable yield variables, graded according to gonad index, i.e., marketable biomass yield (MY) and marketable gonad yield (MGY), were also calculated. Coefficient of variation of final body weight (FW) and final test diameter (FTD) of sea urchins increased as the stocking density increased, indicating the existence of adverse social interactions. These adverse social interactions detrimentally affected FW, FTD, SGR, GW and GI (P < 0.01). Although SR decreased with the increasing densities, no statistical significant difference was detected. Sea urchins at D15 had the lowest gonad color difference (ΔE 00) (P < 0.05). However, statistically equal CV of ΔE 00 indicates this density effect was not a result of adverse social interactions. TY and TGY increased with increased density and can be described by the following equations: TY = 84.18X 0.64, R 2 = 0.999 and TGY = 24.16X 0.38, R 2 = 0.979. However, the MY and MGY were not significantly different among stocking densities. The results of this study demonstrate that in intensive culture S. intermedius at low stocking density can achieve high growth rate, gonad index and desirable color without decreasing the marketable yield. Farmers should choose to culture S. intermedius at low stocking densities. 相似文献
5.
Wataru Doi Than Than Lwin Masashi Yokota Carlos Augusto Strüssmann Seiichi Watanabe 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(2):331-340
ABSTRACT: Sexual maturity, morphological sexual dimorphism, and reproduction of the goneplacid crab Carcinoplax vestita were investigated in Tokyo Bay, Japan, from November 2002 to October 2003. The puberty molt in males was evidenced by changes in the relative size of the chelipeds and merus of the walking legs, and was estimated to occur at a size range of 13.20–18.85 mm carapace length. Post-pubertal females were identified by the relative size of the abdomen and puberty was estimated to occur at a size range of 12.81–15.46 mm carapace length. Sexual dimorphism in C. vestita was observed in all features that showed secondary sexual characteristics. Monthly changes of gonad index in males, and of seminal receptacle index and occurrence of sperm plugs in females were synchronized, and indicated that mating was intense in spring. Ovaries began developing in March. Ovigerous females were found in all months except December, but were clearly more abundant between August and October. Fecundity ranged from 7800 to 57 000 mature oocytes per female per batch and was highly correlated with body size. The results suggest that some females may spawn more than one batch per year. 相似文献
6.
研究黄鳍金枪鱼鱼体脂肪含量与其生物学参数的关系有利于确定其鱼体脂肪含量与生物学参数是否有关并掌握鱼类的生长、繁殖和渔场特性。本研究根据2013年10月到2014年4月在印度洋中西部海域延绳钓渔业调查中采集到的91尾黄鳍金枪鱼,测定了其脂肪含量和生物学参数等,应用频率统计法分析了其脂肪含量的时空分布,脂肪含量与性别、体质量、性腺成熟度的关系;应用GAM方法分析了脂肪含量与条件系数(K)、纯重系数(SI)、性腺指数(GSI)、叉长(FL)的关系。结果显示:(1)黄鳍金枪鱼的脂肪含量为0.1%~26.7%,平均脂肪含量为6.94%;(2)黄鳍金枪鱼10—12月份月平均脂肪含量总体较低,12月份以后月平均脂肪含量呈上升趋势;2°N~3°N,59°E~60°E区域的平均脂肪含量最高,为15.3%,7°S~8°S,44°E~45°E区域的最低,为1.2%,两者之间具有显著性差异;(3)各性别、体质量组、性腺成熟度、叉长组的脂肪含量无显著性差异;(4)黄鳍金枪鱼脂肪含量与条件系数(K)、纯重系数(SI)、性腺指数(GSI)、叉长(FL)均无显著相关性。研究表明:(1)3、4月份黄鳍金枪鱼开始进入产卵期;(2)2°N~3°N,59°E~60°E可能是一重要的产卵场;(3)雌性的繁殖能力与鱼体脂肪含量无显著相关性。 相似文献
7.
8.
长江中游贝氏(鳖)繁殖生物学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2016年4-12月在监利长江何王庙故道采集591尾样本,对长江中游贝氏(鳖)(Hemiculter bleekeri)性比、初次性成熟大小、繁殖季节、产卵类型、产卵群体组成及繁殖力等繁殖生物学指标进行了分析.结果显示:贝氏(鳖)总体雌雄性比1.44:1,与1:1存在极显著性差异;繁殖期间雌雄比2.5:1,非繁殖季节雌雄比为0.91:1.繁殖群体年龄结构为1-3龄,以1龄补充群体为主,属于第Ⅱ类型.初次性成熟体长:SL♀50=8.08 cm, SL♂50=8.47 cm,最小观测性成熟个体分别为:雌性7.5 cm,体重6.65 g, 1龄;雄性8.2 cm,体重8.13 g, 1龄.根据成熟系数变化和性腺发育期观察,推测其繁殖季节为4-6月,可能延至7月份.贝氏(鳖)绝对繁殖力为1703~9601粒/尾,平均为(5876.6 ± 1837.8) 粒/尾,与体重、性腺重均呈线性关系,与体长呈幂函数关系.相对繁殖力(FW)为204.7~406.5粒/g,平均(322.3 ± 49.7) 粒/g,与成熟系数呈幂函数相关;相对繁殖力(FL)为212.0~827.6粒/cm,平均(552.4 ± 136.1) 粒/cm,与体重幂函数相关. 相似文献
9.
