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1.
为了研究白细胞介素-18(IL-18)的活性和功能，将犬脾细胞经ConA诱导，用TRIzol裂解，提取总RNA，通过反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)扩增出犬IL-18的cDNA，然后连接到pMD18-T载体上，转化DH5a感受态细胞，获得阳性重组质粒。核苷酸序列结果表明，我们得到了长686bp的基因，含有一个582bp的开放阅读框架，编码193个氨基酸。与已知犬序列同源性可高达99．6％，与已知猪序列的同源性为89．8％，所克隆基因为今后进一步研究IL-18基因的功能奠定了基础。  相似文献   

2.
为了获得高纯度的白细胞介素-4（IL-4）蛋白,对分离得到的水貂外周血淋巴细胞经植物血凝素（PHA）诱导后,提取淋巴细胞总RNA,根据GenBank中登录的雪貂IL-4基因序列,设计并合成特异性引物,通过RT-PCR扩增获得了水貂IL-4基因序列全长399 bp,编码132个氨基酸,与雪貂氨基酸序列同源性高达99.2%,与熊猫、犬同源性均为90.0%。将编码成熟蛋白基因构建到原核表达载体pProEX-HTb,IPTG诱导后,SDS-PAGE及Western blotting结果显示,IL-4表达产物为15 ku的包涵体蛋白。通过His-Trap HP亲和层析预装柱变性、复性洗脱可获得高纯度的重组IL-4蛋白。本试验为水貂IL-4基因的进一步研究奠定了基础。  相似文献   

3.
C型产气荚膜梭菌肠毒素基因的克隆与序列分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
研究参照国外发表的产气荚膜梭菌肠毒素全基因序列设计合成1对特异性引物,采用PCR技术对C型产气荚膜梭菌贵州分离株（CP2株）肠毒素基因进行扩增,将扩增产物连接到pMD18-T载体,并转化至大肠杆菌DH5α感受态细胞,提取质粒进行PCR和双酶切鉴定后测序。结果：获得的基因序列全长960bp,编码319个氨基酸。同源性分析结果表明贵州分离株CP2株与产气荚膜梭菌参考株肠毒素基因序列的核苷酸同源性为99．4％99．8％,推导氨基酸同源性为99．1％～99．7％。  相似文献   

4.
为研究犬白细胞介素18(IL-18)的生物学功能,从犬外周血中分离白细胞,经Con A刺激后,提取总RNA,通过反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)扩增犬IL-18基因,连接pMD19-T simple vector,转化DH5α感受态细胞,经双酶切鉴定,获得阳性重组质粒后进行序列分析。结果表明,获得的犬IL-18基因全长为582bp,编码氨基酸194个。将犬与GenBank中牛、猫、羊、猪、鼠、兔、狐、貉IL-18基因进行同源性比较,发现犬IL-18与红狐和貉IL-18的同源性最高,氨基酸序列同源性分别达96.4%、91.2%,与其他物种则存在较大种属差异。  相似文献   

5.
克隆牦牛白细胞介素-4（IL～4）基因,并对其进行遗传演化分析。从刀豆素（ConA）和脂多糖（LPS）联合刺激培养的牦牛外周血淋巴细胞提取总RNA．利用RT—PCR方法扩增牦牛IL-4全长cDNA,将其克隆到pMD18～T载体上,测序后进行序列分析。成功克隆到牦牛IL-4基因全序列,序列分析表明,克隆的牦牛IL-4基因序列与GenBank所登录的牛IL-4核苷酸序列及推导的氨基酸序列的同源性分别这99．8％和100％,与人、猕猴、猪、山羊、马等物种的核苷酸及其推导氨基酸序列的同源性分别在44．4％～96．3％和27．4％～91．1％之间。在国内首次成功地从牦牛外周血淋巴细胞中克隆到IL-4的基因,其ORF为408bp,推导编码135个氨基酸。  相似文献   

