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1.
真鲷精子诱导牙鲆减数分裂雌核发育   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  
采用真鲷精子激活牙鲆卵子,经(0±0.5)℃冷休克处理,诱导了牙鲆减数分裂雌核发育。灭活真鲷精子,紫外线照射剂量3.4mJ/cm2时孵化率最低;随着照射剂量的增加,孵化率恢复,照射剂量73mJ/cm2时,孵化率最高,呈现典型的Hertwig效应。用流式细胞仪检测倍性,未经冷休克处理的胚胎全部为单倍体,经冷休克处理的均为二倍体,表明精子灭活有效。冷休克实验结果表明,冷休克起始时间2～5min均有效,以3min为最好;冷休克持续时间30～90min均有效,以45min为最好。综合两项因素,授精3min后,休克时间持续45min组的授精率和孵化率均为最高,与其他处理组差异显著(P<0.05)。RAPD分析结果显示,异源精子的遗传信息未在雌核发育二倍体的电泳图中出现,表明其遗传信息没有传递给子代。  相似文献   

2.
二次正交旋转组合设计优化人工诱导翘嘴鲌雌核发育   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
采用紫外线照射鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio)精子使其遗传物质失活,并用冷休克方法抑制翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus)卵第二极体的排出,诱导出翘嘴鲌雌核发育二倍体。运用3因素5水平二次正交旋转组合设计方法,分别建立冷休克起始时间(x_1)、处理时间(x_2)和处理温度(x_3)3个因素与翘嘴鲌雌核发育率(y_1)和孵化率(y_2)两个指标之间的二次回归模型,探究翘嘴鲌减数分裂雌核发育的最优诱导条件组合。并采用响应面分析法(RSM),讨论各因素水平的单因素效应、互作效应对响应值的影响。结果表明,受精后6 min进行冷休克,处理时间为18 min,休克温度为7℃时,雌核发育率达最大(18.60%);受精后6 min进行冷休克,处理时间为23 min,休克温度为5℃时,孵化率达最大(33.00%)。各因素对响应值的影响均是呈开口向下的抛物面关系。根据因素贡献率得到,起始时间对翘嘴鲌雌核发育影响极显著,冷休克处理温度次之,而冷休克处理时间的影响最小。  相似文献   

3.
黄姑鱼雌核发育诱导及鉴定   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
为建立黄姑鱼雌核发育诱导方法,实验利用紫外线照射使黄姑鱼精子遗传失活,与卵子授精后再通过冷休克抑制极体排放进行倍性恢复,成功诱导出黄姑鱼雌核发育二倍体。精子经强度为3 800μW/(cm2·s)的紫外线照射10～100 s,受精卵孵化率呈现明显的Hertwig效应;当照射时长达到60 s以上,各实验组全部孵出仔鱼均呈现单倍体综合症。精子的紫外线照射时间、受精卵冷休克起始和持续时间等三因素三水平正交实验结果表明,精子经紫外线照射60 s,受精2 min后卵子在3～4 ℃海水中持续冷休克10 min为最佳诱导条件组合,可以获得最高的孵化率(16%)。最佳组合仔鱼形态和细胞相对DNA含量与正常二倍体一致,经微卫星标记检验证明全部不含有父本基因,为雌核发育二倍体。实验报道了成功诱导黄姑鱼雌核发育二倍体的条件,为进一步开展黄姑鱼良种选育和性别控制工作奠定了基础。  相似文献   

4.
异源精子诱导犬齿牙鲆的雌核发育   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
用冷冻保存的花鲈精子作为异源精子,采用紫外线(UV)对精子进行照射使其遗传物质失活,然后与卵子进行"授精",可以刺激犬齿牙鲆鱼卵进行雌核发育,在受精后一定时间采用冷休克处理"授精"卵,抑制第二极体排出成功获得了犬齿牙鲆雌核发育二倍体鱼苗.实验表明:犬齿牙鲆同源精子经80 mJ/cm2的紫外线照射可以完全失活,冻存花鲈精子经紫外线照射后也同样具有诱导犬齿牙鲆雌核发育的能力.无论同源精子还是异源精子,最佳诱导条件为在18℃条件下,精子经80 mJ/cm2的紫外线照射,受精后4～5 min将受精卵放在3℃海水中进行冷休克处理,持续时间为45 min,同源精子和异源精子二倍体诱导分别为32.66%±7.03%和28.00%±6.48%.采用形态学、流式细胞仪DNA含量分析和微卫星标记技术对雌核发育鱼苗进行了分析,证明了雌核发育鱼苗为雌核发育二倍体.  相似文献   