赛里木湖高白鲑繁殖生物学特性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1999～2003年对赛里木湖高白鲑(Coregonus peled)繁殖生物学特性进行了研究，结果表明：雄性个体多在1^ 龄达到性成熟，为96．1％；雌性个体1^ 龄达到性成熟的为18．2％，其余多在2^ 龄达到性成熟。其繁殖期为12月下旬到第二年1月份，雄性从9月到第二年1月都有流精个体；雌性绝对怀卵量平均为133360粒，相对怀卵量平均为82粒/g，繁殖期平均卵径为1．70mm。其体长与繁殖力关系方程为：F=0．01401L^4.3948(r=0．857)。体重与繁殖力关系方程为：F=130．121W-64196(r=0．898)。本还系统地描述各期精巢和卵巢的形态结构、特征及周年变化。 相似文献
10.
从渤海采集卵巢发育到Ⅳ和Ⅴ期的矛尾复鰕虎鱼32尾,采用重量法进行了生殖力的研究。结果表明:矛尾复鰕虎鱼为分批产卵类型,卵子呈卵圆型,卵径0.726mm±0.291mm;矛尾复鰕虎鱼的个体绝对生殖力为33 609±14 022粒,单位净体重生殖力为439.92±139.50粒/g,单位体长生殖力为1 176.08±227.08粒/mm。矛尾复鰕虎鱼个体绝对生殖力与体长、体宽、体重、净重、性腺重及肥满度相关关系密切,而与成熟系数相关关系不密切;体长相对生殖力与除成熟系数以外的其他生物学指标相关关系一般,与成熟系数相关关系不密切;净重相对生殖力与体长、体重、净重、性腺重、肥满度关系密切,与其他生物学指标相关性不强。 相似文献
11.
根据2012年1-4月西南大西洋公海鱿钓渔船随机采集的666尾阿根廷滑柔鱼样本,对其鱿钓渔获的群体组成、形态特征、雌雄性比、缠卵腺及性腺发育等渔业生物学进行分析。结果显示：调查期间鱿钓渔业阿根廷滑柔鱼渔获群体胴长为91～351 mm,呈双峰分布,雌、雄性平均胴长分别为243.6 mm 和214.5 mm,雌性个体显著大于雄性;雌雄性比为1.26：1,以雌性个体为主;雌性群体性成熟以Ⅱ期为主（57.9%）,Ⅲ期以上个体为42.1%;雌性性成熟度、缠卵腺发育程度与个体大小密切相关,进一步研究认为缠卵腺长与其重量存在幂函数关系,且雌性性成熟个体缠卵腺指数明显大于未成熟个体;雄性个体性腺随着个体生长逐步发育。根据个体大小和性成熟状况推测,调查期间捕获的阿根廷滑柔鱼群体以南巴塔哥尼亚种群（ SPS）为主,混有少量的夏季产卵（ SSS）群体。 相似文献
12.
The effects of four levels of food supply (0.5%, 1%, 2% and 3% body weight daily) were investigated on some reproductive traits and growth of hybrid tilapia in outdoor concrete tanks. Fast-growing fish matured early in the season (March), but spawning started late in May. Smallest size of males and females at first maturity was 8.1 cm. Fish size at maturity appears to be influenced by the feeding level, which affects the growth of fish. For both sexes, no significant difference was found in gonadosomatic index (GSI) among different treatments. Mean percentage of mature fish decreased with decreasing food supply and was found to be significantly different between fishes fed at 3% (46%) and 0.5% (28%) body weight. Fecundity increased with increased feeding levels, although significant differences were found only between 3% and other feeding rates (0.5–2.0%). The fecundity per g female was higher at the lower ration levels (0.5% and 1%) than at the higher feeding levels. Egg quality, with respect to egg size, hatchability. fry length and weight, was not affected by the feeding rates. Final mean weight and food conversion ratios were significantly influenced by feeding rates. Higher increase in ovary weight with increasing body weight of mature females fed at 0.5% body weight than fishes receiving higher food levels suggests that in these fish, more food resources are diverted towards gonad building than to somatic growth. 相似文献
13.
