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1.
本试验采用RT-PCR和测序相结合的方法克隆了牛锌指蛋白312(ZnF312)基因,得到了1812 bp的cDNA序列,包括63 bp的5'非翻译区(1-63)、1377 bp的CDS区(64-1440)和372 bp的3'非翻译区(1441-1812)。采用生物信息学方法分析了该基因及其所编码的蛋白质的结构和功能,结果表明,ZnF312基因位于22号染色体上,编码458个氨基酸,分子质量为48.82 ku,等电点为9.419,含有6个锌指结构域(ZnF_C2H2),与人、黑猩猩、小鼠、大鼠和狗的ZnF312蛋白序列的相似性分别为97%、97%、94%、94%和95%,ZnF312蛋白亚细胞定位于细胞核的概率为95.7%,定位于线粒体的概率为4.3%。结合ZnF_C2H2在真核生物中的重要作用,推测牛ZnF312蛋白可能识别相应的靶基因,在生长发育或疾病控制中起着重要的作用。  相似文献   

2.
野桑蚕羧酸酯酶基因(BmmCarE-2)的克隆及表达分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
羧酸酯酶参与昆虫对有机磷和氨基甲酸酯等杀虫剂抗性的产生。通过反转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)和cDNA末端快速扩增(RACE)方法克隆了一个野桑蚕羧酸酯酶全长基因(BmmCarE-2)。序列分析表明该基因包含1个1 623 bp的开放读码框,有57 bp的cDNA5′端非翻译区序列(5′UTR)和79 bp的cDNA3′端非翻译区序列(3′UTR),编码540个氨基酸,GenBank登录号为EU328351。序列比对分析表明BmmCarE-2与家蚕羧酸酯酶基因BmCarE-2(GenBank登录号:DQ311250)的氨基酸序列相似性最高,达98.9%。利用半定量RT-PCR进行组织表达分析表明,BmmCarE-2在野桑蚕幼虫的头部和脂肪体表达量较高,在丝腺和中肠稍低,而在血液中的表达量最低。  相似文献   

3.
驴Zfy基因cDNA克隆及生物信息学分析   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  
本研究旨在对驴Zfy基因的cDNA序列进行克隆及生物信息学分析。根据GenBank中公布的家牛Zfy基因mRNA序列（登录号：NM_177491.1）设计特异性引物，运用RT-PCR技术获取驴Zfy基因的cDNA序列，并对Zfy基因CDS区核苷酸序列与蛋白质结构进行生物信息学分析。结果表明，驴Zfy基因CDS区序列长度为2 325 bp，编码774个氨基酸；蛋白质二级结构预测结果显示，Zfy蛋白没有信号肽及跨膜结构；驴Zfy基因CDS区序列与家牛、绵羊、人、家猫、家犬、马鹿、黑猩猩、藏羚羊的同源性分别为92.9%、92.6%、91.8%、93.8%、92.5%、92.3%、91.6%和92.6%；对驴和其他8种哺乳动物Zfy基因CDS区核苷酸序列构建的系统进化树显示，驴与绵羊、藏羚羊、家牛、马鹿亲缘关系较近，与家犬和家猫的亲缘关系稍远，与人和黑猩猩亲缘关系最远。本研究成功克隆出驴Zfy基因CDS区序列，为进一步研究驴Zfy基因的功能奠定了基础。  相似文献   

4.
根据GenBank已收录的牛(Bos taurus)、人(Homo sapiens)和小鼠(Mus musculus)等物种Ets-1基因序列的同源保守区域,设计特异性引物,采用RT-PCR和RACE技术,分离并克隆了西农萨能奶山羊(Capra hircus)Ets-1基因的cDNA序列。该序列全长2 263 bp(GenBank登录号HQ589338),包括5’UTR 331 bp,CDS 1 326bp和3’UTR 606 bp,编码441个氨基酸组成的蛋白质。核苷酸序列分析发现,山羊编码序列与牛、猪、人、小鼠等的相应序列同源性分别为98%、94%、92%和90%,3’UTR相应序列为96%、83%、81%和77%,5’UTR相应序列为98%、85%、82%和71%。氨基酸序列分析发现,山羊与牛、猪、人和小鼠的Ets-1的相似性较高,均在95%以上。蛋白质结构分析发现,其蛋白质分子量为50 340.8 D,等电点为5.08,具有典型的螺旋-转角-螺旋结构域,不存在跨膜结构,并且整个序列不含信号肽。  相似文献   

5.
采用同源序列克隆技术结合RT-PCR和RACE技术,首次从内蒙古绒山羊睾丸组织中克隆出羊CDK2基因的全长cDNA序列（GenBank登录号为EF035041）。结果显示：羊CDK2基因的cDNA序列长为1355bp,5′端非翻译区为174bp,3′端非翻译区为266bp,开放阅读框为894bp,编码298个氨基酸。与牛CDK2基因cDNA序列同源性为98％,氨基酸序列完全一致;和其他哺乳动物CDK2基因的cDNA序列同源性也达92％以上;氨基酸序列同源性为93％以上。说明CDK2在结构和功能上有很高的保守性。  相似文献   

