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《畜牧兽医科技信息》2017,(1)
<正>坏死杆菌病是各种家畜、家禽和野生动物共患的传染病。我国目前以马、牛、羊和猪发病较多,危害较大。1病的发生和传播病原体为坏死梭杆菌。也有资料证实,牛、羊、鹿等反刍动物腐蹄病的病原体主要为节瘤拟杆菌。该两种细菌都严格厌氧,易在有坏死组织或感染需氧菌的创伤内繁殖。坏死梭杆菌在自然界分布很广,如健康动物的粪便,被污染的土壤以及畜栏内的垫草上,均可发现。病畜则通过病灶分泌物和坏死组织污染周围环境。病畜和带菌动物是本病的传染源。 相似文献
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附红细胞体病是一种人畜共患的传染病。病原体是立克次氏体目中的附红细胞体,寄生于红细胞内。此病可感染牛、羊、猪、犬、猫、鹿等动物。病原体多呈圆形或卵圆形,血浆中可见到自由运动的附红细胞体。今年夏天当地就有猪群感染此病,给养猪户造成一定的经济损失。 相似文献
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1流行情况附红细胞体病是人畜共患的传染病。病原体是立克次氏体目中的附红细胞体,寄生于红细胞内。此病可感染牛、羊、猪、犬、猫、鹿等动物。病原体多呈圆形或卵圆形,血浆中可见自由运动的附红细胞体。今 相似文献
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羊细颈囊尾蚴病的病原体是泡状绦虫(Taenia hydatigea)的幼虫阶段,细颈囊尾蚴(Cysticercus tenuicollis)的成虫寄生在犬、狼等肉食动物的小肠里,幼虫寄生于猪、牛羊等家畜及野生动物的肝脏浆膜、网膜及肠系膜等处;是一种重要的人畜共患病,流行广泛,危害严重,呈世界性分布.2001年9月我市某肉羊场发现有本病存在. 相似文献
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正布鲁氏杆菌病俗称布病,可感染牛、羊、猪和犬等多种动物,其中又以羊型布氏杆菌对人的致病性最强。我国将布氏杆菌病规定为二类动物疫病,该病发生后病原体在疫区难以清除,持续威胁地区易感羊只的健康。所以必须采取综合防控措施防范。1病原特征布鲁氏菌呈球杆状革兰阴性菌,无鞭毛,不形成芽孢,在多数情况下不形成荚膜。布鲁氏菌属分为6个生物种,即牛、羊、猪、绵羊型附睾、沙林鼠和犬种,20个生物型。布鲁氏杆菌病在家畜中以牛型、羊型和 相似文献
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人畜附红细胞体病的诊断与防治 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
我市于 2 0 0 2年 6月份首次发生猪附红细胞体病。此后迅速在猪群中爆发 ,8~ 9月份达到发病高峰 ,感染率高达 80 %以上 ,死亡率约占发病率的2 0 % ,随后逐渐下降到 1 1月份发病率降至 2 0 %以下。在此期间人和牛、羊、犬、鸡、鸭等畜禽的附红细胞体病也不断地发生。给人民健康和畜牧业造成极大的危害。1 流行特点本病在流行过程中不分动物种群、年龄、性别差异 ,一年四季均能引起各种动物感染发病。夏秋高温阴雨季节吸血昆虫活动猖獗时发病率高 ,冬春季节发病率低。被感染的动物不能产生很强的免疫力 ,治愈后再次感染还会重复发病。2 人… 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献