共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 843 毫秒
1.
论文在谯仕彦等（2002）第三届全国饲料营养学术研讨会所著的中国猪饲料营养价值评定研究进展的基础上所完成，共查阅2002年7月至2006年7月4年期间国内公开发表的关于饲料养分及氨基酸回肠表观和真消化率测定文献近50篇，主要集中在玉米、高油玉米、菜籽粕、去皮及带皮豆粕等的测定。通过查阅近4年来的相关资料发现，国内对饲料营养价值评定的技术与方法学上基本没有突破，并且发表的试验论文大多未采用养分的实测值，对氨基酸回肠表观和真消化率的研究也不多，少数的报道主要来自农业部饲料工业中心和广东省农科院畜牧研究所等个别实验室。此外，本文还着重对国外关于生长猪与成年母猪的纤维营养价值评定以及净能体系的研究进行了简要的总结。 相似文献
2.
标准回肠消化率在肉鸡饲料原料氨基酸营养价值评定中的应用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了获得最佳生产性能,配制满足家禽营养需要的日粮配方和将排泄到环境中的过多养分降到最低,已显得尤为重要。关于蛋白质饲料原料,多通过表观回肠消化率反映其利用率。以表观回肠消化率值为基础配制日粮,低估了饲料原料的氨基酸消化率,导致排泄物中养分含量增加。通过内源氨基酸基础损失校正表观回肠消化率所得的标准回肠消化率,能克服表观回肠消化率的局限性。作者讨论了标准回肠氨基酸消化率和内源氨基酸基础损失的估测方法,并对其在肉鸡饲料原料氨基酸营养价值评定中的应用作一总结。 相似文献
3.
味精蛋白对鸡代谢能和养分代谢率影响的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
试验选用24只2kg左右的蛋公鸡,随机分为4个处理,每个处理6只鸡,前3个处理分别给每只鸡强饲占体重3%的待测原料,第4个处理作为内源对照组,测定内源排泄量,以评定味精蛋白对鸡代谢能和养分代谢率的影响。结果表明:味精蛋白的总能比豆粕高3.87%,而比玉米蛋白粉低15.56%;粗蛋白含量达到71.45%,分别比豆粕和玉米蛋白粉高64.03%和22.32%。味精蛋白的表观代谢能、真代谢能、粗蛋白表观消化率和真消化率、总氨基酸表观消化率和真消化率均极显著低于豆粕和玉米蛋白粉(P<0.01)。而干物质表观消化率和真消化率三者间无显著差异(P>0.05)。在已测定的17种氨基酸中,除甘氨酸外,味精蛋白粉其他氨基酸表观消化率和真消化率均极显著低于豆粕和玉米蛋白粉(P<0.01)。这表明味精蛋白的养分利用率低于豆粕和玉米蛋白粉。 相似文献
4.
本研究旨在评定复合酵母对仔猪的营养价值,重点评定复合酵母在仔猪上表观消化能、表观代谢能、粗蛋白质的真消化率、粗蛋白质的真利用率和氨基酸的回肠消化率。通过化学分析和仔猪消化代谢试验测定复合酵母的营养成分和主要养分的生物利用率。饲养试验采用单因子设计,选用体重(19.9±1.2)kg的"杜×长×大"三元杂交仔猪12头进行消化代谢试验,随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复1头猪。各组分别饲喂无氮饲粮和以复合酵母作为唯一蛋白质源的半纯合饲粮。试验期7 d,预试期3 d,正试期4 d。结果表明:复合酵母粗蛋白质含量高达47.35%,赖氨酸含量为3.43%,蛋氨酸含量为0.72%,赖氨酸∶蛋氨酸∶色氨酸∶苏氨酸=100∶21∶19∶64,与猪的理想蛋白质氨基酸模式接近;复合酵母的表观消化能为14.98 MJ/kg,表观代谢能为14.05 MJ/kg;粗蛋白质的真消化率、真利用率分别为89.71%和69.53%;除了苏氨酸,其他必需氨基酸的回肠真消化率都高于80%。由此可见,复合酵母属于优质蛋白质饲料,蛋白质含量高,氨基酸平衡性好,有效能值高,仔猪对复合酵母的蛋白质、氨基酸的消化利用效果理想。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
饲料氨基酸消化率是评定饲料原料营养价值和可利用性的一项重要指标。饲料原料氨基酸消化率的获得为动物可消化氨基酸需要量的测定和更准确地设计日粮配方提供参考数据。本文介绍了"TME"真代谢能法(饥饿-强饲-收粪法)和回肠末端法评定鸡饲料氨基酸消化率过程中的操作方法,并就存在的问题进行了探讨。 相似文献
8.
《畜牧兽医学报》2016,(1)
本试验旨在对喷雾干燥鸡血浆蛋白粉在仔猪上的营养价值进行评定。试验采用单因子设计,将24头健康的"杜×长×大"三元杂交去势公猪(初始体重(24.96±1.05)kg)随机分配到3个处理,每个处理8个重复。分别饲喂无氮饲粮、玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮、鸡血浆蛋白粉饲粮(等氮替代基础饲粮中40%的氮)。所有仔猪预饲6d后,进行4d的消化代谢试验,收集全部粪尿,用于测定养分消化率和利用率。试验结束后所有仔猪麻醉屠宰,采集回肠末端食糜,用于测定氨基酸表观回肠消化率和标准回肠消化率。结果表明:喷雾干燥鸡血浆蛋白粉的粗蛋白质高达69.36%,赖氨酸含量为4.53%,蛋氨酸含量为1.65%,赖氨酸∶蛋氨酸∶色氨酸∶苏氨酸=100∶36∶30∶91,与猪的理想蛋白质氨基酸模式较接近;鸡血浆蛋白粉的表观消化能为16.02 MJ·kg-1,表观代谢能为15.39MJ·kg-1;粗蛋白质的表观消化率和真消化率分别为87.58%和91.11%;除了甘氨酸外,所有氨基酸的标准回肠消化率都高于80%。综上表明,喷雾干燥鸡血浆蛋白粉是一种优质的动物性蛋白质原料。 相似文献
9.
10.
选用24只2 kg左右的蛋公鸡,随机分组进行4个处理,每个处理6只鸡。前3个处理分别给每只鸡强饲占体重4%的待测原料(豆粕、玉米蛋白粉和味精菌体蛋白),第4个处理作为内源对照组,测定内源排泄量,以评定味精菌体蛋白对鸡蛋白质和氨基酸利用率的影响。结果表明,味精菌体蛋白粗蛋白含量达到71.45%,分别比豆粕和玉米蛋白粉高64.03%和22.32%;味精菌体蛋白粗蛋白表观消化率和真消化率、总氨基酸表观消化率和真消化率均极显著低于豆粕和玉米蛋白粉(P<0.01);而干物质表观消化率和真消化率三者间无显著差异(P>0.05);在已测定的17种氨基酸中,除甘氨酸外,味精菌体蛋白粉其他氨基酸表观消化率和真消化率均极显著低于豆粕和玉米蛋白粉(P<0.01)。这表明味精菌体蛋白的蛋白质和氨基酸利用率低于豆粕和玉米蛋白粉。 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
14.
本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
15.
16.
以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
17.
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
18.
19.
20.
Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献