6.
为了克隆山羊基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)基因的cDNA片段,分析其基因序列,试验于无菌条件下采集泌乳期奶山羊乳腺组织并提取总RNA。根据已知其他物种的MMP-9基因保守性区域设计特异性引物,采用RT-PCR方法扩增MMP-9基因的CDS区,测序后对核苷酸和推导的氨基酸序列进行分析,并对8个物种进行聚类分析。结果表明:得到长度为2 245 bp的MMP-9基因cD-NA片段(GenBank登录号为JQ670877),其中包含2 130 bp的CDS全长;核酸序列分析结果显示,该基因编码709个氨基酸,与人、小鼠和牛的核苷酸序列进行比对,相似性分别为84%、80%、96%,氨基酸相似性分别为79%、73%、94%。  相似文献   

7.
为了研究猪PNRC2基因的电子克隆,试验通过抑制差减杂交获得了猪PNRC2基因的EST序列,利用生物信息学方法进行电子克隆,并设计引物,采用RT-PCR方法扩增出猪PNRC2基因cDNA序列,将其连接到pMD-19T载体上并转化DH5α后测序,得到猪PNRC2基因序列(GenBank登录号为GQ913658)。结果表明:PNRC2基因cDNA大小为750 bp,最大开放式阅读框(ORF)位于68～487位,编码139个氨基酸,其中脯氨酸占8.6%;猪PNRC2基因的氨基酸序列与牛、人、小鼠和大鼠的相似性分别为97%、94%、82%、82%,其中重要的SH3结合域和NR盒状序列与四者完全一致,其蛋白质预测分子式为C687H1081N207O207S4,属于不稳定蛋白。  相似文献   

8.
本研究克隆了b0,＋AT-2的全长cDNA序列。基于NCBI发布的人和鼠b0,＋AT序列,应用生物学软件进行序列比对后在同源区设计引物,获取cDNA片段;再利用RACE技术克隆了其全长cDNA序列。生物信息学分析显示：猪b0,＋AT-2的全长1 488 bp,包括90 bp的3′非翻译区（UTR）和126 bp的5′UTR;编码区（CDS）编码423个氨基酸残基,分别和人、鼠b0,＋AT以及猪b0,＋AT-1有75.1%、71.9%和86.6%的同源性。  相似文献   

9.
本研究旨在对驴Zfy基因的cDNA序列进行克隆及生物信息学分析。根据GenBank中公布的家牛Zfy基因mRNA序列(登录号:NM_177491.1)设计特异性引物,运用RT-PCR技术获取驴Zfy基因的cDNA序列,并对Zfy基因CDS区核苷酸序列与蛋白质结构进行生物信息学分析。结果表明,驴Zfy基因CDS区序列长度为2 325bp,编码774个氨基酸;蛋白质二级结构预测结果显示,Zfy蛋白没有信号肽及跨膜结构;驴Zfy基因CDS区序列与家牛、绵羊、人、家猫、家犬、马鹿、黑猩猩、藏羚羊的同源性分别为92.9%、92.6%、91.8%、93.8%、92.5%、92.3%、91.6%和92.6%;对驴和其他8种哺乳动物Zfy基因CDS区核苷酸序列构建的系统进化树显示,驴与绵羊、藏羚羊、家牛、马鹿亲缘关系较近,与家犬和家猫的亲缘关系稍远,与人和黑猩猩亲缘关系最远。本研究成功克隆出驴Zfy基因CDS区序列,为进一步研究驴Zfy基因的功能奠定了基础。  相似文献   

10.
锌指蛋白是一类能与细胞内核酸特异结合 ,调控基因表达活性 ,对细胞分裂、分化、胚胎发育及个体生长有重要作用的转录因子。从家蚕 5龄丝腺组织cDNA文库中克隆了一个具有锌指结构的新基因 ,命名为BmZFP基因 (GenBank登录号 :AY75 36 5 9) ,其cDNA全长为 180 9bp ,编码 14 3个氨基酸 ,3′端非翻译区 (3′ untranslatedregion ;3′ UTR)达 1332bp碱基序列。BmZFP氨基酸序列推测有 6个功能结构域 ,是一种CCHC型锌指蛋白。虽然BmZFP氨基酸序列与人、大鼠和小鼠的相关锌指蛋白的氨基酸序列同源性只有 33%左右 ,但 6个功能域中的Cys(C)和His(H)却完全匹配 ,推测其功能与人、大鼠和小鼠的相关锌指蛋白有相似性。BmZFP基因序列的结构分析表明 :该基因由 2个外显子和 1个 14 86bp碱基序列的内含子组成 ,在 5′端上游 - 182～ - 2 2 2区域存在一个启动子元件 ,但不是典型的TATA盒启动子。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

15.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

16.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

17.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

18.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

19.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

20.
Infectious diseases have always been a terrible scourge for humans. The appearance of these plagues, as they were called without distinction, was generally connected to various conditions: asters, climatic changes or religious reasons. The concept of contagious, and then infectious, diseases came slowly. Variolation, i.e. transmission of ‘virulent’ matter to induce a natural disease and the immunity against it, was brought from Constantinople to England by Lady Montague, in 1721. This ‘variolation’ technique was also often performed in veterinary medicine against diseases like sheep-pox or pleuropneumonia. As ‘vaccination’ is the term generally accepted for ‘immunisation’, variolation can be the word designating such a technique. The second period of the history of immunisation began, in 1880, with the studies of Pasteur and his collaborators. A great number of bacterial vaccines were developed: dead, live but attenuated or only parts of pathogens. The viruses were produced in animals, then in eggs and at last, in tissue cultures. Second generation vaccines appeared with genetic engineering: recombinant vaccines, vector vaccines, nucleic acids vaccines, and markers vaccines, among others. These novel technologies can permit the development of new ones and improve the quality of the vaccines already existing.  相似文献   

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