5.
黑鲷精子诱导漠斑牙鲆雌核发育研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
采用紫外线遗传失活的黑鲷精子与漠斑牙鲆卵子授精,获得了漠斑牙鲆雌核发育单倍体受精卵,经冷休克处理后诱导出漠斑牙鲆雌核发育二倍体.试验结果表明,黑鲷精子经紫外线照射后(0～180 J/cm2)与漠斑牙鲆卵子受精,胚胎孵化率呈现明显的Hertwig效应.黑鲷精子遗传失活的最适紫外线照射剂量为120 J/cm2.18℃的水温条件下,冷休克处理的最适时刻为受精后4 min.处理持续时间和处理温度组合试验表明,在相同处理持续时间条件下,3℃休克水温处理效果均优于对应1℃休克水温各组,且45 min处理持续时间诱导效果最佳.综合试验结果,黑鲷精子诱导漠斑牙鲆雌核发育的适合条件为:水温18℃,将黑鲷精子经120 J/cm2紫外线照射后与漠斑牙鲆卵子受精,受精后4min,用3℃冷海水处理45min,可获得46.59％的雌核发育漠斑牙鲆二倍体初孵仔鱼.  相似文献   

6.
用冷冻保存的花鲈精子作为异源精子,采用紫外线（UV）对精子进行照射使其遗传物质失活,然后与卵子进行“授精”,可以刺激犬齿牙鲆鱼卵进行雌核发育,在受精后一定时间采用冷休克处理“授精”卵,抑制第二极体排出成功获得了犬齿牙鲆雌核发育二倍体鱼苗。实验表明：犬齿牙鲆同源精子经80 mJ/cm2 的紫外线照射可以完全失活,冻存花鲈精子经紫外线照射后也同样具有诱导犬齿牙鲆雌核发育的能力。无论同源精子还是异源精子,最佳诱导条件为在18 ℃条件下,精子经80 mJ/cm2的紫外线照射,受精后4~5 min将受精卵放在3 ℃海水中进行冷休克处理,持续时间为45 min,同源精子和异源精子二倍体诱导分别为32.66%±7.03%和28.00%±6.48%。采用形态学、流式细胞仪DNA含量分析和微卫星标记技术对雌核发育鱼苗进行了分析,证明了雌核发育鱼苗为雌核发育二倍体。  相似文献   

7.
人工诱导泥鳅雌核发育试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
用经UV灭活的野鲤精子激活泥鳅卵,以冷休克与热休克二种方式诱导激活卵的染色体加倍。冷休克组进行休克起始时间、持续时间二参数组合试验,休克起始时间分别为3min、4min、5min,持续时间为20min、25min,休克处理温度0℃-3℃。热休克组休克起始时间为3min35s,持续时间为2min,休克处理温度为39℃-41℃。结果:冷休克组各组合均得到雌核发育二倍体泥鳅苗,以休克起始时间为3min、持续时间为25min组合雌核发育二倍体的诱导率最高,达28.8%-34.1%。热休克组雌核发育二倍体诱导率52.1%-56.3%,与冷休克各组合间均存在极显著差异(P0.01),诱导效果显著好于冷休克组。泥鳅苗经12d培育,冷休克组成活率28.6%,全长0.7-1.6cm;热休克组成活率43%,全长0.5-1.4cm;对照组成活率70.5%,规格与冷休克组相当。  相似文献   

8.
采用紫外线(UV)灭活的冷冻真鲷(Pagrosomus major)精子激发漠斑牙鲆(Paralichthys lethostigma)卵子发育.冷冻真鲷精子适宜的UV灭活剂量为72 mJ/cm2,随着处理时间延长,胚胎的孵化率呈现哈特维希效应,其中40 s灭活组胚胎孵化率达到最高[(29士1.9)％],单倍体率100％.利用冷休克法抑制卵子第二极体排出,成功获得雌核发育二倍体仔鱼.冷休克处理温度为0～2℃,处理起始时间3 min、持续时间45 min时,雌核发育二倍体胚胎的孵化率最高,达(9.4士0.71)％,获得批量雌核发育仔鱼.雌核发育仔鱼经流式细胞仪和染色体倍性鉴定,均为二倍体(2n=48),未发现单倍体和非整倍体现象.雌核发育二倍体组和单倍体组与正常二倍体组组孵化时间差异显著,分别历时64 h 59 min和55 h 49 min.雌核发育二倍体仔鱼与正常二倍体仔鱼形态特征差异不显著(P＞0.05),单倍体仔鱼明显畸形.研究表明,采用适宜的紫外线剂量灭活的冷冻真鲷精子可成功诱导漠斑牙鲆雌核发育,获得雌核发育二倍体后代,研究结果可为漠斑牙鲆全雌化苗种生产提供技术和理论依据.  相似文献   