雌性克氏原螯虾性腺发育及相关系数的周年动态研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
建立了克氏原螯虾(Procam barus clarkii)生殖群体的平均体长、体重、性腺重及肝脏重的周年统计值,并利用怀卵量、抱卵量、相对繁殖力等生态学参数建立性腺发育数学模型。结果显示:雌性螯虾初始怀卵和抱卵的理论体长分别为5.6 cm和5.8 cm,理论最大怀卵量和抱卵量分别为1963粒和1136粒;通过模拟Logistic曲线,得到怀卵量随体重增长的3个关键点即始盛期、高峰期和盛末期,分别为16.87 g、36.53 g和56.18 g;雌性克氏原螯虾理论最大相对繁殖力的体长为9.22 cm,最大值为19.78粒/g;其理论最大体长为15.01 cm且当体长小于3.43 cm时性腺尚未发育。另外,本研究还分析了克氏原螯虾产卵群体的性成熟时间与结构。 相似文献
14.
John Blay 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1981,25(1):95-99
Fecundity of 26 specimens of Sarotherodon galilaeus cultured in a small concrete pond, 6.3 × 1.4 × 1.6 m, was determined by the “whole-count” method. The fish were not fed artificially but depended on natural phytoplankton growth, mainly Chlorococcus and Chlorella, for food. Pond water temperatures varied between 26° and 32°C. Fecundity ranged from 69 to 302 (mean = 149) for fish measuring 6.7 to 11.0 cm total length with body weights of 6.2 to 22.3 g and gonad weights of 0.32 to 1.23 g. The relationship between fecundity and total length was non-linear while fecundity-body weight and fecundity-ovary weight relationships were linear. The frequency distribution of ova diameters in mature ovaries showed two separate modes representing mature and immature ova, suggesting that the species has a restricted spawning period in the pond. 相似文献
15.
Harrison Charo-Karisa Henk Bovenhuis Raul W. Ponzoni Hans Komen 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2007,273(1):15-23
In this study we present estimates of phenotypic and genetic parameters for body size measurements, reproductive traits, and gut length for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) selected for growth in fertilized earthen ponds for two generations. Throughout the experiment, ponds were fertilized daily with 50 kg dry matter, (dm)/ha chicken manure. No supplementary feeds were added. For the analysis, 6429 fully pedigreed experimental fish from G0, G1 and G2 were used. Generations were discrete and therefore parameters were estimated separately for each year. Heritability estimates for body measurements ranged from 0.4-0.6 for standard length to 0.69-0.79 for head length. Phenotypic correlations between body weight and body measurements ranged from 0.64 to 0.89. Genetic correlations were close to unity. The heritability estimate for maturity at harvest (corrected for sex) was 0.13. Heritabilities for carcass traits were estimated from G1 only and were 0.16 for gutted weight and 0.06 for dressing percentage. Phenotypic correlation between body weight and gutted weight was 0.84 and the genetic correlation was 0.20. Heritability estimate for gut length was 0.22. We also estimated a high genetic correlation between gut length index and standard length (0.78) but a low genetic correlation between gut length index and body weight (0.22 ± 0.28). These results suggest that selection for growth on an herbivorous diet could result in a correlated response in gut length. 相似文献
16.
池塘养殖斑节对虾生长、发育与性成熟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解不同养殖条件下斑节对虾的生长、外生殖器发育、性腺发育及性成熟之间的关系,对其养殖进行跟踪调查研究.结果显示:①斑节对虾雌雄外生殖器官发育和头胸甲长呈线性关系;②不同养殖环境条件下,斑节对虾性成熟生物学最小型个体无显著差异.雄性精荚出现的生物学最小型个体为头胸甲长3.1 cm,体长11.1 cm,体质量20.0 g;雄性性成熟个体的头胸甲长3.7 cm,体长13.0 cm,体质量37.0 g.池养雌性斑节对虾的性成熟生物学最小型个体以纳精囊的发育完全(可与雄虾交配)为标志,其最小性成熟个体的头胸甲长4.3 cm、体长15.1 cm、体质量53.0 g,雌性性成熟个体为头胸甲长5.0 cm,体长17.0 cm,体质量75.0 g以上;③池塘养殖斑节对虾性成熟与日龄和养殖环境相关.鱼塭雄虾精荚出现的最早时间为日龄120 d前后,其性成熟日龄约为160 d;池塘养殖雄虾精荚出现的最早时间为日龄150 d前后,其性成熟日龄约为260 d.鱼媪雌虾最早交配发生在日龄165 d前后,性成熟日龄205～236 d,池养雌虾最早交配发生在日龄240～ 280 d,性成熟日龄295～360 d以上. 相似文献
17.
