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草坪与民生福祉息息相关,既能美化城市环境,又能保持水土,吸收二氧化碳,净化空气,调节气温,降低噪音,还可吸附其他植物过敏源,是普惠生态产品,也是衡量人民生活品质的重要指标,更是国家和城市文明的象征。基于草坪研发、生产、销售、养护和管理工作的草坪业,是第二次世界大战后在全球兴起的一门新兴产业,在西方国家已经发展成熟。中国草坪业起步较晚,并且伴随着城市化进程正在快速发展,但与发达国家相比,还有较大差距,存在许多短板。为加快草坪业绿色高质量发展,构建完善的草坪业发展体系。本文阐述了中国草坪业发展现状,梳理了草坪业发展的机遇与挑战,研究提出了草坪业发展对策,旨在为推动中国草坪业规范、健康、有序、平稳发展提供参考。 相似文献
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我国草种业发展现状与对策 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
从牧草种子和草坪草种子的生产、经营以及管理等主要方面对我国近年来草种业的发展状况及存在的问题进行了讨论 ,并提出几点建议和对策。 相似文献
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近10年中国草坪业发展现状 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着我国经济的快速发展和城市化进程的不断加速,国内草坪业在经历了起步、快速发展后逐渐进入全面发展的阶段.在不断的发展过程中,草坪业的内涵得到了极大的丰富,成为国民经济中新的增长点.本文首先界定了草坪业的概念,剖析了草坪业的构成；并从草坪建植体系、草坪产品体系、服务体系以及科研教育体系4个方面综述了近10年来中国草坪业的发展状况,分析10年间我国草坪业取得的成果和发展过程中存在的主要问题与不足,讨论了今后草坪业发展的重点,如:制定行业标准、加强行业管理、加强科研教育以及提高科技产出等. 相似文献
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对我国草坪业中存在的一些问题进行了综合分析,提出了我国草坪业的发展的几点建议.草坪业只有形成产业化才能发挥其经济、生态和社会效益,建议加强草坪科学教育建设,规范草坪业市场,引导其向健康方向发展. 相似文献
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草坪科学研究与草坪业发展几个问题的思考 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
提出了我国草坪科学研究、国际合作与交流 ,草坪业发展及草坪科学知识普及等方面现存的问题 ,为推动草坪科学与草坪业的发展明确了方向 相似文献
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构建独具中国特色草坪教育的研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
中国草坪教育正处于草坪业发展的昌盛时期,通过草坪与人类社会历史的渊源关系、产业对人才的需求、草坪对人类社会的贡献3个方面的论述,证明了草坪教育发展的必然性和紧迫性。提出了新世纪草坪教育的内涵与发展方向和与之相应的教育思想与体系,明确指出设立草坪专业的时机业已成熟。 相似文献
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我国草坪业若干问题探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对我国草坪业中存在的一些问题进行了综合分析 ,提出了我国草坪业的发展的几点建议。草坪业只有形成产业化才能发挥其经济、生态和社会效益 ,建议加强草坪科学教育建设 ,规范草坪业市场 ,引导其向健康方向发展 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献