9.
花鲈冷冻精子诱导漠斑牙鲆雌核发育   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
采用紫外线(UV)对冻存的花鲈精子进行照射使其遗传物质失活,作为异源精子诱导源,与漠斑牙鲆卵子进行“授精”,可以诱导漠斑牙鲆卵进行雌核发育。结合静水压处理,抑制第二极体排出,成功获得了漠斑牙鲆雌核发育二倍体鱼苗。实验表明,同源精子和异源精子均可在紫外线照射遗传失活后诱导漠斑牙鲆卵雌核发育,经实验筛选出异源精子诱导漠斑牙鲆雌核发育的最佳条件为花鲈冻存精子采用80 mJ/cm2的紫外线照射,然后与漠斑牙鲆卵子进行授精,培育水温18 ℃条件下,受精后4~5 min,施以65 MPa的静水压休克处理6 min,可有效诱导漠斑牙鲆卵的雌核发育。采用形态学、流式细胞仪DNA含量分析和微卫星标记技术对雌核发育鱼苗进行了分析,证明了雌核发育鱼苗为雌核发育二倍体。本文首次报道了采用异源冷冻精子诱导漠斑牙鲆鱼卵进行雌核发育的技术方法,为漠斑牙鲆性别控制和遗传改良提供了技术手段。  相似文献   

10.
异源精子诱导条斑星鲽雌核发育   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
用冷冻保存的花鲈精子作为异源精子,采用紫外线（UV）对精子进行照射使其遗传物质失活,然后与卵子进行授精,可以刺激条斑星鲽鱼卵进行雌核发育,在受精后一定时间采用冷休克处理“受精”卵,抑制第二极体排出成功获得了条斑星鲽雌核发育二倍体鱼苗。实验表明,花鲈精子只有经过紫外线照射遗传失活后,才能诱导产生条斑星鲽雌核发育二倍体鱼苗。经过大量实验筛选出诱导条斑星鲽雌核发育的最佳条件为花鲈冷冻精子采用80 MJ/cm2 的紫外线照射,然后与条斑星鲽卵子进行授精,在受精后7~9 min,将受精卵放在-1.0~1.5 ℃海水中进行冷休克处理,持续时间为60~90 min,在此条件下,获得的雌核发育二倍体的相对诱导率达40.68%±7.24%。由于不失活精子与条斑星鲽卵形成的杂交胚只能存活到原肠期,而染色体未被成功加倍的胚胎会由于单倍体的致死效应在孵化前后死亡,所以存活的仔鱼全部为条斑星鲽雌核发育二倍体。采用微卫星标记技术对雌核发育鱼苗进行了分析,证明了雌核发育鱼苗为雌核发育二倍体。首次报道了采用异源冷冻精子诱导条斑星鲽鱼卵进行雌核发育的技术方法,为条斑星鲽性别控制和遗传改良提供了技术手段。  相似文献   

