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1.
《中国兽医学报》2014,(12):1883-1887
通过敲除痘苗病毒天坛株(vaccinia virus tiantan strain,VTT)复制非必需基因TA35R,结合双筛选标记及同源重组技术,构建TA35R基因缺失的VTT弱毒株rVTT-TA35R-。人工合成含有TA35R重组臂、同向loxp序列、早晚期启动子PE/L、EGFP及酶切位点的穿梭质粒pTA35R-EGFP。pTA35R-EGFP和野生型VTT共转染BHK-21细胞,通过绿色荧光蚀斑筛选,构建缺失TA35R基因且含FGFP基因的重组痘苗病毒rVTT-TA35R--EGFP+。采用Cre/Loxp系统敲除外源筛选标记EGFP,获得缺失TA35R基因的重组痘苗病毒rVTT-TA35R-,利用PCR方法和电子显微镜对其进行鉴定,通过MTT法检测细胞噬性以评价其减毒效果。结果表明,所构建的痘苗病毒弱毒株rVTT-TA35R-完全缺失了TA35R基因和外源筛选标记EGFP,且细胞毒性减弱。 相似文献
2.
为了构建表达辛德毕斯病毒E基因的重组痘苗病毒,本研究通过基因重组的方法将辛德毕斯病毒E基因及绿色荧光蛋白（enhanced green fluorescent protein,EGFP）基因分别连接至痘苗病毒转移载体pSTK,酶切鉴定得到阳性重组质粒pSTK-SINE-EGFP。采用脂质体转染的方法,将该重组质粒与痘苗病毒天坛株共转染BHK-21细胞,通过同源重组获得重组痘苗病毒。利用EGFP筛选阳性重组痘苗病毒vTTVV-SINE-EGFP,收集感染重组痘苗病毒的BHK-21细胞,SDS-PAGE电泳检测辛德毕斯病毒E基因在细胞中的表达情况,Western blot分析表达产物的免疫原性。结果证明辛德毕斯病毒E基因能在重组痘苗病毒vTTVV-SINE-EGFP中获得表达,且表达产物具有良好的免疫原性。表达辛德毕斯病毒E基因的重组痘苗病毒的成功构建,为研制辛德毕斯病毒活载体疫苗奠定了基础。 相似文献
3.
构建含黄热病毒E基因、汉坦病毒S基因、克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒M基因及炭疽杆菌POAX2基因的重组天坛株痘苗病毒。设计合成含外源筛选标记EGFP基因和4种拟插入外源基因的重组质粒,利用同源重组和荧光标记筛选技术并结合Cre/Loxp敲除系统,最终构建四联重组痘苗病毒。应用PCR对获得的重组痘苗病毒进行鉴定和遗传稳定性的检测,并在电子显微镜下观察其形态特征。构建含4种外源基因的重组痘苗病毒rVTT-C-4＋,该重组痘苗病毒在转录水平上具有良好的遗传稳定性,且于电镜下观察具备完整形态。成功构建四联重组天坛株痘苗病毒,为后续疫苗研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
4.
本研究旨在通过敲除部分与天坛株痘苗病毒(vaccinia virus Tiantan strain,VTT)毒力和宿主范围等相关的复制非必需基因,并结合双标记筛选及外源筛选标记敲除技术,构建多基因缺失VTT弱毒株。人工合成7对重组臂,结合痘病毒早晚期复合强启动子pE/L和外源筛选标记增强型绿色荧光蛋白(Enhance green fluorescent protein,EGFP),构建穿梭载体质粒pTC-EGFP、pTA35-EGFP、pTA66-EGFP、pTE-EGFP、pTB-EGFP、pTI-EGFP和pTJ-EGFP。将上述质粒依次与VTT或基因缺失VTT共转/感染BHK细胞,并通过同源重组和荧光蚀斑筛选方法,逐一敲除拟缺失基因片段(TC:TC7LTK2L;TA35:TA35L;TA66:TA66R;TE:TE3L;TB:TB13RTK2L;TA35:TA35L;TA66:TA66R;TE:TE3L;TB:TB13RTB14R;TI:TI4L;TJ:TJ2R)。利用Cre/Loxp系统实现对外源筛选标记的敲除,最终获得天坛株痘苗病毒基因缺失弱毒株TTVAC7,并运用PCR方法对TTVAC7进行鉴定和遗传稳定性检测。结果表明,本研究成功构建了缺失7个目的片段的天坛株痘苗病毒弱毒株TTVAC7,且该弱毒株具有良好的遗传稳定性。 相似文献
5.