6.
根据GenBank中鸡白细胞介素18（inteleukin 18,IL-18）和粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor,GM-CSF）基因序列,克隆白来杭鸡IL-18和GM-CSF基因并进行序列分析。结果显示：白来杭鸡IL-18基因开放阅读框为597 bp,编码199个氨基酸,所获得的白来杭鸡IL-18基因与GenBank鸡IL-18的核苷酸同源性为99.0%～99.8%,氨基酸同源性为97.5%～99.5%。白来杭鸡GM-CSF基因开放阅读框为435 bp,编码145个氨基酸,所获得的白来杭鸡GM-CSF基因与GenBank鸡GM-CSF的核苷酸同源性为99.3%～100%,氨基酸同源性为99.3%-100%。IL-18与GM-CSF基因编码的蛋白具有亲水性,都有很强的抗原性。IL-18共有2个潜在的N-糖基化位点,可能存在4个蛋白激酶C磷酸化位点及3个酪蛋白激酶Ⅱ磷酸化位点。GM-CSF共有1个潜在的N-糖基化位点,可能存在1个蛋白激酶C磷酸化位点及4个酪蛋白激酶Ⅱ磷酸化位点。本研究结果为进一步研究鸡IL-18、GM-CSF基因表达、生物学活性和应用奠定了基础。  相似文献   

7.
根据已报道的哺乳动物朊蛋白基因序列设计了1对引物，采用PCR方法扩增了16只非洲狮的朊蛋白基因，序列分析结果表明，所得到的非洲狮朊蛋白基因片段长678bp、编码226个氨基酸的前体蛋白，其核苷酸序列的同源性为99．79％以上，发现了4个核苷酸多态性位点，无氨基酸变异。经与已报道的猫、貂、绵羊、牛、鼠和犬等哺乳动物的氨基酸序列进行比较，与猫（AF003087，96．7％）和绵羊（96．2％）的氨基酸同源性最高。  相似文献   

8.
根据狂犬病毒糖蛋白核苷酸序列,利用Oliga软件设计两对特异性引物,通过反转录-聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）扩增了狂犬病毒Flury-lep糖蛋白的全长cDNA,将其插入克隆载体pMD-18T并测序。测序结果及同源性分析表明,糖蛋白cDNA长1574bp,编码524个氨基酸。狂犬病毒株Flury-lep的RGP基因序列与GenBank公布的狂犬病毒株RGP基因片段核苷酸序列的同源性为82．3％～96．3％,其编码产物的氨基酸序列同源性为88．4％～94．3％。  相似文献   

9.
犬贾第虫病毒(长春株)全基因组序列分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
根据已报道的人源蓝氏贾第虫病毒序列设计了互相重叠的6对特异性引物，以犬贾第虫（长春株）纯培养滋养体总核酸为模板进行RT—PCR。PCR产物连接到pMD18-T载体进行测序，通过BLAST在GenBank进行同源性搜索，并用DNAMAN分子生物学软件进行分析。结果测得我国犬贾第虫病毒（长春株）基因组全长为6276bp（DQ238861），编码1个有887个氨基酸残基的衣壳蛋白和1056个氨基酸残基的融合蛋白，这2个阅读框被-1核糖体移码框分开，重叠处有220nt。基因组中G＋C占49．62％。其序列与国外报道的人源蓝氏贾第虫病毒（L13218）序列同源性为94．62％，编码的氨基酸同源性为93．50％；与国内人源蓝氏贾第虫病毒（AF525216）序列同源性为98．88％，编码的氨基酸同源性为98．30％。  相似文献   

10.
根据已报道的哺乳动物朊病毒基因序列设计引物，采用PCR方法扩增了25只东北虎的朊病毒基因，克隆、测序及序列分析表明，所得到的东北虎朊病毒基因片段为402bp，编码134个氨基酸的前体蛋白，核苷酸序列同源性为99．67％。共发现了4个核苷酸多态性（T423C，A501G，C511A，A610G），其中C511A和A610G的碱基突变导致K171Q和A204T氨基酸的变异。与已报道的猫、貂、绵羊、鼠和犬等哺乳动物的氨基酸序列比较，结果与猫（AF003087，97．3％）和绵羊（97．3％）的氨基酸同源性最高。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

15.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

16.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

17.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

18.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

19.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

20.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
  相似文献   

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