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肉用西门塔尔牛与和牛杂交群体的肉品质分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究旨在对肉用西门塔尔牛与杂交和牛两试验群体进行肉质性状比较,以期为肉品质性状遗传机制剖析及优质肉牛培育提供理论指导。收集肉用西门塔尔牛与杂交和牛两试验群体肉质性状表型数据,包括眼肌面积、剪切力、系水力、pH、肉色、脂肪颜色和大理石花纹等指标,进行相关性及差异性分析,从而综合评价两群体的肉品质。结果显示,两群体的脂肪颜色、系水力及剪切力呈现两两正相关;肉色与脂肪颜色、pH呈正相关,且肉色与pH呈显著相关（P < 0.05）,而系水力与pH、肉色和大理石花纹呈负相关。在两试验群体间,和牛杂交群体的大理石花纹、眼肌面积、pH性状表现为极显著优于肉用西门塔尔牛（P < 0.01）。从性别比较来看,肉用西门塔尔牛母牛在大理石花纹、pH、剪切力等性状上极显著或显著优于公牛（P < 0.01;P < 0.05）;而和牛杂交群体母牛的肉色和剪切力性状表现为显著或极显著高于公牛（P < 0.05;P < 0.01）。总体而言,和牛杂交群体的肉质性能优于肉用西门塔尔牛;群体内比较表明,肉用西门塔尔牛群体母牛肉质性能优于公牛,而和牛杂交群体母牛肉质性能低于公牛。 相似文献
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本研究旨在对肉用西门塔尔牛与杂交和牛两试验群体进行肉质性状比较,以期为肉品质性状遗传机制剖析及优质肉牛培育提供理论指导。收集肉用西门塔尔牛与杂交和牛两试验群体肉质性状表型数据,包括眼肌面积、剪切力、系水力、pH、肉色、脂肪颜色和大理石花纹等指标,进行相关性及差异性分析,从而综合评价两群体的肉品质。结果显示,两群体的脂肪颜色、系水力及剪切力呈现两两正相关;肉色与脂肪颜色、pH呈正相关,且肉色与pH呈显著相关(P0.05),而系水力与pH、肉色和大理石花纹呈负相关。在两试验群体间,和牛杂交群体的大理石花纹、眼肌面积、pH性状表现为极显著优于肉用西门塔尔牛(P0.01)。从性别比较来看,肉用西门塔尔牛母牛在大理石花纹、pH、剪切力等性状上极显著或显著优于公牛(P0.01;P0.05);而和牛杂交群体母牛的肉色和剪切力性状表现为显著或极显著高于公牛(P0.05;P0.01)。总体而言,和牛杂交群体的肉质性能优于肉用西门塔尔牛;群体内比较表明,肉用西门塔尔牛群体母牛肉质性能优于公牛,而和牛杂交群体母牛肉质性能低于公牛。 相似文献
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为了研究脂蛋白酯酶(Lipoprotein lipase,LPL)对脂肪代谢的影响,进而提高牛肉品质,试验选择红安格斯牛[纯种红安格斯(♂)与蒙古牛(♀)杂交后代]、中国西门塔尔牛、草原红牛和夏洛莱牛[纯种夏洛莱(♂)与蒙古牛(♀)杂交后代]等4种杂交肉牛各6头,在相同饲养条件下育肥180 d后进行屠宰,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术测定背最长肌LPL基因mRNA表达量,用索氏提取法测定背最长肌脂肪含量。结果表明:草原红牛肌内脂肪含量显著高于其他3个品种肉牛(P0. 05),肌内脂肪含量高低顺序为草原红牛夏洛莱牛中国西门塔尔牛红安格斯牛,组间均差异显著(P0. 05);LPL基因mRNA表达量草原红牛显著高于其他3个品种肉牛(P0. 05),LPL基因mRNA表达量顺序为草原红牛夏洛莱牛中国西门塔尔牛红安格斯牛,组间均差异显著(P0. 05)。说明LPL基因对脂肪合成代谢有正向调控作用。 相似文献
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中国西门塔尔牛CAPN1基因SNPs及其与经济性状关联分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
本研究旨在分析CAPN1基因部分SNPs与中国西门塔尔牛经济性状的关联性.试验选取同龄、同场的135头中国西门塔尔牛为材料,利用PCR-RFLP方法检测CAPN1 316和CAPN1 4751 2个SNPs位点的多态性,并进行方差分析.结果发现,CAPN1 316 SNP位点与大理石花纹显著相关(P＜0.05),杂合子AB基因型个体的大理石纹评分显著高于AA和BB基因型个体(P＜0.05);CAPN1 4751位点与大理石花纹和剪切力显著相关(P＜0.05),大理石花纹性状中杂合子AB基因型个体评分显著高于AA基因型个体,剪切力性状中BB基因型个体显著高于AA基因型个体.结果表明,CAPN1 316和CAPN1 4751位点适合用于中国西门塔尔牛眼肌、肌肉大理石花纹的分子标记选择. 相似文献
