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为了探讨强化维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ）的水分散型颗粒剂维生素ＡＤ３Ｅ对减少潜伏性乳房炎的牛乳中体细胞数的效果，每次在馈料中添加维生素Ａ（ＶＡ）３，０００，０００Ｉ．Ｕ．、维生素Ｄ３（ＶＤ３）３００，０００Ｉ．Ｕ．和ＶＥ１２，０００ｍｇ。隔４日再添加１次。共２次。结果，试验组（２１头）血清中ＶＥ浓度在试验期中（１２日内）明显上升，对照组（２１头）没有变化。试验组血清中维生素Ａ醇和棕榈酸维生素Ａ醇浓度明显上升， 相似文献
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维生素A对秸杆NDF瘤胃降解率的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验采用3×3拉丁方设计,肉牛日粮中维生素A含量分别为1180国际单位、18680国际单位和36180国际单位,通过对瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸浓度和玉米秸秆NDF降解率的测定,结果表明维生素A36180国际单位较维生素A1180国际单位组能显著提高瘤胃中乙酸浓度和玉米秸杆NDF有效降解率(p＜0.05). 相似文献
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羊常用粗饲料干物质和粗蛋白的瘤胃降解特性研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
试验通过尼龙袋法研究了羊草、苜蓿干草、玉米秸秆、尿素-秸秆和NaOH-秸秆5种粗饲料在绵羊瘤胃内干物质和粗蛋白的降解特性。结果表明:5种粗饲料的有效降解率均在20%以上,其中以苜蓿干草最高。粗饲料干物质的有效降解率与干物质的快速降解部分呈显著强的正相关,与慢速降解部分和不可降解部分都呈弱的负相关,与慢速降解部分的降解速率呈较强的正相关。粗饲料粗蛋白的有效降解率与快速降解部分呈极显著强的正相关,与不可降解部分呈强的负相关。5种粗饲料的干物质和粗蛋白的瘤胃降解率均表现出较强的正相关,其中苜蓿干草的相关系数高达0.9435(P0.0001)。5种粗饲料的干物质和粗蛋白的瘤胃降解率相关性,由高到低依次为苜蓿干草羊草NaOH-秸秆尿素-秸秆玉米秸秆(P0.005)。 相似文献
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本试验采用纤维素酶和木聚糖酶2种非淀粉多糖（NSP）酶分别处理大麦秸秆和玉米秸秆，选取3只装有永久瘤胃瘘管的绵羊，通过尼龙袋法评价2种NSP酶处理对大麦秸秆和玉米秸秆养分在绵羊瘤胃内不同发酵时间（12、24、36、48、60、72 h）的降解率、降解参数和有效降解率的影响。结果显示：纤维素酶和木聚糖酶处理显著提高了大麦秸秆在瘤胃中12和36 h的干物质（DM）、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）和酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）降解率以及12 h的粗蛋白质（CP）降解率（P<0.05），而对大麦秸秆在瘤胃中36 h后的养分降解率无显著影响（P>0.05）；纤维素酶和木聚糖酶处理显著提高了玉米秸秆在瘤胃中12 h的DM降解率（P<0.05），纤维素酶处理显著提高了玉米秸秆在瘤胃中12 h的ADF和CP降解率（P<0.05）。纤维素酶和木聚糖酶处理显著增加了大麦秸秆DM、NDF、ADF和CP的快速降解部分（P<0.05），显著提高了DM、NDF和ADF慢速降解部分的降解速率（P<0.05），并显著提高了大麦秸秆NDF的有效降解率（P<0.05）；纤维素酶处理显著增加了玉... 相似文献
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为研究不同处理玉米秸秆与精粗比饲粮对滩湖F_2代育成公羊瘤胃干物质降解率的影响,试验采用瘤胃尼龙袋法,选用4只体质量相近、体况健康且装有永久瘤胃瘘管的滩湖F_2代育成公羊,分别测定不同复合氨化处理玉米秸秆和全株玉米青贮饲料及不同精粗比全混合饲粮尼龙袋样品,在其瘤胃培养4、8、16、24、48和72 h时的干物质降解率。结果表明:以复合氨化玉米秸秆为基础即粗饲料60%(氨化玉秸50%+苜蓿干草10%)+精补料40%全混合饲粮和以全株玉米青贮饲料为基础即粗饲料70%(全株玉米青贮30%+苜蓿干草20%+玉米秸秆20%)+精补料30%全混合饲粮在瘤胃内的干物质降解率较高,可以作为宁夏引黄灌区肉羊生产全混合饲粮的推荐配方。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献