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正功能性添加剂指通过饲料添加、进入动物体内发挥一定生物学功能的添加剂。按物质属性可分为营养性添加剂和非营养性添加剂。功能性添加剂在化学本质上属于已知的营养物质,但这种营养物质已经超出传统营养的概念,所以它属于营养性添加剂。其他的属于非营养性添加剂;按物质功能分为生长调节剂,免疫调节剂,采食调节剂,代谢调节剂,畜产品品质调节剂,微生态调节剂。1生长调节剂主要是调控生长、改善生长、促进生长,或者是 相似文献
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牛蒡寡糖促进大菱鲆生长的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以从牛蒡根中提取的牛蒡寡糖作为鱼类饲料添加剂,探讨其对大菱鲆(Scophthalmusmaximus)生长的影响。经过不同剂量(0、1.0%、2.0%、5.0%)的4组饲养试验,分别从每组随机抽取鱼体,测定其生长指标和鱼体生化成分。结果表明,在饲养的各个阶段中试验组鱼的平均体重、体长均较对照组有不同程度地提高;养殖100d时,各试验组鱼的增重率、增长率和饲料转化率均明显高于对照组。对试验鱼全鱼体成分的分析表明:添加牛蒡寡糖的试验组大菱鲆鱼体水分、粗蛋白含量均比对照组有所提高,而粗脂肪、灰分含量比对照组降低较大幅度。说明饲料中添加牛蒡寡糖可显著促进鱼的生长,提高鱼对饲料的利用率,还能够有效地改善鱼体的营养成分和增强肌肉品质,其适宜添加量为2.0%。 相似文献
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合理地应用饲料添加剂，能够使畜禽健康快速生长，提高瘦肉率和饲料报酬，降低饲料成本，从而提高经济效益。按用途饲料添加剂可分为食欲增进和品质改良添加剂、生长促进添加剂、营养添加剂和饲料保护添加剂等。一、食欲增进和品质改良添加剂食欲增进添加剂常用的是谷氨酸钠，按O．l％添加于猪饲料中能显著提高食欲；另一种是香料，通常情况下，10O0kg饲料添加香料5009。品质改良添加剂目前国内应用的是“瘦肉多”，在猪的基础口粮中添加0．03％，能提高瘦肉率，增加饲料报酬，降低饲养成本。二、生长促进添加剂这类添加剂的种类繁多，有抗… 相似文献
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3种新型添加剂对大菱鲆蛋白质消化的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用3种新型添加剂对大菱鲆生长和蛋白质消化作用进行试验,结果表明,与对照组相比,添加剂组合组、β-葡聚糖组、低聚木糖组和胆汁酸组的蛋白质消化率分别提高3.6%、2.9%、3.7%(P<0.05)和1.5%(P>0.05);蛋白质消化量分别提高10.4%、9.9%、8.5%和3.0%(P>0.05);增重率分别提高15.4%、13.9%、12.4%(P<0.05)和7.4%(P>0.05);饲料系数分别降低6.9%、6.2%、5.4%(P<0.05)和3.8%(P>0.05)。说明在生长大菱鲆配合饲料中,3种添加剂组合添加后优势互补,达到最优的促消化和促生长效果;β-葡聚糖或低聚木糖单独添加,表现出优良的促消化和促生长作用;单独添加胆汁酸也有良好的效果。 相似文献
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饲料添加剂的概念起始于20世纪初期,基于动物营养理论和饲养研究发现,在饲料中添加少量的维生素和矿物质能够有效提高动物的采食量,提高饲料利用率,促进动物健康生长。近几年,随着生物技术的快速发展,饲料添加剂不再局限于微量营养素,逐渐扩展到酶制剂、生物添加剂、功能性寡糖、生物活性肽、核苷酸、甜菜碱、有机微量元素等新型饲料添加剂,这为饲料的配制研发提供了更多选择。 相似文献
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饲料添加剂是指为补充畜禽营养，防止饲料品质下降，提高饲料中营养成分的利用率，保持并增进健康，促进生长等而在配合饲料中添加的少量或者微量的营养或非营养成分。饲料添加剂是配合饲料的核心，其质与量直接影响畜禽的生产性能。饲料添加剂可以分为营养性和非营养性，营养性添加剂指用于补充饲料营养成分的少量或者微量物质，如氨基酸、维生素、矿物质和微量元素等；非营养性添加剂包括生长促进剂、驱虫保健剂、饲料保存剂和品质改善剂以及其他添加剂等。 相似文献
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农村养猪如何使用饲料添加剂周子祥（内蒙古赤峰市松山区大夫营子乡畜牧站０２４０４３）使用饲料添加剂的目的是使畜禽健康、快长，提高经济效益。按用途饲料添加剂可分为营养添加剂、生长促进添加剂、饲料保护添加剂、食欲增进和品质改良添加剂。１营养性添加剂包括氨基... 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献