《中国兽医学报》2020,(2)
根据GenBank中公布的猪伪狂犬病病毒(porcine pseudorabies virus,PRV)US区基因序列(KJ789182),设计2对特异性引物,扩增PRV NY株gE/gI基因两侧序列,克隆至pUC-19载体,构建转移质粒pUC-gE/gILR,同时插入绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)标记基因,构建转移质粒pUC-gE/gILRE,作为重组同源臂。以PRV NY流行株为亲本株,将其基因组与转移质粒pUC-gE/gILRE共转染ST细胞,通过筛选绿色荧光蚀斑,获得含有荧光蛋白的重组病毒rPRV NY-gE~-/gI~--EGFP~+。再以该毒株基因组与转移质粒pUC-gE/gILR进行同源重组,通过筛选无荧光蚀斑,纯化重组病毒,经PCR扩增、测序,证实获得了去除EGFP基因的重组病毒rPRV NY-gE~-/gI~-。该重组病毒在ST细胞上培养时,与亲本株PRV NY具有相似的生长曲线,但该重组病毒的体外生长动力学比亲本株弱。本研究成功构建了1株针对目前PRV流行株的gE/gI双基因缺失病毒,为我国根除PR提供技术支持。 相似文献
6.
将禽流感病毒H5N1亚型具有免疫原性的血凝素(HA)基因和神经氨酸酶(NA)基因,克隆于表达质粒Tmd-CMV-IRES-EGFP中,使其位于含细胞巨化病毒(CMV)早期启动子的调控下,并与增强型绿色荧光蛋白基因(EGFP)串联,将上述串联基因插入到火鸡疱疹病毒(HVT)基因的非必需区(US10)中,从而构建了带标记的重组转移质粒。将该转移载体质粒感染HVT的鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF),利用脂质体共同转染CEF,待病毒蚀斑出现后,利用蚀斑筛选带有绿色荧光的重组病毒蚀斑,数轮蚀斑纯化,经荧光和PCR初步鉴定获得了重组火鸡疱疹病毒。 相似文献
7.
为了研制出能够同时预防猪流行性腹泻病毒(porcine epidemic diarrhea virus,PEDV)和猪伪狂犬病病毒(pseudorabies virus,PRV)感染的二联活疫苗,本研究将增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)和PEDV中国变异株的纤突蛋白免疫决定簇区域(S1)基因分别克隆至含有PRV胸苷激酶(TK)基因上、下游同源臂的穿梭载体pTK中,构建重组PRV转移质粒pTK-EGFP和pTK-S1。将重组质粒pTK-EGFP与PRV疫苗毒株Bartha-K61基因组DNA共转染Vero细胞,经绿色荧光蚀斑纯化得到重组病毒rPRV-EGFP。随后将重组质粒pTK-S1与rPRV-EGFP基因组DNA共转染Vero细胞,通过反向筛选EGFP阴性蚀斑,蚀斑纯化得到表达PEDV S蛋白的重组伪狂犬病病毒rPRV-S1。本研究将为更有效防控猪伪狂犬病和猪流行性腹泻提供辅助工具。 相似文献
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10.
《中国兽医学报》2016,(7)
构建含有埃博拉出血热病毒(Ebola hemorrhagic fever virus,EHFV)小片段分泌蛋白S基因、马尔堡出血热病毒(Marburg hemorrhagic fever virus,MHFV)GP基因、辛诺柏病毒(Sin Nombre virus,SNV)G2糖蛋白基因及非洲欧尼恩病毒(Africa O’nyong nyong virus,O’NNV)E2蛋白基因的重组痘苗病毒。设计含EGFP筛选标记和4种外源基因的穿梭质粒,并利用同源重组技术、荧光筛选技术和Cre/LoxP敲除系统,最终获得四联重组痘苗病毒。使用PCR方法鉴定重组痘苗病毒及其遗传稳定性;用透射电镜观察病毒形态。结果显示:所构建的多联重组痘苗病毒rVTT-J~-4~+具有良好的遗传稳定性,并且具备痘苗病毒的完整形态。结果表明:成功构建了含有4种外源基因的重组痘苗病毒rVTT-J~-4~+,为后续多联疫苗的研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
13.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
14.
Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
15.
B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
16.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
17.
Troxel MT Vite CH Van Winkle TJ Newton AL Tiches D Dayrell-Hart B Kapatkin AS Shofer FS Steinberg SA 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):850-859
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma. 相似文献
18.
Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
19.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
20.
Bazin H 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2003,26(5-6):293-308
Infectious diseases have always been a terrible scourge for humans. The appearance of these plagues, as they were called without distinction, was generally connected to various conditions: asters, climatic changes or religious reasons. The concept of contagious, and then infectious, diseases came slowly. Variolation, i.e. transmission of ‘virulent’ matter to induce a natural disease and the immunity against it, was brought from Constantinople to England by Lady Montague, in 1721. This ‘variolation’ technique was also often performed in veterinary medicine against diseases like sheep-pox or pleuropneumonia. As ‘vaccination’ is the term generally accepted for ‘immunisation’, variolation can be the word designating such a technique. The second period of the history of immunisation began, in 1880, with the studies of Pasteur and his collaborators. A great number of bacterial vaccines were developed: dead, live but attenuated or only parts of pathogens. The viruses were produced in animals, then in eggs and at last, in tissue cultures. Second generation vaccines appeared with genetic engineering: recombinant vaccines, vector vaccines, nucleic acids vaccines, and markers vaccines, among others. These novel technologies can permit the development of new ones and improve the quality of the vaccines already existing. 相似文献