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李清艳 《河南畜牧兽医(综合版)》2004,25(6):9-10
仔猪大肠杆菌性腹泻主要是由产肠毒素性大肠杆菌(EnterotoxigenicEscherichiacoil,ETEC)引起的仔猪的一种常见病,严重影响养猪业的发展。目前对该病的防治除加强综合性预防措施以外,生产上多采用ETEC的多价疫苗和基因工程苗免疫母猪,通过提高初乳中的抗体水平,来预防哺乳仔猪产肠毒素大肠杆菌性腹泻。然而母乳中的抗体保护作用是有限的和暂时的,在断奶后短期内将消失。应用高免血清治疗该病也是一种极为有效的方法,但血清价格昂贵,且易导致过敏反应。因此应用抗ETEC卵黄抗体治疗和预防新生和断奶仔猪腹泻的研究在国内外一直倍受瞩目。… 相似文献
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仔猪大肠杆菌性腹泻是由产肠毒素大肠杆菌(ETEC)引起的哺乳仔猪急性肠道传染病,现已证实,ETEC的粘附因子和肠毒素是使新生仔猪腹泻的关键因素,粘附因子(主要有K_(88)、K_(90)、987P、F_(41))可引起机体免疫应答反应,用粘附因子苗免疫妊娠后期母猪可提高乳汁中抗粘附因子抗体,仔猪通过吮乳获得这些抗体,可有效地抑制ETEC的粘附因子与小肠上皮的结合,使ETEC不能在小肠上皮 相似文献
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卵黄抗体被动免疫防治仔猪产肠毒素大肠杆菌性腹泻 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
用ETECK88+菌株C83907对120日龄待开产蛋鸡进行免疫,获得高免卵黄抗体粉。选用3日龄和21日龄的杜×长×大三元杂交早期断奶仔猪,人工感染C83907大肠杆菌,口服含抗产肠毒素大肠杆菌抗体的卵黄粉进行被动免疫。结果显示,3日龄仔猪服用抗ETEC卵黄抗体粉后,72h腹泻停止,而服用普通蛋黄粉组却仍然腹泻并且有66.7%的死亡率;服用抗ETEC卵黄抗体粉的21日龄仔猪仅有短暂腹泻现象,存活率100%,试验期间总体质量有所增加,而对照组表现严重腹泻伴有脱水现象,试验期间有部分猪只死亡;临床应用表明,喂以3g和5g抗ETEC卵黄粉组的治愈率与抗生素治疗组相当。研究结果表明,卵黄抗体对早期断奶仔猪有一定的促进生长和防止腹泻的效果。 相似文献
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鸡卵黄抗体在防治仔猪大肠杆菌性腹泻中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
仔猪大肠杆菌性腹泻病的致病过程主要与产肠毒素型大肠杆菌菌毛介导的粘附作用和产肠毒素密切相关，用禽菌毛抗原免疫产蛋母鸡制备卵黄抗体，在初生仔猪和断奶仔猪的人工感染实验中，口服卵黄抗体能降低腹泻程度和仔猪的死亡率；在商业性猪场的实验表明，卵黄抗体能降低提前断奶仔猪的腹泻发生率，并且有利于仔猪的增重，鸡卵黄抗体是仔猪大肠杆菌性腹泻病的一种新的防治方法，本文就国内外鸡卵黄抗体防治仔猪大肠杆菌腹泻的研究概况作了简要介绍。 相似文献
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新生仔猪腹泻是引起刚出生仔猪死亡的常见原因,也是养猪场较难控制的疾病之一,引起新生仔猪腹泻的原因很多,而由产肠毒素大肠杆菌（ETEC）所引起的新生仔猪大肠杆菌病（也称仔猪黄、白痢）是最为常见的腹泻病之一,给养猪业造成极大危害和经济损失。仔猪黄痢又称早发性大肠杆菌病, 相似文献
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新生仔猪腹泻是引起刚出生仔猪死亡的常见原因，也是养猪场较难控制的疾病之一，引起新生仔猪腹泻的原因很多，而由产肠毒素大肠杆菌（ETEC）所引起的新生仔猪大肠杆菌病（也称仔猪黄、白痢）是最为常见的腹泻病之一，给养猪业造成极大危害和经济损失。仔猪黄痢又称早发性大肠杆菌病， 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献