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动物疫病检测和诊断类标准是检测和判断动物疫病的主要依据。本文梳理了我国动物疫病检测和诊断技术标准的建设现状,并将其与我国《一、二、三类动物疫病病种名录》以及OIE《陆生动物疫病诊断和疫苗手册》和《中华人民共和国进境动物检疫疫病名录》中的陆生动物疫病目录进行对比。分析发现:我国动物疫病检测和诊断技术标准体系对我国一、二、三类动物疫病的覆盖率为92.6%,其中80%的标准有PCR和(或)ELISA检测方法 ;对OIE陆生动物疫病诊断和疫苗手册名录疫病的覆盖率为88.3%,其中73%的标准有PCR和(或)ELISA检测方法 ;对我国进境动物检疫名录疫病的覆盖率为87.7%,其中73%的标准有PCR和(或)ELISA检测方法。由此提出了提高我国动物疫病检测和诊断技术标准覆盖率,强化快速诊断检测技术标准化建设的建议。 相似文献
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通过对我国海峡两岸动物检疫管理体制和标准体系的比较,分析了两岸动物疫病名录以及相应的检疫标准的异同点。结果表明,两岸因为历史、地理、环境以及动物养殖方式等差异,在动物检疫管理和动物疫病名录方面存在较大差异;而动物检疫标准和方法则具有很好的共通性。 相似文献
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动物保护工程体系建设是一项科学性、技术性很强的系统工程，它包括动物疫病防疫、疫病诊断和监测、检疫监督、兽药质量检测和残留监控、重大疫病控制、政策法规保障等体系。动物保护工程体系对提高动物疫病控制水平，提高动物产品的质量安全，保障人民群众的身体健康，提高德令哈市畜产品在市场中的竞争力，保障畜牧业生产发展、畜牧业增效、农牧民增收和社会稳定，都具有十分重要的意义。 相似文献
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1.建立完善的县、乡、村三级防疫体系。
建立县级防疫执法体系。建立完善的县动物卫生监督所、畜牧兽医工作站、动物疫病预防控制中心和兽药饲料管理执法大队等机构，建设先进的动物疫病诊断化验室，提高对重大动物疫病的防疫、检疫、诊断和执法监管综合能力。 相似文献
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动物的疫病预防与控制是畜牧业发展的重要环节,兽医实验室承担着动物疫病诊断、监测、检测、流行病学调查等重要任务,为动物疫病的预防控制提供重要的理论依据和参考,在动疫病防控体系中占有举足轻重的地位。 相似文献
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动物的疫病预防与控制是畜牧业发展的重要环节,兽医实验室承担着动物疫病诊断、监测、检测、流行病学调查等重要任务,为动物疫病的预防控制提供重要的理论依据和参考,在动疫病防控体系中占有举足轻重的地位。 相似文献
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村级动物疫病防治员(简称村级防疫员)队伍是动物疫病防控体系的基础,是动物强制免疫、畜禽标志加挂、免疫档案建立和动物疫情报告等重要防疫措施实施的主体力量.有利于重大动物疫情的"早预防、早发现、早诊断、早控制",有利于各项动物疫病防控措施的落实.但目前村级防疫员队伍建设工作中出现的人员管理不完善、补助标准不高、工作任务重等问题已经影响到队伍稳定,给基层动物疫病防控工作带来安全隐患,如何加强村级防疫员队伍建设是当前亟需解决的首要问题. 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献