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试验旨在研究哺乳期补饲代乳品对仔猪生长性能、营养物质消化率及血清生化指标的影响,并探讨代乳品对缩短仔猪断奶日龄的可行性。选用120头（12窝）5日龄、平均体重（3.12±0.63）kg的仔猪,随机分为两组,每组60头（6窝,每窝为1个重复）。对照组补饲教槽料至28日龄断奶;试验组补饲代乳品和教槽料（代乳品：教槽料=1：1）至21日龄断奶,断奶后继续饲喂代乳品和教槽料至28日龄;28日龄后试验组和对照组饲喂相同日粮至70日龄。结果显示：①整个试验期,两组仔猪在5、21、28和70日龄时体重差异均不显著（P>0.05）;在5~21、22~28和5~28日龄阶段,试验组仔猪平均日采食量（ADFI）和料重比（F/G）均极显著或显著高于对照组（P < 0.01;P < 0.05）;而在22~28日龄阶段,试验组平均日增重（ADG）极显著低于对照组（P<0.01）。②试验组仔猪保育期的日粮总能（GE）、干物质（DM）、有机物（OM）和粗脂肪（EE）的消化率均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。③在70日龄时,两组仔猪各项血清生化指标均无显著差异（P>0.05）。结果提示,补饲代乳品可显著增加哺乳期仔猪的采食量,同时促进保育期仔猪对日粮中营养物质的消化吸收。从保育期末体重来看,哺乳期补饲代乳品的仔猪提前至21日龄断奶是可行的。 相似文献
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为尽量降低早期断奶仔猪的应激反应,缩短断奶后生长抑制期,试验选用长大和大长杂种仔猪10窝(其中大长6窝,长大4窝),遵循各杂交组合平均分配原则,按窝随机分成2组,即试验组和对照组,每组5窝,每窝10头,试验组在7～21日龄采用人工强制补饲措施,对照组自由采食,其他阶段两组饲养管理相同,仔猪28日龄断奶。试验从仔猪初生开始至70日龄结束。结果,试验组仔猪到断奶时采食饲粮总量达600.6g,极显著高于自由采食的对照组(202.6g),断奶体重相应为6.58和6.07k(gP<0.01);断奶后一周生长抑制期内,试验组日采食量仍达到174.8g,是对照组的2.1倍,日增重108.51g,是对照组的11.3倍;整个试验期试验组平均日增重和饲料报酬都显著高于对照组(P<0.01和P<0.05)。将仔猪作为商品猪出售,试验组每头的毛利润高于对照组17.07元。 相似文献
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为了研究仔猪哺乳期补饲藻粉对其生长性能的影响,选取15日龄哺乳仔猪(杜×长×大)5窝(每窝10头),随机分为5组(每组5个重复,每个重复2头),其中:对照组不补饲,试验组藻粉补饲水平分别为1,2,4和8 g/d,试验期14 d。结果:哺乳仔猪补饲2 g/d藻粉与对照组相比,1528日龄和2828日龄和2835日龄的平均日增重都显著提高(P<0.05),断奶后腹泻率显著降低(P<0.05);仔猪35日龄的小肠器官指数显著提高(P<0.05),而35日龄的大肠器官指数显著降低(P<0.05);仔猪28日龄的空肠和回肠绒毛长度以及35日龄的十二指肠、空肠和回肠绒毛长度都有显著提高(P<0.05);仔猪35日龄的盲肠大肠杆菌数显著降低(P<0.05)。由此可见,哺乳期15 d开始补饲2 g/d藻粉,保护了小肠绒毛,并提高了仔猪哺乳期及断奶期的生长性能,降低了仔猪断奶后的腹泻率。 相似文献
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强制补饲对早期断奶仔猪生长发育的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
试验选用二元杂交仔猪10窝,随机分为2组,试验组在7~21日龄期采用人工强制补饲+自由采食,对照组自由采食。结果至28日龄断奶时,试验组每头仔猪可食入饲料600.6 g,显著高于对照组(202.6 g/头,P<0.01));断奶体重相应为6.58和6.07(P<0.01),5周龄,体重相差幅度接近20%,一直到试验结束,差异仍显著(P<0.01);仔猪的日增重:3周龄前无明显差异,4周龄时差异显著(P<0.01),断奶后的第1周(5周龄),对照组几乎停止生长(x-=9.62 g),而试验组仍达108.51 g(P<0.01);整个试验期中,饲料利用率试验组优于对照组(P<0.05);强制补饲组仔猪35日龄出售时可增加纯收入17.08元/头。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究仔猪断奶1周内补饲液态复合饲料添加剂对其生长性能、养分消化率、消化道p H及血液指标的影响。