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1.
应用针对沙门氏菌 O_9抗原的单抗3-47-26酶结合物和鸡白痢沙门氏菌脂多糖抗原建立了一种单抗竞争 ELISA试验,以检测鸡白痢抗体.试验结果表明,79份鸡白痢阳性血清具有显著抑制作用,而130份鸡白痢阴性血清以及48份 SPF 鸡血清抑制不明显.对94份种鸡血清的检疫结果表明,单抗竞争 ELISA 比 PAT、AGPD、PHA 特异性好、敏感性高,文中进一步讨论了该法的应用前景.  相似文献   

2.
酶标单抗阻断ELISA检测鸡白痢和鸡伤寒抗体   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
以辣根过氧化物酶标记的沙门氏菌O9单抗3-47-0与包被的鸡白痢沙门氏菌脂多糖抗原建立了一种抗体阻断EL ISA以检测鸡白痢和鸡伤寒沙门氏菌感染。该方法基于待检血清样品抑制酶标单抗与脂多糖的结合,以检测鸡白痢和鸡伤寒特异性抗体。对72份已知鸡白痢阳性血清(抑制率为(98.5±4.0)%)、54份已知鸡白痢阴性血清(抑制率为(15.3±8.0)%)、42份SPF鸡血清(抑制率为(0.8±7.2)%)检测的结果表明,该方法具有很强的区分能力。在人工感染试验中,从第2周开始,该方法能从全部鸡只中检测到特异性抗体,比全血玻板凝集试验(PAT)早1周时间。对344份种鸡血清的检测结果表明,单抗阻断EL ISA比PAT特异性好、敏感性高。另外,该方法也能检测出与鸡白痢和鸡伤寒沙门氏菌有共同抗原的沙门氏菌感染产生的抗体。  相似文献   

3.
将鸡伤寒沙门氏菌LPS抗原包被于渗滤盒检测区（T区），针对沙门氏菌O9抗原单克隆抗体3-47-0包被在质控区（C区），用胶体金标记鸡伤寒沙门氏菌LPS抗原，建立了一种抗原夹心法快速检测鸡白痢、鸡伤寒沙门氏菌抗体的斑点免疫金渗滤法（DIGFA）。DIGFA比玻板凝集试验（PAT）灵敏度高，人工感染鸡试验表明在感染后第7d即可从32只鸡中的7只检测到抗体，在时间上早于PAT。722份现场血清样品的检疫结果表明，DIGFA的阳性检出率稍高于PAT，阳性样品抗体几何平均滴度DIGFA大于PAT法（P〈0．05）。DIGFA的结果得到细菌分离试验的验证。这些结果表明DIGFA快速、灵敏、准确，为鸡伤寒和鸡白痢的检疫提供了一个新的有效手段。  相似文献   

4.
单抗竞争ELISA检测猪沙门氏菌感染方法的建立与应用   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
以猪霍乱沙门氏菌作为包被抗原 ,利用沙门氏菌O7单克隆抗体酶结合物建立了竞争ELISA方法检测猪霍乱沙门氏菌抗体。经过研究确定抗原包被浓度为 2×1 0 8CFU/ml,血清检测稀释度为 1∶1 6,酶标抗体浓度为 1∶70 0 ,包被液为碳酸盐缓冲液 ( 0 .0 5MpH9.6)。应用单抗竞争ELISA和平板凝集试验 (PAT)同时对 5 0 6份血清进行猪霍乱抗体检测 ,PAT的检出率为 3 .60 % ,ELISA检出率为 5 .75 % ,两者符合率达 96.4%。试验结果表明 ,ELISA方法敏感性高 ,特异性强 ,稳定性和重复性好 ,操作简便。本方法的建立在猪群沙门氏菌感染的检疫、实验室诊断的标准化及流行病学调查方面具有应用价值。  相似文献   

5.
从郑州某鸡场死亡雏鸡的肝脏、脾脏和肾脏中分离纯化细茵,通过致病性试验、生化试验,并结合临床症状、病理变化和培养特性鉴定为鸡白痢沙门氏菌.经传代分离株、培养细菌、收集细菌、灭活细菌、浓缩抗原、调整抗原浓度、无菌检查及染色制备鸡白痢沙门氏菌平板凝集抗原,建立了检测鸡白痢血清抗体的微量平板凝集法.该方法具有特异性强、操作简便快速的优点.  相似文献   

6.
应用标准型C79-1和C79-7鸡白痢鸡伤寒沙门氏菌标准株,制备了鸡白痢鸡伤寒平板凝集试验染色诊断抗原。该抗原特异性强,与鸡新城疫、鸡传染性鼻炎、鸡支原体等9种鸡血清无交叉反应,敏感性高,稳定性好,4℃保存36个月,检测效果不变,应用此抗原检测鸡白痢鸡伤寒沙门氏菌抗体,检测快速,操作简便,适于大规模临床样品检测。  相似文献   

7.
从郑州某鸡场死亡雏鸡的肝脏、脾脏和肾脏中分离纯化细菌，通过致病性试验、生化试验，并结合临床症状、病理变化和培养特性鉴定为鸡白痢沙门氏菌。经传代分离株、培养细菌、收集细菌、灭活细菌、浓缩抗原、调整抗原浓度、无菌检查及染色制备鸡白痢沙门氏菌平板凝集抗原，建立了检测鸡白痢血清抗体的微量平板凝集法。该方法具有特异性强、操作简便快速的优点。  相似文献   

8.
为比较不同方法检测鸡白痢沙门氏菌抗体消长的规律,以便为种鸡场净化提供科学指导,本研究以鸡白痢沙门氏菌活菌和灭活免疫原分别接种SPF鸡,采用平板凝集、微量凝集和ELISA试验定期检测血清中的特异性抗体,并以Kappa检验判定不同检测方法之间的一致性程度。结果显示,平板凝集试验在接种后检出抗体阳转的时间早于ELISA,但ELISA检出抗体阳性的持续时间更长,且更符合抗体消长规律;3种检测方法的结果之间仅具有微弱一致性(Kappa系数为0.002~0.295)。本研究结果表明,不同鸡白痢沙门氏菌抗体检测方法之间存在较大差异,但从总体来看,ELISA无假阳性干扰,检出抗体的持续时间较长,更符合抗体消长规律,在单一鸡白痢沙门氏菌感染的情况下,更有利于种鸡场对该病进行净化。  相似文献   

9.
应用标准型C79-1和C79-7鸡白痢鸡伤寒沙门氏菌标准株,制备了鸡白痢鸡伤寒平板凝集试验染色诊断抗原。该抗原特异性强,与鸡新城疫、鸡传染性鼻炎及鸡支原体等9种鸡血清无交叉反应,敏感性高,稳定性好,4℃保存36个月,检测效果不变,应用此抗原进行平板凝集反应检测鸡白痢鸡伤寒沙门氏菌抗体,操作简便,检测快速,适于普及。  相似文献   

10.
我国鸡白痢沙门氏菌的血清学分型   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
鸡白痢沙门氏菌是肠杆菌科沙门氏菌属中的一个成员，按照Ｋａｕｆｍａｎｎ－Ｗｈｉｔｅ体系，鸡白痢沙门氏菌属于Ｄ血清群，其抗原结构式为１，９，１２：－：－。Ｙｏｕｎｉｅ（１９４１）首次发现用通常的标准抗原对正在流行鸡白痢的鸡群采用标准凝集试验检疫时呈阴性；...  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

15.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

16.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

17.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

18.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

19.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

20.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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