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本试验旨在研究饲粮全棉籽比例对奶牛泌乳性能和乳脂脂肪酸组成的影响。试验采用 ４×４拉丁方试验设计,选择 ８头泌乳早期的经产中国荷斯坦奶牛（产奶量、胎次、产犊日期接近,健康无疾病）,分为 ４组,每组 ２个重复,每个重复 １头牛。Ａ组饲喂基础饲粮,Ｂ、Ｃ和 Ｄ组分别饲喂含 ５％、１０％、１５％全棉籽的试验饲粮。每期试验 ２８ｄ,其中预试期为 ７ｄ,正试期为２１ｄ。结果表明：随着饲粮全棉籽比例的增加,奶牛产奶量有提高趋势（Ｐ＞０．０５）,校正乳产量极显著提高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。全棉籽极显著地提高了奶牛的乳脂率（Ｐ＜０．０１）,对乳蛋白率、乳糖率和乳非脂固形物率无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）。全棉籽极显著降低了饱和脂肪酸（ＳＦＡ）的含量（Ｐ＜０．０１）,不同程度地提高了乳中多不饱和脂肪酸（ＰＵＦＡ）和单不饱和脂肪酸（ＭＵＦＡ）的含量（Ｐ＜０．０５或 Ｐ＜０．０１）;短链脂肪酸和中链脂肪酸含量都显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）,长链脂肪酸含量有不同程度的提高（Ｐ＜０．０５或 Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果提示,饲粮中添加全棉籽可以提高奶牛产奶量,优化乳脂脂肪酸组成,改善乳脂品质,并以 １０％为泌乳早期奶牛最佳饲粮全棉籽比例。 相似文献
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奶牛胎衣不下血液流变学主要指标的变化 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本实验对９ 头胎衣不下病牛和１２ 头产后健康奶牛产后３０ｄ 内的血液流变学主要指标进行了系统监测。结果表明：在产后７ ～１０ｄ 内，病牛全血比粘度显著或极显著高于产后健康牛（Ｐ＜ ０－０５或０－０１） ；红细胞聚集指数、血浆比粘度和血浆纤维蛋白原含量亦显著或极显著升高（Ｐ＜ ０－０５ 或０－０１） ；红细胞压积呈降低趋势。病牛恶露排尽时间、产后首次发情时间显著延长，子宫内膜炎发病率显著升高，可能与体内血粘度持续升高、血液微循环障碍、子宫内分泌物排出困难有关 相似文献
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蛋鸡饲料中添加蒲公英粉的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文研究了炎热夏季，在饲料中添加蒲公英对鸡产蛋性能的影响及效益分析，结果表明饲料中添加２％蒲公英粉（Ⅱ组）可级显著提高产蛋率（Ｐ＜０．０１），蛋重有增加趋势，但着异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）；添加４％蒲公英粉（Ⅲ组）的产蛋率显著高于Ⅰ组（Ｐ＜０．０５），但平均日耗料量极显著高于Ⅰ组（Ｐ＜０．０１），显著高于Ⅱ组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。在３５d的试验中，Ⅱ组较Ⅰ组多盈利８０．３４元，Ⅲ组较Ⅰ组多盈利３２元。 相似文献
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奶牛繁殖力与头年单产的相关研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验对中国荷斯坦牛繁殖力与单产作了相关和通径分析。结果表明，总受胎率、情期受胎率、第一情期受胎率与奶牛单产均有极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）的强正相关关系：年繁殖率与奶牛单产呈显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）的强正相关；空怀天数、半年未娠率、胎间距与奶牛单产均有显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）的强负相关作用。繁殖力对奶牛单产的综合决定程度为８６．２３％。上年平均空怀天数与本年平均胎间距呈极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）的强正相关，建立回归方程，早期预测胎间距、奶牛单产。 相似文献
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激光穴位照射对子宫卵巢病牛血浆β—内啡肽含量和发情的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
