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试验旨在研究在日粮中添加50200mg/kg假蒟提取物对文昌鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。选取180只健康1日龄文昌鸡于0~2周期间集中育雏,第3周清晨,随机将其分成4组,每组3个重复,每个重复15只,其中T0组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,T50、T100、T200组分别在基础日粮中添加50、100、200mg/kg的假蒟提取物,饲喂至11周。结果表明,试验第6~8周,T100组日均增重、日均采食量显著高于T0、T200组(P0.05);各组屠宰性能无显著差异;T0组胸肌滴水损失、剪切力均显著高于T100、T200组(P0.05);假蒟组提高了胸肌粗脂肪含量。试验结果表明,在基础日粮中添加50200mg/kg假蒟提取物能提高68周文昌鸡日均增重和日均采食量,改善文昌鸡胸肌肉品质。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮添加甜叶菊废渣提取物对断奶仔猪生长性能、血常规及生化指标、抗氧化活性、脏器指数和内脏组织病理的影响,以系统评价断奶仔猪对甜叶菊废渣提取物的耐受性。试验选用平均初始体重为(6.79±0.02)kg的21日龄杜×长×大断奶仔猪108头,随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复6头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加400、4000 mg/kg甜叶菊废渣提取物的饲粮。试验期42 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,1)试验第1~28天及第1~42天,添加甜叶菊废渣提取物对断奶仔猪平均日增重、平均日采食量、料重比及腹泻率均无显著影响(P>0.05);2)添加甜叶菊废渣提取物对断奶仔猪血常规指标均无显著影响(P>0.05),添加4000 mg/kg甜叶菊废渣提取物可显著提高血清碱性磷酸酶活性(P<0.05);3)添加400 mg/kg甜叶菊废渣提取物可显著降低血清丙二醛(MDA)含量并显著提高总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P<0.05),且添加4000 mg/kg甜叶菊废渣提取物显著降低血清MDA含量并显著提高T-SOD活性(P<0.05);4)添加甜叶菊废渣提取物对心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、胰腺等脏器指数均无显著影响(P>0.05),且组织病理学观测未发现心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏等组织有明显病变。综上所述,饲粮中添加甜叶菊废渣提取物可改善断奶仔猪抗氧化性能,对生长性能、血常规指标、脏器指数等均无不良影响,且组织病理学观测未发现明显病理变化。因此,断奶仔猪可耐受饲粮中4000 mg/kg甜叶菊废渣提取物。 相似文献
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为了研究日粮中长期添加假蒟提取物对山羊瘤胃主要微生物的影响,该试验选用40只体重相近的海南黑山羊(9.90±1.13 kg),随机分为4个日粮处理组,分别在精料补充料中添加0、300、600和1 200 mg/kg假蒟提取物,正试期56 d,分别于正试期第14、28、42和56天晨饲前用口腔采样器采集瘤胃液,用实时定量PCR法测定瘤胃原虫、真菌和细菌含量。结果表明,日粮中添加300 mg/kg假蒟提取物显著提高了海南黑山羊的平均日增重,并降低了料重比(P0. 05);日粮添加假蒟提取物显著降低了山羊瘤胃液原虫、真菌、黄色瘤胃球菌、白色瘤胃球菌、甲烷菌、溶纤维丁酸弧菌含量(P0.05),而对产琥铂酸丝状杆菌含量无显著影响(P0.05)。试验结果表明,日粮中添加300 mg/kg假蒟提取物可提高山羊生长性能,添加假蒟提取物可显著降低山羊瘤胃主要微生物数量。 相似文献
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本试验通过研究新型β-葡聚糖对断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道健康的影响,旨在探明β-葡聚糖在仔猪饲粮中的应用效果及适宜添加量。本试验采用单因子试验设计,选取180头21日龄断奶仔猪,按体重和性别比例随机分为5个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复6头猪。试验饲粮在基础饲粮中分别添加25mg/kg,50mg/kg,100mg/kg和200mg/kgβ-葡聚糖。试验期为28天。结果表明:饲粮添加100mg/kgβ-葡聚糖显著提高断奶仔猪1~14天采食量(P0.05)和1~28日增重(P0.05),50~100mg/kgβ-葡聚糖显著提高饲粮干物质、能量、灰分和粗蛋白消化率(P0.05);100mg/kgβ-葡聚糖显著提高回肠绒毛高度(P0.05),降低隐窝深度(P0.05);β-葡聚糖能够有效增加盲肠双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌数量(P0.05),并减少大肠杆菌数量(P0.05)。综上,饲粮中添加100mg/kg新型β-葡聚糖可改善断奶仔猪生长性能,促进仔猪肠道健康。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究辣诺提取物(辣木和诺丽果提取物,MM)对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分消化率及腹泻的影响。选择34日龄、平均体重(9.52±0.20)kg的150头健康杜长大三元杂种断奶仔猪,按照体重相近、公母各半的原则随机分为3组:T1为对照组(基础饲粮,无抗生素)、T2为试验组1(基础饲粮+200 mg/kg MM),T3为试验组2(基础饲粮+400 mg/kg MM)。每组5个重复,每个重复10头仔猪,正式试验期21 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,添加200或400 mg/kg MM的处理组腹泻率分别显著降低31.60%(P<0.05)和35.69%(P<0.05),腹泻指数差异不显著(P>0.05);2)400 mg/kg MM组仔猪平均日增重和平均日采食量分别比对照组提高15.69%(P<0.05)和17.81%(P<0.05),200 mg/kg MM组平均日增重和平均日采食量与对照组相比差异均不显著(P>0.05),3个处理组的料重比差异也不显著(P>0.05);3)与对照组相比,添加MM均显著提高干物质、氮和总能表观消化率(P<0.05)。试验结果表明,在该试验条件下,断奶仔猪饲粮中添加200或400 mg/kg MM均可以改善仔猪腹泻,提高养分表观消化率,且400 mg/kg MM组生长性能最好。 相似文献
