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多肽类抗生素饲料添加剂--安来霉素 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
安来霉素 ( Enramycin) ,又名恩来霉素、恩霉素。它是由先灵保雅动物保健品公司 ( ScheringPlough Animal Health Corp.)生产的一种多肽类抗生素 ,由微生物发酵产生。安来霉素在 2 0世纪 60年代首次由日本武田公司研究所开发生产 ,并因其强大的杀菌作用而被命名为 Enduracidin,之后世界卫生组织 ( WHO)确定其通用名为安来霉素。 1 973年日本正式批准该药为抗生素饲料添加剂并应用至今。 1 993年日本武田药品工业株式会社向中国农业部申请登记注册该药。作为一种全新的多肽类抗生素饲料添加剂 ,安来霉素具有以下优点 :( 1 )在饲料中具有… 相似文献
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《饲料与畜牧》2016,(10)
为了研究在植物蛋白代替鱼粉的饲料中添加水产DL-蛋氨酸对异育银鲫幼鱼生长的影响,进行了为期10周的试验。本试验共设置12组等氮等能饲料,其中Diet1、Diet2为高鱼粉饲料(15%鱼粉);Diet1为正对照组1,是正常的商业饲料;Diet2为正对照组2,是在商业饲料中补充了必需氨基酸以保持氨基酸平衡。另外10组(Diet3-12)为低鱼粉饲料(5%鱼粉),水产DL-蛋氨酸添加量分别为0%、0.05%、0.08%、0.1%、0.13%、0.15%、0.18%、0.2%、0.25%、0.3%。每组饲料随机3个重复,每天投喂4次。试验结果表明,在低鱼粉饲料中添加水产DL-蛋氨酸(Diet4-12)能够显著改善异育银鲫的生长性能,甚至与高鱼粉组Diet1相比无显著差异;高鱼粉饲料中添加DL-蛋氨酸(Diet2)也改善了异育银鲫的生长性能,但与Diet1相比,差异不显著。此外,异育银鲫摄食低鱼粉饲料(5%)时,其血浆天冬氨酸转氨酶,白蛋白和氨的含量都受饲料中蛋氨酸含量变化的影响。根据二次回归分析,当饲料胱氨酸含量为0.52%时,获得最佳生长性能的蛋氨酸的需要量为0.71%。在低鱼粉饲料(5%)中,通过补充外源必需氨基酸(水产DL-蛋氨酸、赖氨酸及苏氨酸)使氨基酸保持平衡,能够获得高鱼粉饲料(15%)相当的生长性能。因此,在异育银鲫饲料中,通过添加水产DL-蛋氨酸等晶体氨基酸,能有效降低鱼粉用量并不影响其生长性能,且具有更好的经济效益。 相似文献
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本研究应用4因子3水平L9(34)正交组合设计,采用常规原料配制基础饲料,设计了4种维生素9种组合的配合饲料,进行了50天的室内人工养殖试验,研究了异育银鲫人工配合饲料中VB2、VB6、烟酸(VB5)和泛酸(VB3)的添补量。结果表明:异育银鲫对VB2、VB6和泛酸等维生素的添加量分别为:VB218mg/kg、VB65mg/kg、泛酸30mg/kg,烟酸可以不添加。对异育银鲫生长影响最大的因素是VB6、泛酸,其次是VB2、烟酸。当饲料中VB2、VB6、烟酸和泛酸搭配合理,可以提高异育银鲫的生长和对饲料的利用率。另外,饲料中VB2、VB6、烟酸和泛酸4种维生素的添加改善了异育银鲫的品质,并提高了其可食比例。 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2017,(8):4-8
分别在高鱼粉(12%,HFM)和低鱼粉(6%,LFM)饲料配方基础上,添加不同水平面包酵母提取物(Yeast Extract,YE),研究其对异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)摄食率和摄食选择性的影响。每种基础饲料中分别添加0.5%和1.0%YE(HYE-0.5、HYE-1.0、LYE-0.5、LYE-1.0),此外各设一组添加0.05%甜菜碱作为正对照(HB和LB),共8组饲料,每组4种饲料中分别添加Y2O3、Yb2O3、La2O3、Nd2O3作为惰性标物,用于测定摄食选择性。依据不同基础饲料,试验分为2组,每组4个重复,每个重复30尾鱼,共进行2周短期有效性试验。第1周,每组分别饲喂不添加诱食剂的HFM和LFM饲料;第2周,各组分别将4种饲料等量混合过量饲喂,统计摄食量,并收集最后3 d的粪便,检测粪便中4种稀土标物的含量。HFM组中,异育银鲫对添加0.05%甜菜碱饲料的偏好选择性与基础组差异不显著(P0.05),异育银鲫偏好选择添加酵母提取物的饲料,且随添加量的增加,选择性显著提高(P0.05)。LFM组中,异育银鲫显著倾向选择LYE-1.0组饲料(P0.05),LB组与LYE-0.5组差异不显著(P0.05)。 相似文献
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马杜拉霉素属于聚醚类抗生素药物,专用于治疗肉鸡的球虫病,用法为每t饲料中加拌5009,超过这个剂量则易弓愧鸡的中毒。现在有些饲料生产厂家在饲料中已经添加了微量的马杜拉霉素,而用户在未查明的情况下往往造成重复用药,则易引起事故、所以用户在使用添加马杜拉霉素的饲料时,一定要查明购进的饲料中是否已经添加了马杜拉霉素,严格控制添加剂量。用薄层色谱法能准确、快速地鉴别饲料中是否添加了马杜拉霉素。实验材料样品为添加马杜拉霉素的饲料,对照样品为马杜拉霉素（中国兽药监察所提供）,阴性对照为不添加马杜拉霉素的饲料。自… 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献