马绍尔群岛海域和吉尔伯特群岛海域黄鳍金枪鱼生物学特性比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用2006年10月至次年1月在马绍尔群岛海域与2009年10～12月和2010年11月至次年1月在吉尔伯特群岛海域延绳钓探捕所取得的黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacares)的生物学数据,应用统计学方法对两个海域的黄鳍金枪鱼生物学特性进行分析、比较。结果表明:(1)马绍尔群岛海域和吉尔伯特群岛海域黄鳍金枪鱼的优势叉长分别为120～140 cm和100～140 cm,平均叉长分别为(129±1.08)cm和(119±0.78)cm,差异性显著;(2)性别比例(雄性∶雌性)分别约为1.07∶1和1.40∶1,无显著性差异;(3)马绍尔群岛海域黄鳍金枪鱼的性腺成熟度高于吉尔伯特群岛北部海域,吉尔伯特群岛北部海域黄鳍金枪鱼的性腺成熟度高于南部;(4)摄食等级均以0和1级为主,其中马绍尔群岛海域分别占48.31%和35.96%,吉尔伯特群岛海域分别占27.91%和40.70%,无显著性差异;(5)两海域原条鱼重与叉长的关系无显著性差异;(6)马绍尔群岛海域的黄鳍金枪鱼可能是从吉尔伯特群岛海域洄游过去的。 相似文献
18.
ABSTRACT: Studies were conducted on growth and reproduction of the red frog crab, Ranina ranina (Linnaeus, 1758), in the Andaman Sea off Thailand from 1998 to 1999. Samples were collected from Ko Similan, Ko Surin and Thai-Myanmar boundary waters by gill net. Results showed that the relationship between carapace length (CL) and body weight (BW) for males (CL, 5.84–14.10 cm) was BW = 0.2598 CL3.0931 , and for females (CL, 5.35–10.97 cm) was BW = 0.4280 CL2.8656 . Growth in each gender showed allometric growth. The average CL of males was significantly larger than that of females. Average male and female crab sizes in 1999 were smaller than in 1998. The spawning season was found to be from November to February; maturing male crabs were abundant from September to December. Average sizes of CL at first maturity for males and females were 7.44 and 7.22 cm, respectively. Fecundity ranges of ovigerous female crabs were 74 600–167 900 eggs with an average egg diameter of 0.62 mm. The monthly sex ratios (male : female) varied between 1:0.56 and 1:2.77. 相似文献
19.
The annual reproductive cycle of the commercial sea cucumber Holothuria spinifera was studied in Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, India, from September 2000 to October 2001, by macroscopic and microscopic examination
of gonad tubule, gonad index and histology of gametogenic stages, to determine the spawning pattern. The gonad consists of
long tubules with uniform development. It does not confirm the progressive tubule recruitment model described for other holothurians.
The maximum percentage of mature animals, gonad and fecundity indices, tubule length and diameter, with the observations on
gonad histology, ascertained that H. spinifera had the peak gametogenic activity during September and October 2001 followed by a prolonged spawning period from November
2000–March 2001. 相似文献
20.
为掌握养殖银鲳的性腺发育规律及其与性类固醇激素水平的关系,本研究采用组织切片技术和酶联免疫吸附法(Elisa),观察养殖条件下银鲳的精巢与卵巢发育特征和血清中性类固醇激素的周年变化,并分析性腺成熟指数(GSI)、肝重指数(HSI)和肥满度(CF)与性腺发育的关系。结果显示,养殖银鲳雌鱼1龄即可发育成熟,成熟卵巢呈一对""形的囊状结构。11月份有近一半个体发育至III期,33.3%已发育至IV期,12月—翌年1月越冬期间约2/3退化至II期,3月又迅速发育至IV期,4月份达到V期并产卵,5月份产卵结束卵巢进入恢复期IV期。银鲳精巢属小叶型,III期精巢出现小叶腔,IV期精巢出现精子,精巢发育速率快于卵巢,即"雄性早熟",7月龄约20%个体可达到性成熟,越冬时退化至III期,3月重新发育,精子分批成熟排精。雌鱼GSI值为0.19%~12.89%,HSI为0.97%~2.30%,CF为2.30~3.08 g/cm~3,雄鱼的GSI为0.08%~2.62%,HSI值为0.73%~1.83%,CF为2.11~2.80 g/cm~3,GSI值在V期时达到最大,HSI和CF值则于IV期达到峰值。雌鱼血清中雌二醇(E2)周年表达水平为23.27~59.13 pg/m L,雄鱼为15.90~36.20 pg/m L,雌鱼的睾酮(T)为14.57~68.67 nmol/L,雄鱼的T为18.62~66.49 nmol/L,E2水平与HSI值呈现显著正相关关系,T表达水平与GSI值呈现显著正相关关系。研究表明,银鲳血清中性类固醇激素含量与精巢和卵巢的发育密切相关,可作为了解养殖银鲳性腺发育的重要指标。 相似文献