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1.
本试验以肉鸡为研究对象,对以杨木屑为原料、采用醋酸催化法制取的低聚木糖进行评价,研究低聚木糖对肉鸡生长性能、肠道消化酶活性和短链脂肪酸含量及血清激素水平的影响,探讨低聚木糖的促生长机制,为醋酸催化法生产低聚木糖的应用提供理论依据。选用120只1日龄爱拔益加肉公鸡,随机分为2个组,即对照组和低聚木糖组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,低聚木糖组以0.02%低聚木糖等量替代基础饲粮中的沸石,试验期为42 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮添加低聚木糖显著提高了肉鸡42日龄时的体重以及22~42日龄和1~42日龄的平均日增重(P<0.05),显著降低了料重比(P<0.05),对平均日采食量无显著影响(P>0.05);2)与对照组相比,饲粮添加低聚木糖显著提高了肉鸡十二指肠脂肪酶活性(P<0.05),有提高十二指肠蛋白酶活性的趋势(P=0.056),但对空肠、回肠和盲肠脂肪酶和蛋白酶活性无显著影响(P>0.05);3)与对照组相比,饲粮添加低聚木糖对盲肠短链脂肪酸含量无显著影响(P>0.05);4)与对照组相比,饲粮添加低聚木糖显著增加了肉鸡血清生长激素和三碘甲腺原氨酸(T 3)含量(P<0.05),显著降低了血清甲状腺素(T 4)含量(P<0.05),显著降低了T 4/T 3值(P<0.05)。综上所述,低聚木糖通过提高肠道消化酶活性,促进与生长相关的激素分泌,提高营养物质利用率,从而改善肉鸡的生长性能。 相似文献
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《中国饲料》2019,(24)
为了探讨低聚木糖在断奶仔猪上的应用效果,研究其对仔猪生长性能、免疫功能和肠道菌群的影响,试验将150头21日龄的断奶仔猪按照体重、胎次相近等原则分为5组,每组设置3个重复,每个重复10头仔猪。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别在基础日粮中添加50、100、150 mg/kg的低聚木糖,试验4组在基础日粮中添加100 mg/kg的金霉素,整个试验为期42 d。结果表明,与基础日粮对比,添加低聚木糖可以显著提高断奶仔猪末重和平均日增重(P 0.05),降低仔猪腹泻率(P 0.05),与基础日粮相比,100、150 mg/kg的低聚木糖组断奶仔猪的料重比显著降低(P 0.05)。此外,日粮中添加低聚木糖可以提高仔猪血清中IgG和IgM的含量(P 0.05),抑制仔猪肠道大肠杆菌增殖(P 0.05),150 mg/kg添加量的低聚木糖还能有效促进乳酸杆菌的增殖(P 0.05)。综上所述,日粮中添加低聚木糖,可以提高断奶仔猪生长性能,改善仔猪免疫功能,有效调节仔猪肠道菌群,促进有益菌增殖,抑制有害菌生长,从添加剂量上看,以100 mg/kg的低聚木糖效果最佳,可以达到或接近抗生素的使用效果,具有良好的替抗前景。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究在蛋鸡日粮中添加酵母硒与低聚木糖及其互作对鸡蛋硒与胆固醇含量、蛋鸡脂质代谢、生产性能的影响。选择1 080只300日龄体质健康的蛋鸡,分为6个试验组,每个试验组4个重复,每个重复45只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1组在基础日粮添加0.01%低聚木糖,试验2组在基础日粮添加0.015%低聚木糖,试验3组在基础日粮中添加0.09 mg亚硒酸钠/kg饲料、试验4组在基础日粮中添加120 mg酵母硒/kg饲料,试验5组在基础日粮中同时添加0.01%低聚木糖、120 mg酵母硒/kg饲料。预饲1周,试验从44周龄持续到48周龄,为期5周(35 d)。结果显示,鸡蛋中的硒含量提高了,蛋黄中胆固醇含量降低了,酵母硒提高了产蛋率并降低了料蛋比。低聚木糖降低了蛋黄及血清中的胆固醇含量。同时添加120 mg酵母硒/kg、0.01%低聚木糖的饲料显著提高了产蛋率,降低了料蛋比,提高了血清中高密度胆固醇含量和鸡蛋中的硒含量,并降低了血清及蛋黄中的胆固醇含量,同时在产蛋率、料蛋比方面有正相关的作用,在提高鸡蛋硒含量及降低蛋黄胆固醇方面有微弱正相关的作用。 相似文献
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几种添加剂对苏禽三凤绿壳蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选用900只38周龄健康的苏禽三凤绿壳蛋鸡,随机分成5个处理组,每个处理组分6个重复,每个重复30只蛋鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,在基础日粮中添加0.015%土霉素为试验1组,在基础日粮中添加0.01%低聚木糖为试验2组,在基础日粮中添加0.015%产酶益生素为试验3组,在基础日粮中添加0.1%中草药提取物为试验4组。研究在鸡舍温度28.6℃情况下几种添加剂对苏禽三凤绿壳蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质的影响。试验表明:试验2、3、4组的产蛋性能和蛋白质均优于对照组和试验1组。综合各项指标以添加0.01%低聚木糖的试验2组效果为最佳。 相似文献