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普生源对断奶仔猪生长性能、抗氧化能力和细胞免疫功能的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了研究普生源对断奶仔猪生长性能、抗氧化性能和细胞免疫功能的影响,试验选择体重15kg断奶仔猪40头,随机分成对照组和3个试验组,每组10头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加50、100、200mg/kg的普生源。试验期为30d。30d后,每组随机选取4头断奶仔猪,进行前腔静脉采血,测定抗氧化指标和免疫指标。结果表明,平均日增重、血清中SOD活性、T淋巴细胞百分数和T淋巴细胞转化率,添加普生源100mg/kg和200mg/kg组显著或极显著高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);200mg/kg组料肉比显著低于对照组(P<0.05);试验各组平均日采食量差异不显著;随着普生源添加量的增加,血清中MDA含量有降低趋势,但各组间差异不显著。试验结果提示,饲粮中添加适量的普生源,可以提高断奶仔猪生长性能和抗氧化能力,增强细胞免疫功能。 相似文献
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文章为探讨葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)替代日粮中高剂量氧化锌对断奶仔猪生长性能和血清生化指标的影响,试验选取28d断奶、平均体重8.5kg左右的杜长大仔猪60头,随机分成两组,每组5个重复,每个重复6头猪(公母各半)。氧化锌组在基础日粮中添加3 200 mg/kg氧化锌,GOD组在基础日粮中添加30 mg/kg葡萄糖氧化酶,试验期32 d。结果表明,与高剂量氧化锌相比,日粮添加GOD可显著提高断奶仔猪末重、平均日采食量和平均日增重(P0.05),显著降低腹泻率(P0.05),对血清Glu、CHO、TP、TG、BUN、IgG含量,及内分泌指标T3和T4含量均无显著影响(P0.05)。结论,断奶仔猪日粮添加30mg/kg GOD可替代3 200mg/kg氧化锌。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加八角和杜仲叶提取物对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清酶活性及肝脏肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)分布和表达的影响。采用单因子试验设计,选择健康的"杜×长×大"断奶仔猪48头,随机分为4个组,每组3个重复,每个重复4头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮的基础上分别添加八角提取物(500 mg/kg)、杜仲叶提取物(250 mg/kg)和金霉素(50 mg/kg)。预试期7 d,正试期42 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,饲粮中添加八角提取物、杜仲叶提取物和金霉素显著提高了断奶仔猪平均日增重(P0.05),饲粮中添加八角和杜仲叶提取物显著降低了血清谷丙转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶活性和肝脏TNF-αmRNA相对表达量(P0.05)。TNF-α免疫阳性结果主要见于肝脏的肝小叶间及肝血窦。由此可见,在饲粮中添加八角、杜仲叶提取物可提高断奶仔猪生长性能,并具有抵抗肝脏炎症反应及氧化应激的能力。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加复合植物精油对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化性能及免疫性能的影响。试验选用396头35日龄平均体重为(9.60±0.30)kg的健康"杜×长×大"断奶仔猪,根据体重、性别及健康状况等均衡分布原则随机分为3组:抗生素组(基础饲粮+96 mg/kg延胡索酸泰妙菌素+75 mg/kg金霉素+200 mg/kg吉他霉素)、试验A组(基础饲粮+150 mg/kg复合植物精油)、试验B组(基础饲粮+200 mg/kg复合植物精油),每组6个重复,每个重复22头仔猪。试验期35 d。结果表明:1)与抗生素组相比,饲粮中添加200 mg/kg复合植物精油不仅显著提高仔猪平均日增重(P<0.05)、血清中总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)(P<0.05),而且还能够显著提高仔猪血清中免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量(P<0.05)。2)与抗生素组相比,饲粮中添加150 mg/kg复合植物精油能显著提高仔猪血清白蛋白含量(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加200 mg/kg的复合植物精油具有增强断奶后仔猪健康、促进生长、提高机体抗氧化及免疫力的功效。因此,复合植物精油在断奶仔猪上具有潜在的利用价值。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献