11.
Large yellow croaker, Pseudosciaena crocea, exhibit sexually dimorphic growth, with females growing faster and reaching larger adult sizes than males. Thus, development of techniques for preferentially producing females is necessary to optimize production of these species. We have established a protocol to produce all-female croaker P. crocea through induction of meiotic gynogenesis with homologous sperm. The first set of experiments investigated the ultra-violet (UV) irradiation on sperm motility and duration of sperm activity to determine the optimal UV dosage for genetic inactivation of sperm, yet retaining adequate motility for activation of eggs. Milt from several males was diluted 1:100 with Ringer’s solution and UV irradiated with doses ranging from 0–150 J cm−2. The results indicated that motility and duration of activity generally decreased with increased UV doses. At UV doses greater than 105 J cm−2, after fertilization, motility was <10% and fertilization rates were significantly lower. Highest hatching rate was obtained at 75 J cm−2. A second set of experiments was carried out to determine appropriate conditions of cold shock for retention of the 2nd polar body in P. crocea eggs after fertilization with UV-inactivated sperm by altering the timing, temperature and duration of shock. At 20°C, shock applied at 3 min after fertilization resulted in higher survival rate of larvae at 6 h after hatching. Results of different combinations of three shock temperatures (2°C, 3°C or 4°C) and five shock durations (4 min, 8 min, 12 min, 16 min or 20 min) at 3 min after fertilization demonstrated that shocks of 12 min gave highest production of diploid gynogens. Statistical analysis revealed that maximum production of diploid gynogens (44.55 ± 2.99%) were obtained at 3°C. The results of this study indicate that the use of UV-irradiated homologous sperm for activation of P. crocea eggs and cold shock for polar body retention is an effective method for producing gynogenetic offspring.  相似文献   

12.
Effects of the starting time and duration of cold shock, as well as the source of heterogenic sperm on the percentage of viable gynogenic larvae (PVGL) in tench were studied. The DNA in sperm of red common carp (Cyprinus carpio var singuonensis) was inactivated by ultraviolet radiation prior to use to induce meiotic gynogenetic development in tench. In experiment 1, tench eggs were cold-shocked for 30 min starting at 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 15 min post activation. In experiment 2, cold shock began 5 min after activation and lasted for 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 min, respectively. Each experiment was run in triplicate using 3 tench females, and one group not treated with cold shock was included in each experiment to serve as a control group. In experiment 3, sperm of bigmouth buffalo (Ictiobus cyprinellus), red common carp or grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) was used to induce gynogenesis in tench with a 20-min cold shock starting 5 min post activation. The results showed that PVGL from the control group was very low (0.11–0.47%). In experiment 1, the highest average PVGL (9.60%) was observed when cold shock treatment was applied 5 min post activation. When cold shock treatment was started 5 min post activation, duration of cold shock affected PVGL. Cold shock lasting 20 min resulted in the highest average PVGL (12. 57%) among the selected duration of cold shock studied in experiment 2. The average PVGL was 2.3, 8.6, and 9.3%, respectively, for eggs induced by sperm of bigmouth buffalo, red common carp and grass carp. Average PVGL was significantly lower for eggs induced by sperm of bigmouth buffalo, compared with that for eggs induced by sperm of the other two species. However, average PVGL were similar for eggs induced by sperm of red common carp and grass carp. In summary, the optimal conditions for gynogenesis in tench include the use of irradiated sperm of grass carp to activate the eggs and cold shock of 20 min starting 5 min post activation. Since female tench grow much faster to a larger size than male tench, gynogenesis of tench holds great potential for production enhancement.  相似文献   

13.
Mass production of fast‐growing, all‐female muskellunge Esox rnasquinongy by gynogenesis requires optimized techniques of preventing second polar body extrusion. Heat, cold, and pressure shocks were evaluated for their efficiency of doubling the maternal genome. Muskellunge eggs (20–40 g) were activated with 1 mL ultraviolet (UV)‐irradiated (1,248 J/ m2) heterologous sperm of yellow perch Perca flavescens. Survival and ploidy (by flow cytometry) were determined during the eyed‐stage. Cold shocks of 1.3 × 1 C were applied at 5 or 20 min after gamete activation with water (time of initiation, TI) for a duration of 150 min and pressure shocks of 48,263 or 55,158 kPa (7,000 or 8,000 psi, respectively) at a TI of 4 rnin for 12 min. These shock treatments resulted in 43.7–95.0% diploid gynogens with corresponding yield of diploid gynogen (percent diploid gynogens × total percent survival) of 2.6–11.I%. Cold shocks applied at TI of 5 or 20 min after activation resulted in statistically similar percent survival, percent diploid gynogens, and yield of diploid gynogens. Heat shocks of 31 × 0.1C applied at a TI of 5 to 15 min for a duration of 5 min resulted in 4.8–21.1% diploid gynogens with yields of 0.1–0.4%. Cold and pressure shocks have better potential than heat shock for preventing the second polar body extrusion. Muskellunge eggs activated with UV‐irradiated yellow perch sperm, but not exposed to shock, resulted in 100% haploids with survival of 2.3–5.8%. No viable embryos were produced from the hybrid cross between muskellunge and yellow perch, thus, all diploids produced after the shock treatments were unambiguous meiotic gynogens. Muskellunge eggs fertilized with fresh muskellunge sperm (controls) showed 60.4–64.0% survival to the eyedstage and 100% diploidy. Considering that the sex‐determining mechanism in muskellunge follows the WZ female, ZZ male system, future efforts should be directed to test the efficiency of cold and pressure shocks for mass‐producing gynogenetic super female (WW) muskellunge.  相似文献   

