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根据GenBank公布的大肠杆菌O157∶H7的Flic(H7)基因序列进行同源性比较分析,选择保守序列设计一对特异性扩增引物,通过优化反应条件,建立一个用于大肠杆菌O157∶H7快速定量检测的实时定量PCR方法。该方法的最低检测极限是103CFU/mL,敏感性比常规PCR提高10倍。方法重复性好、特异性强,重复性检测的变异系数均小于2%;只能检测大肠杆菌O157∶H7,对非大肠杆菌O157∶H7血清型细菌、猪链球菌2型、副猪嗜血杆菌无反应。利用此方法对模拟样本进行定量检测,其结果与平板细菌计数基本一致,表明此方法可作为大肠杆菌O157∶H7快速诊断和疫情监测的一种快速、准确、简便的检测工具。 相似文献
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为了研制一种快速、准确诊断大肠杆菌O157:H7的PCR方法,试验根据GenBank收录的大肠杆菌O157:H7全基因组序列,设计并合成了2对可扩增rfbE(O157)和Flic(H7)基因片段的特异性引物,建立双重PCR快速检测大肠杆菌O157:H7的方法,并研制出检测试剂盒。结果表明:该检测试剂盒对大肠杆菌O157:H7能特异性地扩增出rfbE和Flic基因的目的片段;对大肠杆菌O157:H30、O157:H9、O157:H25、O157:H19只能扩增出rfbE而不能扩增出Flic基因的目的片段;对大肠杆菌DH5α、猪链球菌2型和副猪嗜血杆菌没有扩增出任何目的片段;细菌DNA的最低检测极限是50 pg;在-20℃条件下保存1,3,6,9,12个月后,其敏感性都没有发生改变,均能检测到50 pg的大肠杆菌O157:H7DNA模板。 相似文献
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目的建立一种能同时检测沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌O157:H7的双重荧光PCR方法,应用于动物源性食品的快速检验。方法根据沙门氏菌invA基因和大肠杆菌O157:H7 RFBE基因的保守序列,设计引物和探针,通过优化反应条件,建立可同时检测沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌O157:H7的双重荧光PCR方法,应用于动物源性食品的检验,并与miniVIDAS快速初筛方法和SN标准方法进行比较。结果本研究建立的双重荧光PCR方法可同时快速检测沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌O157:H7,对纯菌的检测灵敏度均低于10CFU/双重荧光PCR反应体系。应用本方法检测36株标准/参考菌株,结果只有9株目的菌标准/参考菌株出现特异性扩增,其余27株非目的菌均呈阴性反应。定量检测重复性试验结果,批内和批间的变异系数均小于2%。应用本方法检测人工染菌样品,结果与miniVIDAS和SN方法检测结果一致,但检测时间比miniVIDAS快了3倍,比SN标准快了10多倍。结论本研究建立的双重荧光PCR方法具有快速、灵敏、特异、重复性好的优点,可在8小时内完成样品沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌O157:H7的检验。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2016,(10):13-21
根据Gen Bank公布的大肠杆菌O157:H7的菌体抗原基因rfb E、鞭毛抗原基因fli C、溶血素基因hly A、紧密黏附素基因eae A和志贺样毒素基因stx1和stx2的序列,同源性比较后选择保守序列分别设计6对特异性的引物及相应的Taqman探针,rfb E/eae A、Stx1/hly A、fli C/Stx2探针5'端分别标记为FAM、HEX、CY5荧光报告基团,3'端均标记为BHQ1荧光淬灭基团。通过优化反应体系和程序,建立2个能够快速、特异性地检测大肠杆菌O157:H7及其4个主要毒力基因的三重荧光定量PCR方法。结果显示,该方法灵敏度高,stx1、rfb E、fli C、eae A、hly A、stx2的最低检测限分别为20、30、20、20、30和40拷贝数/μL;特异性试验证明,该菌与其他菌种无交叉反应;重复性好,变异系数均小于2%;检测过程耗时约1 h。将建立的荧光定量PCR体系应用到人工染菌模拟猪肉样品试验中,未富集或富集8 h后测得大肠杆菌O157:H7的最低检出限分别为200 cfu/m L与1 cfu/m L。以上结果表明,本试验所建立的三重荧光定量PCR方法的敏感性、重复性及特异性均较好,可作为同时快速检测肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7及其毒力基因的方法。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2016,(8):73-76
根据肠出血性大肠杆菌(enterohemorrhagic E.coli,EHEC)O157∶H7的O抗原编码基因rfb E和H抗原编码基因fli C分别设计引物,建立双重PCR方法。饲料样品人工污染EHEC O157∶H7后进行增菌培养,利用双重PCR进行检测EHEC O157∶H7。结果表明:建立的PCR方法能够特异性扩增出目的条带,敏感性可达到100 cfu细菌。双重PCR方法可以有效地检测出饲料中人工污染的EHEC O157∶H7,人工污染饲料样品经4 h预增菌处理后,该方法的检测下限为20 cfu细菌。本研究建立的双重PCR方法可快速、特异地检测出饲料中污染的EHEC O157∶H7,可用于饲料中EHEC O157∶H7的检测及流行病学调查。 相似文献
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《福建畜牧兽医》2021,(3)
为了建立一种可快速特异检测生鲜肉中沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌O157:H7的多重实时荧光定量PCR方法,试验针对沙门氏菌invA基因、金黄色葡萄球菌nuc基因和大肠杆菌O157:H7 wzx基因的保守序列分别设计引物和Taqman探针,建立多重qPCR反应体系,进行特异性、灵敏度和重复性研究,用该方法检测30份生鲜肉中的3种食源性致病菌,并与国标法进行比较。结果表明:该方法只扩增3种靶细菌,对其它供试菌不扩增;金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门氏菌的检测灵敏度均为105拷贝数/μL,大肠杆菌O157:H7的检测灵敏度为10~4拷贝数/μL;该方法的重复性良好;对30份生鲜肉进行检测,检出3份沙门氏菌、4份金黄色葡萄球菌和7份大肠杆菌O157:H7,与国标检测方法相比,大肠杆菌O157:H7和金黄色葡萄球菌各有1份样品不符合,其它阳性样品完全一致。说明建立的基于Taqman探针的多重荧光定量PCR检测方法可以特异、快速地实现对生鲜肉中沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌O157:H7的检测。 相似文献
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应用测试片快速检测食品中的大肠杆菌O157：H7 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
目的应用大肠杆菌O157:H7测试片快速检测食品中的大肠杆菌O157:H7。方法对大肠杆菌O157:H7测试片的各项指标及影响因素进行测试,并将其应用于食品检测。结果大肠杆菌O157:H7测试片的检测灵敏度高,其对纯菌的检测低限可达3cfu/mL;特异性较强,与鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌等21种非目的菌无交叉反应;快速,24h内可报告阴性检测结果。应用该测试片检测各种食品206份,检测结果与SN标准的符合率达到98.5%。结论应用测试片检测食品中的大肠杆菌O157:H7具有快速、方便、经济、无需昂贵设备等优点。该测试片可适应于食品中大肠杆菌O157:H7的快速初筛。 相似文献
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应用多重PCR方法检测出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
选择O157：H7的产志贺样毒素基因stx1、stx2和β-葡糖醛酸糖苷酶基因(uidA)分别设计引物,在同一扩增体系中进行PCR反应。在优化好的多重PCR反应条件下,对菌株及其它肠道菌进行检测。试验结果为：O157：H7菌株在250,207,179bp处均出现特异条带。试验结果表明,选择3对引物的多重PCR方法可特异、快速而且灵敏地对大肠杆菌O157：H7进行检测。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献