挑选20日龄仔猪105头,断奶前屠宰5头,其他100头在21日龄断奶后分为对照组和试验组,每组5个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组仔猪饲喂教槽料,试验组仔猪在每次饲喂教槽料后补喂液态复合饲料添加剂(主要成分为酸化剂、中药提取物、壳寡糖、复合离子调节剂)。试验从断奶当天至断奶后第8天,共计7 d。结果表明:试验组的平均日增重高于对照组(P0.05),腹泻率显著低于对照组(P0.05);试验组粗蛋白和钙的表观消化率较对照组显著增加(P0.05);试验组仔猪断奶后第2天和第8天胃部p H、断奶后第8天十二指肠p H、断奶后第4天回肠p H均显著低于对照组(P0.05),断奶后第4天氯离子含量、断奶后第2天和第8天球蛋白、断奶后第4天和第8天血清Ig G和Ig A含量均显著高于对照组(P0.05),而断奶后第2天血清尿素氮显著低于对照组(P0.05)。由此表明,断奶1周内给仔猪补饲液态复合饲料添加剂,可降低消化道p H,提高养分消化率,并改善机体免疫功能,从而提高仔猪断奶1周内的生长性能,降低仔猪腹泻率。 相似文献
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选用二元杂交仔猪10窝,随机分为对照组和试验组,8日龄时开始补饲,对照组自由采食,试验组在自由采食基础上,增加强制补饲至21日龄.结果表明,强制补饲可明显增加28日龄断奶仔猪断奶前的饲粮采食量:试验组(600.6±29.97)g,对照组(202.6±16.59)g(P<0.01);断奶前后日增重显著提高(P<0.01);断奶后仔猪腹泻频率显著降低:试验组(14.78±2.13)%,对照组(45.75±6.26)%(P<0.01);28日龄胃内pH值低于4,显著低于对照组(P<0.05);肠道内大肠杆菌数量显著低于对照组(P<0.01);35日龄时,试验组胃质量显著大于对照组(P<0.05),胃和十二指肠黏膜绒毛显著高于对照组(P<0.05). 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2016,(6)
试验旨在研究饲粮中添加香甜鲜复合物对仔猪断奶后两周内生长性能及血清生化指标的影响。试验选取平均体重为(5.55±0.64)kg的8窝7日龄的健康杜洛克(Duroc)仔猪,每窝选取7头仔猪,共56头;随机分为2个处理组,每个处理组分为4个重复。2个处理组随机定为对照组和试验组,其中对照组教槽料不添加香甜鲜复合物,试验组教槽料添加2 kg/t的香甜鲜复合物,进行教槽训练,21日龄断奶时开始每2 h计算一次采食量,直至仔猪35日龄试验结束,试验周期为14 d。试验结果表明:1饲粮中添加香甜鲜复合物对仔猪断奶后两周内的平均日采食量和料重比没有明显影响,但能提高仔猪断奶两周内的平均日增重(P=0.028);2饲粮中添加香甜鲜复合物对断奶后4~10 h采食量恢复阶段的采食量增加速率有较为明显的改善;3饲粮中添加香甜鲜复合物对仔猪断奶后两周的血液指标没有明显影响。综合分析,饲粮中添加香甜鲜复合物在仔猪断奶后的两周内的生长性能没有明显影响,但对仔猪断奶后3 d内的采食量恢复有所改善。 相似文献
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中药复合添加剂对母猪哺乳性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
86头哺乳母猪,随机分成两组,对照组喂基础饲粮,试验组产后10日内在基础饲粮中添加2.5％的中药复合增乳添加剂。结果表明,试验组仔猪20日龄窝重和35日龄断奶窝重分别提高25.59％和25.9％(P<0.01),仔猪断奶个体重提高18.56％(P<0.01),哺乳期平均日增重提高22.76％(P<0.05),哺乳期仔猪成活率提高8个百分点(P<0.01)。 相似文献
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刘湘 《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2011,(3)
通过对格尔木市大格勒乡某养殖户仔猪的不同日龄补饲效果试验,结果表明:通过早期补饲可以提高仔猪断奶重,减少下痢的发生,在相同日粮供给的条件下将试验群分为4组,每组3头,除补饲起始日龄不同外,其他饲养管理及营养水平相同.第1组7日龄补饲,第2组14日龄补饲,第3组21日龄补饲,第4组28日龄补饲,至35日龄断奶时第1组平均断奶重为(8.05±0.75)kg,均高于第2～4组,与第3组和第4组断奶重差异显著(P<0.05),下痢发病率以第1组最低为18.5%.研究表明,经过早期的补饲,可以满足仔猪快速生长发育的需要,提高仔猪的断奶重,减少下痢的发生. 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献