14.
Conditions for the induction of triploidy with cold shock of fertilized eggs of the spotted sand bass Paralabrax maculatofasciatus (Steindachner) were investigated. Different temperatures (12, 8 and 4 °C), timing of cold shock application (5, 10 and 15 min after fertilization) and duration of the shock (5, 10, 15 and 20 min) were tested. Triploidy was determined using flow cytometry at 12 h after larvae hatched. Triploids were produced only when the cold shock treatment was applied 5 min after fertilization. No significant difference was observed in the percentage of triploidy between temperature and the shock duration. At 8 and 4 °C, 100% triploidy was obtained at different durations of cold shock. Survival was significantly lower at 12 or 4 °C than at 8 °C. No significant difference was observed for shock duration at the temperature of 8 or 12 °C; however, at 4 °C, survival was significantly lower at longer durations. We recommend induction of triploidy by applying cold shock at 8 °C for a duration of 15–20 min starting at 5 min after fertilization, in the spotted sand bass.  相似文献   

15.
Triploidy was induced in the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus, L.) by applying cold shocks shortly after fertilization. The combined effects of the timing of cold shock commencement after fertilization, cold shock duration and cold shock temperature were investigated. Ploidy was assessed by counting the number of nucleoli per nucleus (NOR) in larvae and also by measuring erythrocyte size in juveniles. A clear peak in triploidy induction was obtained when shocks were started between 6 and 7 min after fertilization at a pre-shock temperature of 13–14°C. With this timing, shocks of 20-min duration at 0°C gave >90% triploidy, with survival about 80% of the untreated controls. In order to ensure both high triploidy rates and high survival, it was necessary to carefully maintain the water temperature just below 0°C. Experiments with small and large volumes of eggs were performed in order to determine how changes in the relative volumes of eggs and chilled water could affect survival and triploidy induction. The best combination to induce triploidy in the turbot was as follows: shock commencement 6.5 min after fertilization, shock duration 25 min, and shock temperature between 0 and −1°C. With this combination, 100% triploidy could consistently be induced with survival 60% of the untreated control. This was successfully applied to a large volume of eggs (300 ml; 1 ml 800 eggs) in order to mass-produce triploid turbot. Triploids had lower survival rate than diploids at hatching but similar thereafter, with the ability to complete the different stages of larval rearing, indicating the viability to produce triploid turbot under farming conditions.  相似文献   

16.
利用紫外线照射对七彩鲑(Salvelinus fontinalis)精子进行灭活处理,使其遗传物质失活,作为同源精子诱导源,与七彩鲑卵子进行受精,采用冷休克方法诱导雌核发育。结果表明:同源精子可以诱导七彩鲑的雌核发育,紫外照射强度为72 m J/cm2;距离为8 cm;冷休克温度为20℃。七彩鲑减数分裂雌核发育倍性测定以鸡(Gallus sp.)红细胞DNA含量(2.5 pg/N)为标准、七彩鲑普通育苗子一代为参照,采用流式细胞术和微卫星标记技术对30尾七彩鲑减数分裂雌核发育鱼苗进行分析,证明了雌核发育鱼苗为雌核发育二倍体。  相似文献   

17.
The bagrid catfish, Pseudobagrus ussuriensis, exhibits significant sexual dimorphism in growth rate and body size with males growing faster than females. Therefore, an all‐male culture can dramatically increase the output and profitability of fishery products. According to the monosex breeding route, super‐male individuals’ acquirement by XY male sex reversal and artificial gynogenesis is the key step. An effective protocol to induce meiotic gynogenesis using homologous sperms has been developed in this study. The most effective UV irradiation for sperm genetic inactivation was found to be at a distance of 20 cm with 66 μW/cm2 light intensity for 25 min. Optimal treatment for cold shock was 5 min post‐fertilization at 0‐4°C for 30 min, which gave the best survival rate of 13.65 ± 2.87%. The sex ratio in the meiotic gynogens showed a significant female‐biased deviation (p < .05); thirty meiogynogens and their parents were further analysed using a male‐specific AFLP marker, of which only the male parent produced a male‐specific DNA band of 412 bp. These results indicated the female homogametic XX/XY sex determination system in P. ussuriensis. The optimization of a protocol for the successful induction of meiogynogenesis in the bagrid catfish lays the basis for all‐male production and is useful in ascertaining the genetic sex determination system in this promising aquaculture species.  相似文献   