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本试验以1日龄海兰褐蛋用雏鸡400只做为试验对象,将其随机分成5个处理组,每组设4个重复,每个重复20只。其中设1个对照组,4个试验组。在试验期间对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别饲喂基础日粮+0.01%低聚木糖、基础日粮+0.02%低聚木糖、基础日粮+0.03%低聚木糖和基础日粮+抗生素(盐酸恩诺沙星)。试验采用育雏笼常规饲养,自由采食、饮水。预试1周后开始试验,试验期5周。结果表明:低聚木糖能够提高雏鸡的生长性能和免疫机能。 相似文献
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低聚木糖对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《当代畜牧》2007,(11)
选择同批健康的去势断奶仔猪60头,随机分为3组,分别饲喂基础日粮、添加0.01%和0.02%低聚木糖的基础日粮,进行生产性能、腹泻以及经济效益的对比试验,找出低聚木糖在饲粮中的最适添加量。结果表明,在日粮中添加0.01%的低聚木糖可以增加仔猪采食量,显著提高日增重(P<0.05);可以显著降低仔猪腹泻率(P<0.05);使经济效益显著提高(P<0.05)。 相似文献
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本试验通过在日粮中添加低聚木糖探讨其对早期断奶仔猪肠道结构功能的影响。试验选用72头35日龄、体重9.81±0.41 kg杜＆#215;长＆#215;大三元杂交仔猪,随机分配成4组,每组3个重复,每个重复6头仔猪,公母各半。第1组为对照组,饲喂玉米-豆粕基础日粮;其余3组分别在各组日粮中添加0.01%、0.02%、0.04%低聚木糖作为试验组。试验预饲期2 d,正试期为28 d。于试验的最后1 d从各重复中随机选取1头仔猪屠宰,并测定胃、十二指肠、空肠、回肠、盲肠和结肠内容物的pH及十二指肠、空肠和回肠黏膜上皮的绒毛高度和隐窝深度。试验结果显示,试验组猪的胃及各肠段的pH比对照组均有所降低,尤其是0.02%低聚木糖组,差异显著（P＜0.05）;试验组各肠段的绒毛高度均高于对照组,差异显著（P＜0.05）,隐窝深度低于对照组,但差异不显著（P＞0.05）,绒毛高度与隐窝深度之比显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。本试验结果表明,在早期断奶仔猪的日粮中添加低聚木糖,能降低胃肠道内容物的pH,改善早期断奶仔猪肠道的形态结构,以0.02%低聚木糖组效果最为明显。 相似文献
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不同寡糖对肉仔鸡肠道主要菌群和免疫器官指数的影响 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
为研究含糖量相同(0.015%)的不同种类寡糖对肉仔鸡肠道菌群和免疫机能的影响,本试验选用150只健康的1日龄艾维茵肉仔鸡(公母各半),随机分为5个处理,每个处理设3个重复,每个重复10只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组为分别在基础日粮添加果寡糖组(FOS)、甘露寡糖组(MOS)、低聚异麦芽糖组(GOS)、低聚木糖组(XOS),试验期为42d。试验结果表明:42日龄时,低聚木糖组对肠道菌群的改善效果最好;寡糖极显著提高了胸腺指数(P<0.01),且低聚木糖组极显著提高了法氏囊指数(P<0.01)。 相似文献
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低聚木糖对仔猪生产性能和血清生化指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究低聚木糖对早期断奶仔猪生长性能和血清生化指标的影响。选用72头35日龄断奶,体重相近(10kg左右)的健康三元(杜×长×大)杂交仔猪,随机分成4个处理,每处理3个重复,每重复6头猪。以玉米-豆粕型日粮为基础日粮,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组为分别在基础日粮基础上添加0.01%、0.02%、0.04%低聚木糖。试验期28d。研究结果表明:①相对于对照组,0.02%低聚木糖组日增重提高15.34%(P<0.05),0.01%、0.02%低聚木糖组料重比显著降低(P<0.05),各试验组仔猪腹泻率均极显著降低(P<0.01);②各试验组仔猪的血清尿素氮和总胆固醇含量与对照组比较差异均显著(P<0.05),0.02%低聚木糖组血糖含量比对照组提高7.83%(P<0.05),血清总蛋白、血清白蛋白含量都有升高的趋势,但差异不显著(P>0.05);③0.02%低聚木糖组的淀粉酶和碱性磷酸酶活性比对照组有显著提高(P<0.05),各试验组与对照组之间谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性无显著性差异(P>0.05)。④各试验组与对照组相比,断奶仔猪血清中IgG水平都显著提高(P<0.05)。除了0.01%低聚木糖组IgA略... 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献