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选择西门塔尔牛、利木赞牛、夏洛莱牛和安格斯牛4个引进品种的20头种公牛作为供试牛,测定不同品种种公牛的精液品质、精液及基础日粮中微量元素Fe、Cu、Zn、Se的含量.结果表明：精液中Cu含量夏洛莱牛极显著低于安格斯牛、西门塔尔牛、利木赞牛（P＜0.01）;Fe含量利木赞牛、西门塔尔牛、夏洛莱牛均显著高于安格斯牛（P＜0.05）;Zn含量利木赞牛和夏洛莱牛分别与安格斯牛、西门塔尔牛之间差异极显著（P＜0.01）和显著（P＜0.05）;Se含量供试肉牛品种之间差异均不显著（伶0.05）;射精量安格斯牛极显著高于利木赞牛（P＜0.01）,西门塔尔牛与利木赞牛、安格斯牛和夏洛莱牛之间差异均达显著水平（P＜0.05）;原精密度夏洛莱牛与安格斯牛、西门塔尔牛之间差异均极显著（P＜0.01）;原精活力西门塔尔牛与利木赞牛之间差异显著（P＜0.05）;细管印刷量安格斯牛极显著高于利木赞牛,西门塔尔牛和安格斯牛分别与利木赞牛和夏洛莱牛之间差异达显著水平（P＜0.05）;冻后活力西门塔尔牛显著高于利木赞牛和安格斯牛（P＜0.05）;冻精数安格斯牛和西门塔尔牛分别极显著高于夏洛莱牛和利木赞牛（P＜0.01）.因此,精液中铜含量与原精密度呈正相关,铁含量与射精量、原精密度、细管印刷量及冻精数之间的关系为负相关,精液中锌含量与射精量、原精密度之间呈正相关. 相似文献
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试验借助高密度SNP芯片技术在整个基因组范围内对223头中国西门塔尔牛群体进行基因分型,在SCD1基因上发现7个SNPs位点,对各SNP位点与西门塔尔牛肉质性状进行相关性分析。结果表明,SCD1基因的7个SNPs位点均与大理石花纹等级显著相关(P<0.05或P<0.01);A10050C、A13655G、C14790T和A15565G4个位点对剪切力影响显著(P<0.05);位点A13655G对肌内脂肪含量影响显著(P<0.05);位点A10050C、C14790T、A15565G不同基因型个体间脂肪颜色差异显著(P<0.05)。单体型分析结果显示,7个SNPs位点共构成6种单体型和14种单体型组合。单体型组合H3H6与高肌内脂肪含量极显著相关(P<0.01);单体型组合H6H6与优质大理石花纹极显著相关(P<0.01);单体型组合H4H6与高剪切力值显著相关(P<0.05);各单体型组合对肉色和脂肪颜色影响不显著。 相似文献
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为了阐明过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)对脂肪代谢的影响,试验选择红安格斯牛、西门塔尔牛、草原红牛和夏洛莱牛各6头,分为4组,在相同饲养条件下育肥180 d,屠宰,采样,采用实时荧光定量技术测定背最长肌PPARγ基因mRNA表达量,用索氏提取法测定背最长肌脂肪含量。结果表明:草原红牛肌内脂肪含量显著高于其他3个品种牛(P0.05),顺序为草原红牛夏洛莱牛西门塔尔牛红安格斯牛;草原红牛PPARγ基因mRNA表达量显著高于其他3个品种肉牛(P0.05),顺序为草原红牛夏洛莱牛西门塔尔牛红安格斯牛。说明PPARγ基因对脂肪合成代谢有正向调控作用。 相似文献
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影响肉牛经济效益因素的分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
在当前牛肉市场贸易条件下影响肉牛经济效益的因素较多 ,诸如肉牛的品种、年龄、性别、架子牛体重、育肥期内饲养水平、牛肉大理石花纹丰富程度、育肥期长短、屠宰加工分割技术、销售策略和技巧、无谓损失等等。本文依据实际称量测定的山东省东营市广饶县凯银清真肉业公司屠宰肉牛 1 65 0头 (北方大地育肥公司饲养并委托屠宰 )的牛肉产量资料和牛肉销售价格进行分析而得。分析结果 :在诸多影响肉牛经济效益因素中排在第一位的是牛肉大理石花纹丰富程度 ( 1级牛高于 6级牛 5 5 5元 /头 ) ;第二位是育肥牛的年龄 ( 2对牙牛高于未换牙牛 2 79元 /头 ) ;第三位是架子牛开始育肥体重 (≤ 30 0 kg牛好于≥ 5 0 0 .1 kg牛 2 2 2元 /头 ) ;第四位是背部脂肪厚度(≤ 5 mm牛低于≥ 1 5 mm牛 2 0 1元 /头 ) ;第五位是架子牛育肥时间 (育肥时间≤ 1 80 d比≥ 2 4 1≤ 30 0 d多 1 35元 /头 ) ;第六位是脂肪颜色 (白色、微黄色脂肪牛较黄色脂肪牛多卖 1 2 4元 /头 ) ;第七位是牛品种 (每头鲁西牛比夏洛来杂交牛、利木赞杂交牛、西门塔尔杂交牛分别多卖 1 0 0元、73元、73元 ) ;第八位是性别 (阉公牛较公牛多卖 5 0元 /头 )。 相似文献
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《畜牧与饲料科学》2017,(4)
为了研究相同放牧条件下蒙古牛和其他品种牛血清生化指标的变化,试验采用酶标仪测定了蒙古牛、安格斯牛和海福特牛血清8种生化指标的含量。结果表明,蒙古牛血清中胰高血糖素(glucagon,GC)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)含量均显著低于安格斯牛和海福特牛(P0.05)。而蒙古牛血清中生长激素(growth hormone,GH)含量显著低于海福特牛(P0.05),与安格斯牛之间无显著差异(P0.05);蒙古牛血清中血糖(blood glucose,BG)含量显著高于安格斯牛(P0.05),与海福特牛之间无显著差异(P0.05)。此外,蒙古牛血清中胰岛素(insulin,ISU)含量有高于安格斯牛和海福特牛的趋势,但差异不显著(P0.05);三碘甲状腺原氨酸(triiodothyronine,T_3)、甲状腺素(thyroxine,T_4)含量有低于安格斯牛和海福特牛的趋势,但差异不显著(P0.05)。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献