18.
Turbot Scophthalmus maximus exhibits sexually dimorphic growth, with females growing faster and reaching larger adult sizes than males. Thus, development of techniques for preferentially producing females is necessary to optimize production of these species. In this paper, gynogenetic diploids of turbot were induced by activating egg development with ultraviolet (UV)-irradiated left-eyed flounder Paralichthys olivaceus sperm combined with cold shock to prevent extrusion of the second polar body. The results of UV irradiation experiments showed that survival, motility, and duration of activity of P. olivaceus sperm generally decreased with increase in UV dose. The typical Hertwig’s effect was observed after fertilized turbot eggs with UV-irradiated P. olivaceus sperm and the optimal UV dose for gynogenetic haploid production was 36,000 erg mm−2. At 15°C, appropriate timing of cold shock for retention of the second polar body in turbot eggs was at 6 min after fertilization. Results of different combinations of two shock temperatures (1 or 3°C) and four shock durations (15, 25, 35 or 45 min) at 6 min after fertilization demonstrated that shock of 25 min at 1°C gave the highest production of diploid gynogens (39.58% relative to its diploid control). The results of this study reveal that the use of UV-irradiated P. olivaceus sperm for activation of turbot eggs and cold shock for polar body retention is an effective method to produce gynogenetic offspring.  相似文献   

19.
Thermal shock can disrupt meiosis II in fish oocytes, producing embryos with an extra set of maternal chromosomes from the second polar body; such shocks have been used to induce diploid gynogenesis or triploidy with varied success in different salmonid species. We investigated the effect of thermal shocks on the success of inducing diploid gynogenesis in chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) oocytes. Different times of initiation (8, 16, and 24 min post-activation) resulted in similar survival. A treatment duration of 20 min resulted in significantly higher gynogen survival to hatch compared to 5 or 15 min, and a 10-min duration resulted in the lowest mean survival. The effect of temperature on induced retention of the second polar body is unclear due to varied results dependent on the maternal egg source; however, the mean survival to hatch for 25°C treatment groups was significantly higher than the mean of 29°C groups.  相似文献   

20.
为探讨大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)和黄姑鱼(Nibea albiflora)精子的紫外辐射灭活适宜剂量及其激活大黄鱼卵子发育为胚胎的效果,以Ringer氏液为稀释液,按1:30稀释大黄鱼和黄姑鱼精子,采用自制紫外灭活装置[紫外辐射强度2200μW/(cm~2·s),紫外波长254 nm]对这2种鱼的精子进行紫外照射处理及活力测定,然后与正常大黄鱼卵子进行人工授精,授精后一部分卵未作冷休克处理,另一部分卵进行了冷休克处理(受精2 min 30 s,3℃海水,冷休克10 min),并进行了早期胚胎成活率和仔鱼孵化率的测定与比较。结果显示:1)大黄鱼和黄姑鱼精子的激活率与紫外照射处理时间呈负相关,精子的快速运动时间变化呈典型的Hertwig效应。2)未冷休克组中大黄鱼和黄姑鱼诱导的早期胚胎成活率与精子的紫外照射时间总体呈负相关,而仔鱼孵化率呈Hertwig效应。3)冷休克组中大黄鱼和黄姑鱼精子诱导的早期胚胎成活率和仔鱼孵化率随紫外照射时间的增加呈Hertwig效应,分别于2 min 20 s和1min 30 s时达相对峰值,此时,大黄鱼早期胚胎成活率和仔鱼孵化率分别为(38.3±4.3)%和(66.5±5.1)%,黄姑鱼早期胚胎成活率和仔鱼孵化率分别为(43.3±3.3)%和(67.7±6.3)%。分析认为,大黄鱼和黄姑鱼精子遗传失活的紫外辐射剂量分别以308 m J/cm~2和198 m J/cm~2为佳。本研究旨在为大黄鱼雌核发育技术的改进提供依据。  相似文献   

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