３４头黑白花奶牛，患子宫炎或卵巢疾病而不孕，将其随机分为２组。激光组（２４头）用Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光照射交巢穴，７ｄ为１疗程。间歇７ｄ再照射第２疗程。对照组（１０头）不用激光照射。ＲＩＡ法分析血浆β－内啡肽（β－ＥＮＤ）含量。结果发现，激光组病牛血浆β－ＥＮＤ由照射前（第０天）的１１２．８６４±５８．９４７ｐｇ／ｍｌ升高到第１疗程后（第８天）的１７５．６３４±１０４．３１０ｐｇ／ｍｌ（Ｐ＜０．０５），间歇１周后为（第１４天）２３７．６２７±１５３．１３６ｐｇ／ｍｌ（Ｐ＜０．０１），第２疗程后（第２２天）为１９３．４４８±１０４．３７８ｐｇ／ｍｌ（Ｐ＜０．０５）。显著高于对照组同期测定值。同时观察到，激光组发情牛头数为２１头，发情率８７．５％；对照组发情３头，发情率３０％。组间差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。表明激光照射穴位可使病牛β－ＥＮＤ分泌增加，并参与调节生殖机能 相似文献
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在高温季节（２５．５～３９．４℃），配制５种日粮，分别将其喂蛋鸡。第一种日粮（对照组）按现行饲养标准配制。对第２～５种，不同程度地调整其中代谢能、粗蛋白及必需氨基酸等主要养分的浓度。饲养结果表明：与对照组比较，采食第４种日粮的蛋鸡产蛋率提高１５．２０％（Ｐ＜０．０１），饲料用于产蛋的效率提高１５．７％（Ｐ＜０．０１），产蛋饲料成本降低８．９％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；采食第５种口粮的蛋鸡产蛋率提高１０．５５％（Ｐ＜０．０５），饲料用于产蛋的效率提高９．９９％（Ｐ＜０．０５），但产蛋饲料成本增加１１．６７％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；采食第２种日粮的蛋鸡产蛋率和饲料效率降低，饲料成本提高，但均不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）；采食第３种日粮的蛋鸡产蛋率、饲料效率和产蛋饲料成本均与对照组相似。 相似文献
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用１０６只７５周龄京白品种淘汰母鸡研究了添加砂砾（Ｉ组）和以全石粒（Ⅱ组）、全石粉（对照组）作钙源的效果。结果表明，三组产蛋性能（软蛋率除外）和料蛋比无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；Ⅱ组蛋壳显著比Ｉ（Ｐ＜０．０５）和对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）薄，其他蛋壳品质指标组产无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；Ⅱ组从蛋内容物与蛋壳中回收的钙显著高于另两组；停喂砂和石粒１９０－１９１小时后，仍有砂砾或石粒滞留于肌胃内。 相似文献
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高温季节蛋鸡日粮养分适宜浓度的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在高温季节（２５．５℃－３９．４℃），配制５种日粮，分别将其喂蛋鸡。第一种日粮（对照组）按现行饲养标准配制。对第２－５种，不同程度地调整其中代谢能、粗蛋白及必需氨基酸等主要养分的浓度。饲养结果表明，与对照组比较，采食第４种日粮的蛋鸡产蛋率提高１５．２０％（Ｐ＜０．０１），饲料用于产蛋的效率提高１５．７０％（Ｐ＜０．０１），产蛋饲料成本降低８．９％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；采食第５种日粮的蛋鸡产蛋率提高１０．５５％（Ｐ＜０．０５），饲料用于产蛋的效率蜇高９．９９％（Ｐ＜０．０５），但产蛋饲成本增加１１．６７％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；采食第２种日粮的蛋鸡产蛋率和饲料效率降低，饲料成本提高，但均不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）；采食第３种日粮的蛋鸡产蛋率、饲料效率和产蛋饲料成本均与对照组相似。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献